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SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
(1) Articles 
 Indefinite Articles – ‘a’ & ‘an’ 
(a ) To show a Singular Noun eg: a book, a boy, a bat, an egg, 
- an apple, an elephant, etc 
(i) Vowel Sounds ( a, e, I, o, u ) – use “an” 
Silent “h” - -use “an” 
(ii) Consonant Sounds ( b, c, d, …z) – use “a” 
Sounds like – university , uniform – “a” 
(b) To show a General Statement – eg: A cow gives us milk. 
 Definite Article – the ( to show ) 
(a) A specific noun (usually when talking about the picture given) 
eg: We change the idea of :- ( “A boy” … ) to the idea of ( “The boy” ……) 
(b) When repeating a same object 
eg:- I have a car. The car is blue. 
(c) When the object is of its one kind 
eg : sun, earth, king, headmaster, ….etc 
(d) In superlative form 
eg : tallest, most beautiful, best….etc 
(e) For locations 
eg: in the field, on the table, at the stall,…..etc 
We DO NOT use Articles:- 
1. In front of an uncountable noun – eg: flour, rice, water….. 
2. Before proper nouns for a person, place, countries – eg: John, Johor…. 
But use “the” :- USA, Republic of China, Kuala Lumpur Tower, …etc 
3. Before any sports & games – eg: badminton…. 
4. Before any meals – eg: breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper…. 
5. Before a Plural Noun for General Statement – eg: giraffes, postmen….. 
Fill in the blanks with Articles ( a, an, the ) or ( - ) 
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1. ________________ postman delivers letters and parcels. 
2. ________________ pilot flies aeroplanes. 
3. ________________ engineers sometimes work at the construction sites. 
4. ________________ artist painted ________________ most beautiful art work to sell. 
5. ________________ waitress serves ______________ food to _____________ 
customers in ____________________ restaurant. 
6. _________________ electrician repairs ____________________ electrical appliances. 
7. _________________ alligator lays_____________ eggs. After laying 
________________ eggs, it covers them with ________________mud and plants. 
8. _______________toads and ___________frogs look alike. ____________ toad’s skin is 
rough and damp but _______________ frog’s skin in smooth and wet. 
9. ______________ herd of cattle are grazing in _________________ field. 
10.______________ python killed __________goat by winding itself around ________ goat 
and crushed it hard. 
For each omission given ( / ), rewrite the sentences with Articles 
1. He left / house / hour ago. 
_____________________________________________________________ 
2. / Fishmonger sells / fish in / market. 
____________________________________________________________ 
3. / Reporters write / news and / articles. 
____________________________________________________________ 
4. Tina saw / burglar broke into / neighbour’s house last night. 
______________________________________________________________ 
5. We watched / movie after having / delicious meal. 
(2) Singular & Plural Nouns 
Complete the table below with Plural Forms 
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GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
SINGULAR - PLURAL SINGULAR - PLURAL 
1. boy - 
2. tiger - 
3. brush - 
4. bus - 
5. army - 
6. cherry - 
7. knife - 
8. wolf - 
9. glass - 
10. watch - 
11. goose - 
12. tooth - 
13. ox - 
14. child - 
15. buffalo - 
16. mouse - 
17. furniture - 
18. deer - 
19. sheep - 
20. rice - 
Rewrite the sentences in Plural Forms 
1. The girls put on a cap and carry an umbrella on a sunny day. 
______________________________________________________________ 
2. The bird flew above the house just now. 
______________________________________________________________ 
3. The ox and the sheep are grazing on the field. 
_______________________________________________________________ 
4. The mouse came out to steal food at night. 
_______________________________________________________________ 
5. My family enjoys picnicking during the weekend. 
_______________________________________________________________ 
(3) Verbs (Parts of Body) 
NOUNS VERBS 
1. elbow bend 
2. finger snap, count, cross 
3. hand carry, take, hold, write, draw, shake, play, hit, clap, slap, break 
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4. arm lift 
5. knee kneel, bend 
6. leg walk, run, jump, skip, stand 
7. feet dance, step, kick 
8. toes balance 
9. ear listen, hear 
10.eye see, look, read, tear, close, open 
11. nose smell 
12.tongue taste 
13.teeth bite, chew, (brush, pull out ) 
14.mouth eat, drink, speak, talk, tell, sing, cry, laugh, shout, blow, read 
15.head nod, shake 
16.neck turn 
Complete the chant with correct ‘Verbs’ 
I ________________________ with my eyes. 
I ________________________ with my ears. 
I ________________________ with my nose. 
I ________________________ with my tongue. 
I ________________________ with my teeth. 
I ________________________ with my mouth. 
I ________________________ with my head. 
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I ________________________ with my neck. 
I ________________________ with my arm. 
I ________________________ with my hands. 
I ________________________ with my fingers. 
I ________________________ with my legs. 
I ________________________ with my feet. 
I ________________________ myself on my toes. 
Now, you have learnt that; 
Different parts of your body, 
Can do different things. 
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Underline the correct answer for each question below 
1. The pupils ( read, talk ) quietly in the library. 
2. The children ( jump, play ) happily in the playground. 
3. I ( eat, drink ) my soup with a spoon. 
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4. Peter and Jane ( catch, hold ) the butterflies with a net. 
5. Mei Lin and her friends always ( dance, skip ) at the school concert. 
6. The boys ( kick, hit ) the balls with their feet. 
7. Please ( carry, throw ) the books to the staffroom. 
8. We ( stand, sit ) straight when we ( sing, shout ) the national anthem. 
9. Do not ( take, touch ) the switch with your wet hand. 
10.The fierce dogs ( chew, bite ) at the strangers. 
11.The players ( hit, touch ) the ball over the net. 
12.I ( blow, taste ) out the candles on the cake. 
13.The spectators ( slap, clap ) loudly when the player has shot a goal. 
14.The prayers ( bend, kneel ) and ( cross, snap ) their fingers in front of the god when 
they pray. 
15.We ( open, close ) our eyes when we sleep. 
16.My twin sisters ( cry, laugh ) loudly upon hearing the jokes. 
17.I ( cover, hold ) my ears when I ( hear, listen ) the thunder. 
18.My English teacher likes to ( talk, tell ) stories to us. 
19.The roses ( look, see ) beautiful and ( smell, taste ) fragrant. 
20.Please ( take, open ) your book and ( turn, bend ) to page 50. 
(4) Tenses 
Study the table about different TENSES based on time phrase given 
Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future 
Verbs : 
Singular : -s, -es, -ies 
( He, She, It ) 
Verbs : 
Regular : -d, -ed. - ied 
Irregular : vowels 
Verbs : root words 
* will / shall ( verb ) 
shall – I , We 
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Plural : root words 
( I, You, We, They) 
changed, word 
changed, remain root 
words 
will – He, She, It, You, 
They 
Time Phrase : 
every day, always, 
often, sometimes, 
usually, never 
Time Phrase : 
just now, this morning, 
yesterday, last night, last 
week, a few days ago 
Time Phrase : 
later, soon, tonight, 
tomorrow, next week, 
in future 
Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous 
Singular: is + Verb “ing” 
Singular: was+Verb “ing” 
( He, She, It ) 
( He, She, It ) 
Plural: are + Verb “ing” 
Plural: were + Verb “ing” 
( I, You, We, They) 
( I, You, We, They) 
will be + Verb “ing” 
( He, She, It, You, They 
) 
shall be + Verb “ing” 
( I, We ) 
Time Phrase : 
now, at the moment 
Time Phrase : 
~ when, ~ while, ~ as 
Time Phrase : 
later, tonight, etc 
Simple Present Tense + Subject Verb Agreement 
Subject Nouns / Pronouns Subject Nouns / Pronouns 
The boys, I, You, We, They John, My mother, He, She, It 
Plural Verbs Singular Verbs 
1. play, speak, listen + s plays, speaks, listens 
2. go, brush, catch + es goes, brushes, catches 
3. carry, fly, cry y ies carries, flies, cries 
Note : 
(I) Verbs end with – “o”, “sh”, “ch” – add “es” to the root form 
eg: do + “es” – does, wash + “es” – washes, watch + “es” - watches 
(II) Verbs end with “y” : 
(a) with a Vowel in front of “y” like in – play, enjoy, buy 
Just add “s” to the word – plays, enjoys, buys 
(b) with a Consonant in front of “y” like in – fly, try, carry 
Change the “y” to “ies” – flies, tries, cries 
( a) Simple Present Tense 
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We use Simple Present Tense when : 
 Habitual Actions – things we do every day or often 
 Universal Truths – facts that cannot be changed 
 Giving Instructions / Polite Orders 
Habitual Actions Universal Truths Instructions / Directions 
1. The boys ( play ) football 
every day. 
2. My mother always 
( cooks ) curry for us. 
1. An elephant (has) a long 
trunk. 
2. The earth (moves) around 
the sun. 
1.(Hand) in your books 
during recess. 
2. (Turn) left and (go) along 
Jalan Bunga. 
Note : 
1. Verbs for ‘Habitual Actions’ and ‘Universal Truths’; we take a consideration on the Subject 
Verb Agreement. 
2. Verbs for ‘Imperative / Instructional Language’ are remain in their base forms. 
Choose the correct answer for each question below 
1. Mrs. Lee ( goes, go ) to market every day. 
2. My father ( washes, wash ) his car every Sunday. 
3. A postman ( deliver, delivers ) letters daily. 
4. The pupils ( sweep, sweeps ) their classroom every day. 
5. My baby brother always ( drink, drinks ) milk at night. 
6. My dog often ( barks, bark ) at strangers. 
7. My uncle sometimes ( takes, take ) us out for a picnic. 
8. The children ( makes, make ) the kites themselves. 
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9. Kim Hock usually ( cycles, cycle ) to the grocery shop. 
10.We ( jog, jogs ) at the park every evening. 
11. It ( snow, snows ) during winter. 
12.The stars ( twinkle, twinkles ) at night. 
13.Owls ( hoot, hoots ) and an eagle ( screams, scream ). 
14.The roots of a tree ( absorbs, absorb ) water from the ground. 
15.Water ( flows, flow ) from high to low. 
16.( Circle, Circles ) the correct answer for the question given. 
17.( Walk, Walks ) down the road and ( stops, stop ) at the traffic lights. 
18.( Beats, Beat ) three eggs in a big bowl and ( adds, add ) a little baking soda into it. 
19.( Reads, Read ) and ( spells, spell ) the words correctly. 
20.( Use, Uses ) the overhead bridge to ( cross, crosses ) the busy road. 
(b) Simple Past Tense 
We use Simple Past Tense when we talk about a past event / incident. For examples : 
My father washed his car a few days ago. 
My mother cooked chicken curry yesterday. 
The boys won the football match last Friday. 
We went to the library just now. 
You cycled to school last week. 
She swept the floor during recess time. 
There are two types of Past Tense Verbs :- 
1. Regular Verbs 
+ d + ed y -----> ied 
Baked 
Cycled 
Cooked 
Packed 
Carry – carried 
Marry – married 
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Played Fry - fried 
2. Irregular Verbs 
Change partial of 
vowels 
Whole words changing No Past Tense Form 
( ** spelling same sound 
different ) 
Sit – sat 
Sing – sang 
Write - wrote 
Swim - swam 
Go – went 
Fly – flew 
Put – put 
Cut – cut 
Hit – hit 
** Read - read 
Circle the correct Past Tense 
1. Her mother ___________ to the market by car this morning. 
A. go B. goes C. went D. going 
2. The fishermen _________ a lot of fish last Sunday. 
A. catch B. catches C. caught D. catching 
3. The cat _________ under the table just now. 
A. slept B. sleeping C. sleeps D. sleep 
4. Pak Long __________ the newspaper this morning. 
A. reads B. reading C. read 
5. My sister__________ to the radio a moment ago. 
A. listens B. listened C. listening D. listen 
6. Khatijah did not ____________ to school yesterday. 
A. cycling B. cycles C. cycled D. cycle 
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7. The children ________the tables and chairs yesterday morning. 
A. arrange B. arranges C. arranged D. arranging 
8. The stray dogs _________ loudly last night. 
A. bark B. barks C. barked D. barking 
9. I _______ the television programme until very late last night. 
A. watch B. watching C. watched D. watches 
10. Lily and her brother ________their grandparents two years ago. 
A. visited B. visit C. visits D. visiting 
Find and circle the Verbs from the passage. Rewrite the paragraphs with Simple Past Tense 
Every Sunday, I play skateboard with my friends in the playground. It is a fine day, there 
are many children at there. 
My friends and I bring along our skateboards. We usually play for two hours. As we 
play, we joke and laugh happily. 
It is fun to have an outdoor activity with friends during weekends. 
Last Sunday, __________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
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_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
_________________________________________________________________________ 
(c) Simple Future Tense 
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(d) Present Continuous Tense 
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1. Tells about an action is going on at the time of speaking 
Eg : I am cycling to school now. 
My mother is cooking at the moment. 
2. The Verb changes to ‘Verb + ing’ – For eg : play + ing = playing 
3. Subject Verb Agreement is on the Verb-to-Be ( is, am, are ); to indicate Singular or Plural 
nouns. 
Subject Verb-to-Be Actual Verb Object/adverb/prepositional phrase Time 
I am doing my homework now. 
We are singing loudly at the concert now. 
He is reading in the library now. 
Miss Lim is trimming her plants carefully in the garden now. 
The boys are playing football happily in the field now. 
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The infinitive ‘to’ functions as ‘linking word’ to join 2 verbs in a sentence : 
Subject Verb 1 Infinitive 
‘to’ 
Verb 2 Object/adjective/adverb/Prepositional phrase 
I want to see the pupils . 
My aunt loves to cook chicken curry. 
Mr Wong likes to read novels during her free time. 
She forgets to do her homework. 
It started to rain heavily when we walked home. 
They help to wash their father’s car. 
The cats likes to eat fish and meat. 
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6. Gerund 
It is a ‘verb’ which function as a ‘noun’ in a sentence. So it is called a ‘Noun- 
Verb’ too. For examples : 
Interest / Hobby 
Verb = action words Nouns ( Hobby ) 
Bake Baking ( cakes / cookies ) 
Cook Cooking ( curry, Indian food, etc ) 
Read Reading ( books, magazines, etc ) 
Paint Painting ( scenery, portrait, etc ) 
Draw Drawing 
Swim Swimming 
Sing / dance Singing / dancing 
Sew / knit Sewing / knitting 
Collect Collecting ( stamps, coins, etc ) 
Cycle Cycling 
Play Playing ( football, badminton, ec ) 
( congkak, scrabble, etc ) 
( piano, violin, guitar, etc ) 
( computer games, games) 
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( A ) Read and match 
Playing computer game 
Reading and drawing 
Stamps collecting 
Fishing and swimming 
Knitting and sewing 
Watching television & 
Listening to Radio 
Baking and cooking 
Gardening & Catching butterflies 
( B ) Spelling Quiz ( Hobbies ) 
1. My mother enjoys preparing food for us.________________ 
2. My grandfather has many beautiful bonsai.______________ 
3. My aunt sews a pretty dress for my sister._______________ 
4. I enjoy watching the cartoon every Sunday._____________ 
5. Mei Lin goes to the library every weekend.______________ 
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6. My father sometimes spends his free time at the nearby pond. 
________________ 
6. Adjectives 
Words which are used to describe objects, people, animals, plants and 
others 
Sheila has a house. 
big 
beautiful 
wooden 
opinion 
Size & 
shape 
material 
Sheila has a beautiful big wooden house. 
OpSHACOM 
opinion Size & shape Age colour origin material 
Adjectives of the same type should be 
separated by “and” 
Eg: She wore a red and white hat. 
She carries a big black handbag. 
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Underline the ADJECTIVES in these sentences 
1. A berry is a small fruit with seeds. 
2. A plum is a fleshy fruit. 
3. A watermelon has red or yellow flesh. 
4. A coconut tree produces hard shelled fruit. 
5. The durian has a strong smell. 
6. Cactus has thick stem. 
7. A bamboo has smooth woody stems. 
8. An ixora is a bushy plant. 
9. A dragon fruit is juicy and fleshy.. 
10. The big broad leaves of a banana plant can be used to wrap ‘nasi lemak’. 
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Comparison of Adjectives 
POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE 
1. No difference 
between two. 
2.No changing in 
Adjectives. 
3.Using : ( as ~ as ) 
Eg: 
Ali is as tall as I. 
1.There is a 
difference between 
two. 
2. Add “er” / “ more” 
to Adjectives. 
Eg: taller / 
more hardworking 
3.Some irregular 
Adjectives : better, 
worse, less, etc 
4. Using : ( ~ than ) 
Eg : 
Ali is taller than Siti. 
1. Compare three or 
more than that 
2. Always “talk” 
about the ONLY one. 
3. Add “est” / 
“most” to 
Adjectives. Eg: 
tallest / most 
hardworking 
4. Some irregular 
Adjectives : best, 
worst, least, etc. 
5. Using : (…the ~) 
Eg: 
Muthu is the tallest in 
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our class. 
Circle the correct answers 
1. The watermelon is ( heavier , heavy , heaviest ) than an orange. 
2. The banana leaves are ( broad , broader , broadest ) than the canna leaves. 
3. Long beans are ( long , longer , longest ) than the French beans. 
4. The jackfruits is the ( large , larger , largest ) among the three fruits. 
5. The oil palm is ( short , shorter , shortest ) than the coconut palm. 
6. Which is the ( small , smaller , smallest ) fruit among the three; pineapple, 
orange and longan ? 
7. Which is ( juicy , juicier , juiciest ), a watermelon or a honey dew melon? 
8. May is the ( beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful ) girl in her family. 
9. He promised to be ( careful , more careful , most careful ) in his work. 
10. Jane got the ( few , less , least ) marks in her class. 
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11. If you need ( much , more , most ) money, ask me. 
12. Jolene is ( good , better , best ) than her brother. 
13. My house is the ( far , further , furthest ) from my school. 
14. The fish curry tastes as ( bad , worse , worst ) as the mutton curry. 
15. Who is ( important , more important , most important ), a farmer or a 
teacher ? 
16. This is the ( difficult , more difficult , most difficult ) test that I have ever 
answered. 
Rewrite the sentences with correct ADJECTIVES 
1. Chong Beng is the tall boy in his class. 
__________________________________________________ 
2. These apples are sweet than those. 
___________________________________________________ 
3. Mei Feng can run as faster as her brother. 
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_____________________________________________________ 
4. Which story is interesting, this one or that one? 
_____________________________________________________ 
5. Melissa is the pretty of the three girls. 
_____________________________________________________ 
6. My father is two year young than my mother. 
___________________________________________________ 
7. Veloo is not as cleverest as his brother, Muthu. 
___________________________________________________ 
8. This is the easy way to get to the top of the hill. 
___________________________________________________ 
9. I can sing and dance good than my best friend. 
___________________________________________________ 
10. The path in the park is broad than the lane behind my house. 
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___________________________________________________ 
7. SIMILES 
( i ) Read some examples in the table below 
1. as agile as a cat / monkey 
2. as big as an elephant 
3. as bitter as medicine 
4. as blind as a bat 
5. as black as coal 
6. as brave as a lion 
7. as clumsy as a bear 
8. as busy as a bee 
9. as cool as a cucumber 
10. as faithful as a dog 
11. as graceful as a swan 
12. as green as grass 
13. as happy as a lark / a king 
如描或猴般灵活 
如大象般庞大 
如药般苦 
如蝙蝠般盲目 
如碳般黑 
如狮子般勇敢 
如熊般笨拙 
如蜜蜂般忙碌 
如黄瓜般清凉 
如狗般忠诚 
如天鹅般优雅 
如青草般翠绿 
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14. as hard as iron 
15. as heavy as lead 
16. as hot as an oven 
17. as light as a feather 
18. as hungry as a wolf 
19. as proud as a peacock 
20. as slippery as an eel 
21. as slow as a snail / tortoise 
22. as soft as silk / butter 
23. as sour as vinegar 
24. as stubborn as a mule 
25. as smell as an ant 
26. as sweet as honey / sugar 
27. as timid as a mouse 
如百灵鸟或国王般快乐 
如铁般坚硬 
如铅般重 
如烤箱般酷热 
如羽毛般轻盈 
如 狼般饥饿 
如孔雀般骄傲 
如鳝鱼般滑溜 
如蜗牛或乌龟般缓慢 
如丝绸或牛油般柔滑 
如醋般酸 
如骡子般固执 
如蚂蚁般细小 
如蜜糖或糖般甜 
胆小如鼠 
(ii) Choose the SIMILES to complete the sentences below 
1. The water in the pool is __________, so I don’t want to swim in it. 
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A. as cool as a cucumber C. as cold as ice 
B. as wet as a fish D. as clear as crystal 
2. My mother is ___________a bee before the Chinese New Year . 
A. as busy as C. as happy as 
B. as graceful as D. as heavy as 
3. The flag pole in front of my school is ____________________ . 
A. as green as grass C. as tall as a giant 
B. as warm as wool D. as proud as a peacock 
4. He looked __________________ after sunbathing at the beach. 
A. as sweet as honey C. as soft as butter 
B. as brown as a berry D. as thin as a rake 
5. All the clothes outside became _________ after the rain poured. 
A. as wet as a fish C. as hot as fire 
B. as black coal D. as white as snow 
6. The stick was ________________ an iron. He could not break it. 
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A. as easy as C. as big as 
B. as loud as D. as hard as 
7. The children were afraid of Mr. Muthu. He was ______________. 
A. as fierce as a tiger C. as strong as a bull 
B. as quick as lightning D. as wise as an owl 
8. The woodcutter’s axe is ____________________ a razor. 
A. as agile as C. as new as 
B. as blunt as D. as sharp 
9. Mr. John’s house was built many years ago. It is ____________ . 
A. as quiet as a mouse C. as slow as a snail 
B. as old as the hill D. as big as a giant 
10. Leela is the best dancer in the troupe. She dances _________. 
A. as graceful as a swan C. as happy as a lark 
B. as quick as a deer D. as clumsy as a bear 
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8. Adverbs 
Words which are used to describe actions 
Frequenc 
y 
always 
often 
usually 
sometime 
seldom 
Types of Adverbs : 
Sample Sentences : 
Manner Place Time 
quickly 
slowly 
hungrily 
beautifully 
fast 
field 
canteen 
market 
home 
school 
1. I always play congkak with my best friend. 
2. Mary sang beautifully / sweetly at the concert. 
3. We play football in the field. 
4. I cycle to school every morning. / every day 
every day 
yesterday 
just now 
now 
last week 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 32
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
( A ) Match the Verbs to Adverbs to form Adverbial Phrases 
VERBS 
1. write 
2. sit 
3. rain 
4. shout 
5. smile 
6. read 
7. shine 
8. wait 
ADVERBS ADVERBIAL PHRASES 
comfortably 
neatly 
angrily 
quietly 
brightly 
patiently 
heavily 
broadly 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 33
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
( B ) Rewrite the sentences with correct ADVERBS 
1. The pupils read quiet in the library. 
____________________________________________________________ 
2. The beggar ate the food hungry at the table. 
____________________________________________________________ 
3. My pet cat lies lazy on the floor. 
___________________________________________________________ 
4. The children jumped happy with joy when they heard the good news. 
___________________________________________________________ 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 34
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
5. Kok Liang was sad because he did bad in the examination. 
____________________________________________________________ 
9. Prepositions 
Prep. Usage Example 
on 
· days of the week 
· date 
on Monday 
on 12 July 2012 
in 
· months / seasons 
· time of day 
· year 
· after a certain period of time (when?) 
in August / in winter 
in the morning 
in 2006 
in an hour 
at 
· for night / noon 
· for weekend 
· a certain point of time(when?) 
at night / at noon 
at the weekend 
at half past nine 
for 
· over a certain period of time (past till now) -for 2 years 
in · room, building, street, town, country 
· book, paper etc. 
· car, taxi 
· picture, world 
-in the kitchen, in London 
-in the book 
-in the car, in a taxi 
-in the picture, in the world 
at · meaning next to, by an object 
· for table 
-at the door, at the station 
-at the table 
-at a concert, at the party 
-at the cinema, at school, at 
work 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 35
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
· for events 
· place where you are to do something typical 
on · attached 
· for a place with a river 
· being on a surface 
· for a certain side (left, right) 
· for a floor in a house 
· for public transport 
· for television, radio 
-the picture on the wall 
-London lies on the Thames. 
-on the table 
-on the left 
-on the first floor 
-on the bus, on a plane 
-on TV, on the radio 
on · walking or riding 
· entering a public transport vehicle 
-on foot, on horseback 
-get on the bus 
in entering a car / Taxi -get in the car 
by · rise or fall of something 
· travelling (other than walking or horse riding) 
-prices have risen by 10 percent 
by car, by bus 
Choose the BEST preposition to match each picture shown 
1. buys a racquet ( at, in, from ) the shop 
bought the racquet ( in , at, from ) the shopkeeper 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 36
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
2. buy ducks ( in, at, from ) the stall 
sells ducks ( at, to, for ) the customers 
3. sing ( in, on, at ) the stage 
perform ( on, at, in ) the hall 
4. reads ( down, below, under ) the tree 
5. fell ( down, from, onto ) the chair 
6. get ( in, on, up ) the bus 
board ( -, up, on ) the bus 
7. barked ( to, at, on ) the stranger 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 37
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
afraid ( with, of, to ) the dog 
8. fly ( on, at, in ) the sky 
9. put ( off, out, away ) the fire 
sprayed the water ( on, onto, at ) the building 
10. David’s father works as a doctor _____________ . 
A. in a bank 
B. in an office 
C. in a drug store 
D. in the hospital 
11. My mother prefers to exercise on __________ . 
A. the jogging tracks 
B. the lane 
C. the road 
D. her treadmill 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 38
SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) 
GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 
12. Put the meat _______ and serve it hot. 
A. in a glass 
B. in the jar 
C. on a plate 
D. in a mug 
10) Conjunctions 
Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 39

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Grammar notes & practices

  • 1. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES (1) Articles  Indefinite Articles – ‘a’ & ‘an’ (a ) To show a Singular Noun eg: a book, a boy, a bat, an egg, - an apple, an elephant, etc (i) Vowel Sounds ( a, e, I, o, u ) – use “an” Silent “h” - -use “an” (ii) Consonant Sounds ( b, c, d, …z) – use “a” Sounds like – university , uniform – “a” (b) To show a General Statement – eg: A cow gives us milk.  Definite Article – the ( to show ) (a) A specific noun (usually when talking about the picture given) eg: We change the idea of :- ( “A boy” … ) to the idea of ( “The boy” ……) (b) When repeating a same object eg:- I have a car. The car is blue. (c) When the object is of its one kind eg : sun, earth, king, headmaster, ….etc (d) In superlative form eg : tallest, most beautiful, best….etc (e) For locations eg: in the field, on the table, at the stall,…..etc We DO NOT use Articles:- 1. In front of an uncountable noun – eg: flour, rice, water….. 2. Before proper nouns for a person, place, countries – eg: John, Johor…. But use “the” :- USA, Republic of China, Kuala Lumpur Tower, …etc 3. Before any sports & games – eg: badminton…. 4. Before any meals – eg: breakfast, lunch, dinner, supper…. 5. Before a Plural Noun for General Statement – eg: giraffes, postmen….. Fill in the blanks with Articles ( a, an, the ) or ( - ) Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 1
  • 2. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 1. ________________ postman delivers letters and parcels. 2. ________________ pilot flies aeroplanes. 3. ________________ engineers sometimes work at the construction sites. 4. ________________ artist painted ________________ most beautiful art work to sell. 5. ________________ waitress serves ______________ food to _____________ customers in ____________________ restaurant. 6. _________________ electrician repairs ____________________ electrical appliances. 7. _________________ alligator lays_____________ eggs. After laying ________________ eggs, it covers them with ________________mud and plants. 8. _______________toads and ___________frogs look alike. ____________ toad’s skin is rough and damp but _______________ frog’s skin in smooth and wet. 9. ______________ herd of cattle are grazing in _________________ field. 10.______________ python killed __________goat by winding itself around ________ goat and crushed it hard. For each omission given ( / ), rewrite the sentences with Articles 1. He left / house / hour ago. _____________________________________________________________ 2. / Fishmonger sells / fish in / market. ____________________________________________________________ 3. / Reporters write / news and / articles. ____________________________________________________________ 4. Tina saw / burglar broke into / neighbour’s house last night. ______________________________________________________________ 5. We watched / movie after having / delicious meal. (2) Singular & Plural Nouns Complete the table below with Plural Forms Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 2
  • 3. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES SINGULAR - PLURAL SINGULAR - PLURAL 1. boy - 2. tiger - 3. brush - 4. bus - 5. army - 6. cherry - 7. knife - 8. wolf - 9. glass - 10. watch - 11. goose - 12. tooth - 13. ox - 14. child - 15. buffalo - 16. mouse - 17. furniture - 18. deer - 19. sheep - 20. rice - Rewrite the sentences in Plural Forms 1. The girls put on a cap and carry an umbrella on a sunny day. ______________________________________________________________ 2. The bird flew above the house just now. ______________________________________________________________ 3. The ox and the sheep are grazing on the field. _______________________________________________________________ 4. The mouse came out to steal food at night. _______________________________________________________________ 5. My family enjoys picnicking during the weekend. _______________________________________________________________ (3) Verbs (Parts of Body) NOUNS VERBS 1. elbow bend 2. finger snap, count, cross 3. hand carry, take, hold, write, draw, shake, play, hit, clap, slap, break Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 3
  • 4. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 4. arm lift 5. knee kneel, bend 6. leg walk, run, jump, skip, stand 7. feet dance, step, kick 8. toes balance 9. ear listen, hear 10.eye see, look, read, tear, close, open 11. nose smell 12.tongue taste 13.teeth bite, chew, (brush, pull out ) 14.mouth eat, drink, speak, talk, tell, sing, cry, laugh, shout, blow, read 15.head nod, shake 16.neck turn Complete the chant with correct ‘Verbs’ I ________________________ with my eyes. I ________________________ with my ears. I ________________________ with my nose. I ________________________ with my tongue. I ________________________ with my teeth. I ________________________ with my mouth. I ________________________ with my head. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 4
  • 5. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES I ________________________ with my neck. I ________________________ with my arm. I ________________________ with my hands. I ________________________ with my fingers. I ________________________ with my legs. I ________________________ with my feet. I ________________________ myself on my toes. Now, you have learnt that; Different parts of your body, Can do different things. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 5
  • 6. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Underline the correct answer for each question below 1. The pupils ( read, talk ) quietly in the library. 2. The children ( jump, play ) happily in the playground. 3. I ( eat, drink ) my soup with a spoon. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 6
  • 7. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 4. Peter and Jane ( catch, hold ) the butterflies with a net. 5. Mei Lin and her friends always ( dance, skip ) at the school concert. 6. The boys ( kick, hit ) the balls with their feet. 7. Please ( carry, throw ) the books to the staffroom. 8. We ( stand, sit ) straight when we ( sing, shout ) the national anthem. 9. Do not ( take, touch ) the switch with your wet hand. 10.The fierce dogs ( chew, bite ) at the strangers. 11.The players ( hit, touch ) the ball over the net. 12.I ( blow, taste ) out the candles on the cake. 13.The spectators ( slap, clap ) loudly when the player has shot a goal. 14.The prayers ( bend, kneel ) and ( cross, snap ) their fingers in front of the god when they pray. 15.We ( open, close ) our eyes when we sleep. 16.My twin sisters ( cry, laugh ) loudly upon hearing the jokes. 17.I ( cover, hold ) my ears when I ( hear, listen ) the thunder. 18.My English teacher likes to ( talk, tell ) stories to us. 19.The roses ( look, see ) beautiful and ( smell, taste ) fragrant. 20.Please ( take, open ) your book and ( turn, bend ) to page 50. (4) Tenses Study the table about different TENSES based on time phrase given Simple Present Simple Past Simple Future Verbs : Singular : -s, -es, -ies ( He, She, It ) Verbs : Regular : -d, -ed. - ied Irregular : vowels Verbs : root words * will / shall ( verb ) shall – I , We Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 7
  • 8. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Plural : root words ( I, You, We, They) changed, word changed, remain root words will – He, She, It, You, They Time Phrase : every day, always, often, sometimes, usually, never Time Phrase : just now, this morning, yesterday, last night, last week, a few days ago Time Phrase : later, soon, tonight, tomorrow, next week, in future Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous Singular: is + Verb “ing” Singular: was+Verb “ing” ( He, She, It ) ( He, She, It ) Plural: are + Verb “ing” Plural: were + Verb “ing” ( I, You, We, They) ( I, You, We, They) will be + Verb “ing” ( He, She, It, You, They ) shall be + Verb “ing” ( I, We ) Time Phrase : now, at the moment Time Phrase : ~ when, ~ while, ~ as Time Phrase : later, tonight, etc Simple Present Tense + Subject Verb Agreement Subject Nouns / Pronouns Subject Nouns / Pronouns The boys, I, You, We, They John, My mother, He, She, It Plural Verbs Singular Verbs 1. play, speak, listen + s plays, speaks, listens 2. go, brush, catch + es goes, brushes, catches 3. carry, fly, cry y ies carries, flies, cries Note : (I) Verbs end with – “o”, “sh”, “ch” – add “es” to the root form eg: do + “es” – does, wash + “es” – washes, watch + “es” - watches (II) Verbs end with “y” : (a) with a Vowel in front of “y” like in – play, enjoy, buy Just add “s” to the word – plays, enjoys, buys (b) with a Consonant in front of “y” like in – fly, try, carry Change the “y” to “ies” – flies, tries, cries ( a) Simple Present Tense Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 8
  • 9. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES We use Simple Present Tense when :  Habitual Actions – things we do every day or often  Universal Truths – facts that cannot be changed  Giving Instructions / Polite Orders Habitual Actions Universal Truths Instructions / Directions 1. The boys ( play ) football every day. 2. My mother always ( cooks ) curry for us. 1. An elephant (has) a long trunk. 2. The earth (moves) around the sun. 1.(Hand) in your books during recess. 2. (Turn) left and (go) along Jalan Bunga. Note : 1. Verbs for ‘Habitual Actions’ and ‘Universal Truths’; we take a consideration on the Subject Verb Agreement. 2. Verbs for ‘Imperative / Instructional Language’ are remain in their base forms. Choose the correct answer for each question below 1. Mrs. Lee ( goes, go ) to market every day. 2. My father ( washes, wash ) his car every Sunday. 3. A postman ( deliver, delivers ) letters daily. 4. The pupils ( sweep, sweeps ) their classroom every day. 5. My baby brother always ( drink, drinks ) milk at night. 6. My dog often ( barks, bark ) at strangers. 7. My uncle sometimes ( takes, take ) us out for a picnic. 8. The children ( makes, make ) the kites themselves. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 9
  • 10. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 9. Kim Hock usually ( cycles, cycle ) to the grocery shop. 10.We ( jog, jogs ) at the park every evening. 11. It ( snow, snows ) during winter. 12.The stars ( twinkle, twinkles ) at night. 13.Owls ( hoot, hoots ) and an eagle ( screams, scream ). 14.The roots of a tree ( absorbs, absorb ) water from the ground. 15.Water ( flows, flow ) from high to low. 16.( Circle, Circles ) the correct answer for the question given. 17.( Walk, Walks ) down the road and ( stops, stop ) at the traffic lights. 18.( Beats, Beat ) three eggs in a big bowl and ( adds, add ) a little baking soda into it. 19.( Reads, Read ) and ( spells, spell ) the words correctly. 20.( Use, Uses ) the overhead bridge to ( cross, crosses ) the busy road. (b) Simple Past Tense We use Simple Past Tense when we talk about a past event / incident. For examples : My father washed his car a few days ago. My mother cooked chicken curry yesterday. The boys won the football match last Friday. We went to the library just now. You cycled to school last week. She swept the floor during recess time. There are two types of Past Tense Verbs :- 1. Regular Verbs + d + ed y -----> ied Baked Cycled Cooked Packed Carry – carried Marry – married Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 10
  • 11. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Played Fry - fried 2. Irregular Verbs Change partial of vowels Whole words changing No Past Tense Form ( ** spelling same sound different ) Sit – sat Sing – sang Write - wrote Swim - swam Go – went Fly – flew Put – put Cut – cut Hit – hit ** Read - read Circle the correct Past Tense 1. Her mother ___________ to the market by car this morning. A. go B. goes C. went D. going 2. The fishermen _________ a lot of fish last Sunday. A. catch B. catches C. caught D. catching 3. The cat _________ under the table just now. A. slept B. sleeping C. sleeps D. sleep 4. Pak Long __________ the newspaper this morning. A. reads B. reading C. read 5. My sister__________ to the radio a moment ago. A. listens B. listened C. listening D. listen 6. Khatijah did not ____________ to school yesterday. A. cycling B. cycles C. cycled D. cycle Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 11
  • 12. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 7. The children ________the tables and chairs yesterday morning. A. arrange B. arranges C. arranged D. arranging 8. The stray dogs _________ loudly last night. A. bark B. barks C. barked D. barking 9. I _______ the television programme until very late last night. A. watch B. watching C. watched D. watches 10. Lily and her brother ________their grandparents two years ago. A. visited B. visit C. visits D. visiting Find and circle the Verbs from the passage. Rewrite the paragraphs with Simple Past Tense Every Sunday, I play skateboard with my friends in the playground. It is a fine day, there are many children at there. My friends and I bring along our skateboards. We usually play for two hours. As we play, we joke and laugh happily. It is fun to have an outdoor activity with friends during weekends. Last Sunday, __________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 12
  • 13. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ (c) Simple Future Tense Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 13
  • 14. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 14
  • 15. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 15
  • 16. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES (d) Present Continuous Tense Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 16
  • 17. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 1. Tells about an action is going on at the time of speaking Eg : I am cycling to school now. My mother is cooking at the moment. 2. The Verb changes to ‘Verb + ing’ – For eg : play + ing = playing 3. Subject Verb Agreement is on the Verb-to-Be ( is, am, are ); to indicate Singular or Plural nouns. Subject Verb-to-Be Actual Verb Object/adverb/prepositional phrase Time I am doing my homework now. We are singing loudly at the concert now. He is reading in the library now. Miss Lim is trimming her plants carefully in the garden now. The boys are playing football happily in the field now. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 17
  • 18. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 18
  • 19. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES The infinitive ‘to’ functions as ‘linking word’ to join 2 verbs in a sentence : Subject Verb 1 Infinitive ‘to’ Verb 2 Object/adjective/adverb/Prepositional phrase I want to see the pupils . My aunt loves to cook chicken curry. Mr Wong likes to read novels during her free time. She forgets to do her homework. It started to rain heavily when we walked home. They help to wash their father’s car. The cats likes to eat fish and meat. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 19 5
  • 20. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 6. Gerund It is a ‘verb’ which function as a ‘noun’ in a sentence. So it is called a ‘Noun- Verb’ too. For examples : Interest / Hobby Verb = action words Nouns ( Hobby ) Bake Baking ( cakes / cookies ) Cook Cooking ( curry, Indian food, etc ) Read Reading ( books, magazines, etc ) Paint Painting ( scenery, portrait, etc ) Draw Drawing Swim Swimming Sing / dance Singing / dancing Sew / knit Sewing / knitting Collect Collecting ( stamps, coins, etc ) Cycle Cycling Play Playing ( football, badminton, ec ) ( congkak, scrabble, etc ) ( piano, violin, guitar, etc ) ( computer games, games) Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 20
  • 21. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES ( A ) Read and match Playing computer game Reading and drawing Stamps collecting Fishing and swimming Knitting and sewing Watching television & Listening to Radio Baking and cooking Gardening & Catching butterflies ( B ) Spelling Quiz ( Hobbies ) 1. My mother enjoys preparing food for us.________________ 2. My grandfather has many beautiful bonsai.______________ 3. My aunt sews a pretty dress for my sister._______________ 4. I enjoy watching the cartoon every Sunday._____________ 5. Mei Lin goes to the library every weekend.______________ Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 21
  • 22. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 6. My father sometimes spends his free time at the nearby pond. ________________ 6. Adjectives Words which are used to describe objects, people, animals, plants and others Sheila has a house. big beautiful wooden opinion Size & shape material Sheila has a beautiful big wooden house. OpSHACOM opinion Size & shape Age colour origin material Adjectives of the same type should be separated by “and” Eg: She wore a red and white hat. She carries a big black handbag. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 22
  • 23. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Underline the ADJECTIVES in these sentences 1. A berry is a small fruit with seeds. 2. A plum is a fleshy fruit. 3. A watermelon has red or yellow flesh. 4. A coconut tree produces hard shelled fruit. 5. The durian has a strong smell. 6. Cactus has thick stem. 7. A bamboo has smooth woody stems. 8. An ixora is a bushy plant. 9. A dragon fruit is juicy and fleshy.. 10. The big broad leaves of a banana plant can be used to wrap ‘nasi lemak’. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 23
  • 24. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES Comparison of Adjectives POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE 1. No difference between two. 2.No changing in Adjectives. 3.Using : ( as ~ as ) Eg: Ali is as tall as I. 1.There is a difference between two. 2. Add “er” / “ more” to Adjectives. Eg: taller / more hardworking 3.Some irregular Adjectives : better, worse, less, etc 4. Using : ( ~ than ) Eg : Ali is taller than Siti. 1. Compare three or more than that 2. Always “talk” about the ONLY one. 3. Add “est” / “most” to Adjectives. Eg: tallest / most hardworking 4. Some irregular Adjectives : best, worst, least, etc. 5. Using : (…the ~) Eg: Muthu is the tallest in Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 24
  • 25. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES our class. Circle the correct answers 1. The watermelon is ( heavier , heavy , heaviest ) than an orange. 2. The banana leaves are ( broad , broader , broadest ) than the canna leaves. 3. Long beans are ( long , longer , longest ) than the French beans. 4. The jackfruits is the ( large , larger , largest ) among the three fruits. 5. The oil palm is ( short , shorter , shortest ) than the coconut palm. 6. Which is the ( small , smaller , smallest ) fruit among the three; pineapple, orange and longan ? 7. Which is ( juicy , juicier , juiciest ), a watermelon or a honey dew melon? 8. May is the ( beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful ) girl in her family. 9. He promised to be ( careful , more careful , most careful ) in his work. 10. Jane got the ( few , less , least ) marks in her class. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 25
  • 26. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 11. If you need ( much , more , most ) money, ask me. 12. Jolene is ( good , better , best ) than her brother. 13. My house is the ( far , further , furthest ) from my school. 14. The fish curry tastes as ( bad , worse , worst ) as the mutton curry. 15. Who is ( important , more important , most important ), a farmer or a teacher ? 16. This is the ( difficult , more difficult , most difficult ) test that I have ever answered. Rewrite the sentences with correct ADJECTIVES 1. Chong Beng is the tall boy in his class. __________________________________________________ 2. These apples are sweet than those. ___________________________________________________ 3. Mei Feng can run as faster as her brother. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 26
  • 27. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES _____________________________________________________ 4. Which story is interesting, this one or that one? _____________________________________________________ 5. Melissa is the pretty of the three girls. _____________________________________________________ 6. My father is two year young than my mother. ___________________________________________________ 7. Veloo is not as cleverest as his brother, Muthu. ___________________________________________________ 8. This is the easy way to get to the top of the hill. ___________________________________________________ 9. I can sing and dance good than my best friend. ___________________________________________________ 10. The path in the park is broad than the lane behind my house. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 27
  • 28. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES ___________________________________________________ 7. SIMILES ( i ) Read some examples in the table below 1. as agile as a cat / monkey 2. as big as an elephant 3. as bitter as medicine 4. as blind as a bat 5. as black as coal 6. as brave as a lion 7. as clumsy as a bear 8. as busy as a bee 9. as cool as a cucumber 10. as faithful as a dog 11. as graceful as a swan 12. as green as grass 13. as happy as a lark / a king 如描或猴般灵活 如大象般庞大 如药般苦 如蝙蝠般盲目 如碳般黑 如狮子般勇敢 如熊般笨拙 如蜜蜂般忙碌 如黄瓜般清凉 如狗般忠诚 如天鹅般优雅 如青草般翠绿 Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 28
  • 29. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 14. as hard as iron 15. as heavy as lead 16. as hot as an oven 17. as light as a feather 18. as hungry as a wolf 19. as proud as a peacock 20. as slippery as an eel 21. as slow as a snail / tortoise 22. as soft as silk / butter 23. as sour as vinegar 24. as stubborn as a mule 25. as smell as an ant 26. as sweet as honey / sugar 27. as timid as a mouse 如百灵鸟或国王般快乐 如铁般坚硬 如铅般重 如烤箱般酷热 如羽毛般轻盈 如 狼般饥饿 如孔雀般骄傲 如鳝鱼般滑溜 如蜗牛或乌龟般缓慢 如丝绸或牛油般柔滑 如醋般酸 如骡子般固执 如蚂蚁般细小 如蜜糖或糖般甜 胆小如鼠 (ii) Choose the SIMILES to complete the sentences below 1. The water in the pool is __________, so I don’t want to swim in it. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 29
  • 30. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES A. as cool as a cucumber C. as cold as ice B. as wet as a fish D. as clear as crystal 2. My mother is ___________a bee before the Chinese New Year . A. as busy as C. as happy as B. as graceful as D. as heavy as 3. The flag pole in front of my school is ____________________ . A. as green as grass C. as tall as a giant B. as warm as wool D. as proud as a peacock 4. He looked __________________ after sunbathing at the beach. A. as sweet as honey C. as soft as butter B. as brown as a berry D. as thin as a rake 5. All the clothes outside became _________ after the rain poured. A. as wet as a fish C. as hot as fire B. as black coal D. as white as snow 6. The stick was ________________ an iron. He could not break it. Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 30
  • 31. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES A. as easy as C. as big as B. as loud as D. as hard as 7. The children were afraid of Mr. Muthu. He was ______________. A. as fierce as a tiger C. as strong as a bull B. as quick as lightning D. as wise as an owl 8. The woodcutter’s axe is ____________________ a razor. A. as agile as C. as new as B. as blunt as D. as sharp 9. Mr. John’s house was built many years ago. It is ____________ . A. as quiet as a mouse C. as slow as a snail B. as old as the hill D. as big as a giant 10. Leela is the best dancer in the troupe. She dances _________. A. as graceful as a swan C. as happy as a lark B. as quick as a deer D. as clumsy as a bear Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 31
  • 32. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 8. Adverbs Words which are used to describe actions Frequenc y always often usually sometime seldom Types of Adverbs : Sample Sentences : Manner Place Time quickly slowly hungrily beautifully fast field canteen market home school 1. I always play congkak with my best friend. 2. Mary sang beautifully / sweetly at the concert. 3. We play football in the field. 4. I cycle to school every morning. / every day every day yesterday just now now last week Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 32
  • 33. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES ( A ) Match the Verbs to Adverbs to form Adverbial Phrases VERBS 1. write 2. sit 3. rain 4. shout 5. smile 6. read 7. shine 8. wait ADVERBS ADVERBIAL PHRASES comfortably neatly angrily quietly brightly patiently heavily broadly Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 33
  • 34. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES ( B ) Rewrite the sentences with correct ADVERBS 1. The pupils read quiet in the library. ____________________________________________________________ 2. The beggar ate the food hungry at the table. ____________________________________________________________ 3. My pet cat lies lazy on the floor. ___________________________________________________________ 4. The children jumped happy with joy when they heard the good news. ___________________________________________________________ Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 34
  • 35. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 5. Kok Liang was sad because he did bad in the examination. ____________________________________________________________ 9. Prepositions Prep. Usage Example on · days of the week · date on Monday on 12 July 2012 in · months / seasons · time of day · year · after a certain period of time (when?) in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour at · for night / noon · for weekend · a certain point of time(when?) at night / at noon at the weekend at half past nine for · over a certain period of time (past till now) -for 2 years in · room, building, street, town, country · book, paper etc. · car, taxi · picture, world -in the kitchen, in London -in the book -in the car, in a taxi -in the picture, in the world at · meaning next to, by an object · for table -at the door, at the station -at the table -at a concert, at the party -at the cinema, at school, at work Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 35
  • 36. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES · for events · place where you are to do something typical on · attached · for a place with a river · being on a surface · for a certain side (left, right) · for a floor in a house · for public transport · for television, radio -the picture on the wall -London lies on the Thames. -on the table -on the left -on the first floor -on the bus, on a plane -on TV, on the radio on · walking or riding · entering a public transport vehicle -on foot, on horseback -get on the bus in entering a car / Taxi -get in the car by · rise or fall of something · travelling (other than walking or horse riding) -prices have risen by 10 percent by car, by bus Choose the BEST preposition to match each picture shown 1. buys a racquet ( at, in, from ) the shop bought the racquet ( in , at, from ) the shopkeeper Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 36
  • 37. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 2. buy ducks ( in, at, from ) the stall sells ducks ( at, to, for ) the customers 3. sing ( in, on, at ) the stage perform ( on, at, in ) the hall 4. reads ( down, below, under ) the tree 5. fell ( down, from, onto ) the chair 6. get ( in, on, up ) the bus board ( -, up, on ) the bus 7. barked ( to, at, on ) the stranger Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 37
  • 38. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES afraid ( with, of, to ) the dog 8. fly ( on, at, in ) the sky 9. put ( off, out, away ) the fire sprayed the water ( on, onto, at ) the building 10. David’s father works as a doctor _____________ . A. in a bank B. in an office C. in a drug store D. in the hospital 11. My mother prefers to exercise on __________ . A. the jogging tracks B. the lane C. the road D. her treadmill Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 38
  • 39. SJKC KULAI ( 1 ) GRAMMAR – NOTES & PRACTICES 12. Put the meat _______ and serve it hot. A. in a glass B. in the jar C. on a plate D. in a mug 10) Conjunctions Prepared by:slyong/sjckulai1/2014 Page 39