Graphics pipeline and rendering
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This document discusses 3D rendering and the graphics pipeline. It begins with an introduction and overview of the topics to be covered. It then proceeds to explain each stage of the graphics pipeline in detail, from the 3D modeling stage through vertex shading, projection, clipping, rasterization, and pixel shading. Different rendering techniques like radiosity and ray tracing are also introduced and compared. The document emphasizes that rendering is the process of converting a 3D scene into a 2D pixel image displayed on screen. It encourages students to complete a worksheet on rendering and the graphics pipeline, and provides a video tutorial and exercise on rendering textured 3D objects.
Graphics pipeline and rendering
- 1. 3D modelling Rendering & the graphics pipeline
- 2. Last week What did we do in last weeks 3D modelling lesson?
- 3. This week You will be learning about rendering & the graphics pipeline.
- 4. By the end of today you MUST understand what rendering is SHOULD be able to explain what the graphics pipeline is COULD produce some high quality renders of your game
- 5. Recap Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 6. Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 7. Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 8. Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 9. Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 10. Real or Fake – shout out the answers
- 11. Real or Fake Real life object 3D renders
- 12. Today we’re going to look at the graphics pipeline & rendering
- 13. The graphics pipeline is how we take a 3D world…. And turn it into a 2D image displayed on a screen (gameplay),
- 14. Graphics pipeline Is the series of processes the computer goes through converting the 3D game world into a 2D image on your screen. From this…. To this….
- 15. Graphics pipeline We call this process of turning a 3D model into a 2D image “rendering” From this…. To this….
- 16. Every process has stages… Texturing
- 17. 1. Application
- 18. 2. Vertex shaders Vertex shaders work out where each vertex is on the model in X, Y & Z co-ordinates. . Don’t be confused by the word shader here… think about the vertex
- 19. Projection Now we know what the objects shapes are, we need to figure out what our camera is looking at in the scene. This is called projection.
- 20. Clipping Now we know what’s going to be on our screen (what the cameras looking at) we can get rid of anything that’s outside of the cameras view, clearing up memory.
- 21. 4. Rasterization We must now convert the 3D vector shapes (made of mathematical co-ordinates) in our cameras view (its frustrum) into a 2D raster image (an image made up of pixels). We call this rasterizing
- 22. But why do we need to convert our 3D world to a pixel based image? The cameras screen is made up of pixels! Its how it displays images.
- 23. Pixel shaders Pixel shaders now set the value for each pixel on the screen. The value work out how the object looks close up; how it reflects or absorbs light, its colour and its bump map.
- 24. Pixel shaders & Texturing The texture file being held in the computers memory is applied to the object in this stage of the pipeline
- 25. At the end of the pipeline we now have our rendered image on screen This will change twice a second for 60FPS games….
- 26. There are different types of rendering Radiosity Calculates how light bounces off objects within the scene, leading to soft shadows and diffuse lighting Ray tracing Calculates the path of a light beam, leading to good reflections and sharp shadows
- 27. There are different types of rendering Notice the difference in shadows and light reflection and absorption
- 29. Render engines are the part of the software that powers the process of rendering.
- 30. Blender has 2 render engines
- 31. Blender Render versus Cycles
- 32. Which produces better looking images?
- 33. Blender Render versus Cycles Cycles renders look better; they are higher quality and more photo-realistic BUT it takes the program much longer to render each image.
- 34. Lets look at Cycles in action…
- 35. Today Working alone, fill in the worksheet “Rendering & the graphics pipeline – worksheet”. You can find this on Moodle. Submit this to the Moodle assignment “Rendering worksheet” AFTER you have done this watch the video tutorial on rendering and render some textured primitives.
- 36. Whole class feedback Render out a textured image of your chair. Put it on the screen for others to see.