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Group D BSBA 3-A_Gender & Society_Module 4_report_powerpoint presentation
- 1. Module 4 Political-Legal Perspective in Genderand Sexuality Reporter : Gladys Regoya Contributor : Darell Rose Olayer
- 2. Introduction in 1995, theBeijing Platform for Action (BPA) dentified violence against as one of twelve areas of concern. It defines violence against women as enmrrvassing but not limited to physical, sexual and psychdogical violence occurring in the family (wife battering and incest) or within the general community (rape and sexual or condoned by the state (military and sexualized torture). As a signatory state to BPA, the Philippine state is tasked to elimnate VAW (Violence against Women) by adopting certain strategies that should start with the institutionalization of a gender perspective in all policies and programs to ensure that decisions made had considered their effects on and women. 2 Based on the report provided by Philippine NGO Beijng +10 Re-iMt (2005), the executive, judicial and legislative branches of government have begun to deliver on their commitment to address issues of violence against women. These can be reflected in the VAW related laws (Anti-Rape Law, AntiSexual Harassment Act and Anti- violence against Women and their Chilcfen) that had been enacted.
- 3. Lesson 1 Anti-Violence againstWomen and their Children Act 3
- 4. In an answerto the prevalent form of abuse which is wife battering and also with the government's obligation to the UNCEDAW. Congress had passed the VAWC Act of 2004. The law protects the rights of the women and children from possible abuse and it had also stipulated the four acts of violence. Introduction
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- 6. Human Rights andGender Based Violence The United Nations defines Human Rights as “rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race. Sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status”. These rights indude the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, and many others. Every person in the world is entitled to enjoy these rights without any form of discrimination. Gender-based violence violates several women rights such as the right to life, the right to equal protection undern the law, freedom from torture, degrading and cruel treatment, the right to equality in the family and also the right to the highest standard attainable of physical and mental health. 6
- 7. 7 It is aspecial law, otherwise known as Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004 (Anti-VAWC), which penalizes as a public crime certain acts of violence against women and children. The law was signed last March 8, 2004. It took effect on March 27 Republic Act 9262
- 8. 8 “Violence against womenand their children” (VAWC) is any act or a series of acts committed against the victim which result in or is likely to result in physical, sexual, psychological harm or suffering, or economic abuse including threats of such acts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment, arbitrary deprivation of liberty. Violence against Women and their Children
- 9. 9 Children victims protectedunder RA 9262 “Childrens” means the abused wornan’s children, boy or alike, below 18 years old, whether legitimate or illegitimate; or other children who live with the woman or are under her care. Women victims protected under RA 9262 a. wife; or b. former wife; or c. a woman with whom the offender has or had a sexual or dating relationships; or d. a woman with whom the offender has a common child;
- 10. The "Offender" Liablefor RA 9262 The following can be held liable for violation ot RA 9262: a. husband; b. former husband; c. boyfriend: d. Ex-boyfriend; e. live-in partner or ex-partner f. one with the woman has a common child; g. one with whom the woman has/had sexual dating relationship A Woman be held Liable for Violation of RA 9262? A lesbian partner/girtfriend or ex-lesbian partner/girlfriend can also be held liable for committing act or a series of acts against another woman with the lesbian has or had a sexual or dating relationship; 10
- 11. TYPES OF VIOLATIONAGAINST WOMEN There are two umbrella terms for violation against women; Sexual violence and physical violence. While all anti-women violence is related to their gender, all VAW occurs because of the disproportionate view concerning the worth of women. Sexual violence strikes when women are perceived to be biologically different from men, which also serves as a basis for gender roles. 11
- 12. Physical Violence The mostdetectable form of VAW is physical violence. It involves causing physical or bodily harm against another person. Psychological Violence Psychological force or violence involves causing harm to a victim through the use of emotional manipulation, resulting in mental suffering. Some forms of psychological violence include constant putting-down of a woman, diminishing her value because of her role, or judging how she acts or what she does. 12
- 13. Economic Abuse orViolence Economic abuse is deprivation of a woman’s independence. This form of abuse can be realized through explicit acts such as denying worm the right to use property or materials that are legally hers, her things, solely controlling her money or property, or threatening to her of financial support. More subtle forms of economic abuse involve the removal of support from one’s partner having her father, spouse, or relative disallow her from participating in the labor market; or stopping her from creating her own income generating project. 13
- 14. Sexual Violence Sexual violenceis defined as the forcing of unwanted sexual acts upon a person. It is not limited to the act of copulation; any act that sexual in nature can be considered sexual violence. Sexual violence ranges from rape, incest, sexual abuse of children, to sexual of women and children. Molestation and the attacking or unwanted touching of a woman’s private parts are included in this defhition. 14
- 15. Protection Order A protectionorder is an order issued under RA 9262 for the purpose of preventing further act of violence against a woman or a child specified in Section 5 the law and granting other necessary relief. Protection Orders Issued under RA 9262? The following protection orders may be issued accordingly: a. Barangay Protection Order (BPO), issued by the Punong Barangay, or in his or her absence. Any available Barangay Kagawad, It is effective within fifteen (15) days. B. Temporary Protectin Order (TPO). Issued by the court and is effective thirty (30) days. C. Permanent Protection Order (PPO). Issued by the court after notice and hearing. 15
- 16. Anti-sexual harassment law MODULE 4 LESSON2 Group D Reporter: Blanila, Keith Nicole Contributor: Tapic, Antoniette Joy
- 17. INTRODUCTION The Anti-Sexual HarassmentAct of 1995 has been considered as a landmark legislation as it finally gave a name and legal recognition to unwelcome sexual advances (Philippine Commission on Women, 2014) Sexual harassment (SH) and other forms of sexual violence in public spaces is an everyday occurrence for women and girls around the world. It is a social issue that is deeply rooted in power relations between men and women, and underlies the view that women are still deemed as sex objects and the “weaker sex”. 17
- 18. What is sexualharassment? The Philippines’ Anti-Sexual Harassment Law of 1995 defines sexual harassment as the demand of a sexual act or favor in an institution, wherein the person who demands the act is in moral ascendancy or influence over the person being solicited. It is considered harassment regardless of whether or not the victim agrees to partake in the act. 18
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- 23. The crime ofgender-based sexual harassment in the workplace includes the following: 23
- 24. An act orseries of acts involving any unwelcome sexual advances, requests or demand for sexual favors or any act of sexual nature, whether done verbally, physically or through the use of technology such as text messaging or electronic mail or through any other forms of information and communication systems, that has or could have a detrimental effect on the conditions of an individual’s employment or education, job performance or opportunities; 24
- 25. A conduct ofsexual nature and other conduct-based on sex affecting the dignity of a person, which is unwelcome, unreasonable, and offensive to the recipient, whether done verbally, physically or through the use of technology such as text messaging or electronic mail or through any other forms of information and communication systems;
- 26. A conduct thatis unwelcome and pervasive and creates an intimidating, hostile or humiliating environment for the recipient: Provided, That the crime of gender-based sexual harassment may also be committed between peers and those committed to a superior officer by a subordinate, or to a teacher by a student, or to a trainer by a trainee 26
- 27. 27 Information and communicationsystem refers to a system for generating, sending, receiving, storing or otherwise processing electronic data messages or electronic documents and includes the computer system or other similar devices by or in which data are recorded or stored and any procedure related to the recording or storage of electronic data messages or electronic documents.
- 28. gender-based streets andpublic spaces sexual harassment 28
- 29. catcalling, wolf-whistling, unwanted invitations,misogynistic, transphobic, homophobic and sexist slurs, persistent uninvited comments or gestures on a person’s appearance, relentless requests for personal details, statement of sexual comments and suggestions, public masturbation or flashing of private parts, groping, or any advances, whether verbal or physical. 29
- 30. “ “Promote a harassment-free environmentboth at the workplace and within the union,” 30
- 31. Module 4 Lesson 3 GroupD Rezel Mae Amante Raimond Dwight Icdang Ryan Jake Villacura
- 32. "Among the dutiesassumed by the husband are his duties to love, cherish, and protect his wife, to give her a home, to provide her with the comforts and the necessities of life within his means, to treat her kindly and not cruelly or inhumanely. He is bound to honor her; it is his duty not only to maintain and support her, but also to protect her from oppression and wrong." - Bienvenido Reyes Supreme Court Associate Justice
- 33. RAPE is aninherent violent crime that results in physical, social, emotional and psychological harm. What is RAPE?
- 34. Image Presentation The PhilippineNational Police recorded an increasing trend of reported rape cases from 2011 to 2015, with 832 cases in the year 2011 to 2,010 cases in the year 2014. This slightly decreased to 1,986 in 2015. Reported rape cases ranked second among the cases of violence against women. The same increasing trend is shown for cases of attempted rape with 201 reports in 2011 to 677 reports in 2015. Cases of incestuous rape average at 30 reports per year for the past five years. “Rape remains a prevalen t social problem”
- 35. What is RAPEand how is rape committed? Republic Act No. 8353, known as the Anti-Rape Law of 1997, expanded the definition of the crime of rape and re-classified it as a crime against persons. Previously, it was classified as a crime against chastity, and belonged to the group of crimes that include adultery, concubinage, acts of lasciviousness, seduction, corruption of minors and white slave trade. As a crime against persons, the law no longer considers it as a private crime. Anyone who has knowledge of the crime may file a case on the victim's behalf. Prosecution continues even if the victim drops the case or pardons the offender.
- 36. 1. A manhas sexual intercourse with a woman: Through force, threat or intimidation; When the victim is deprived of reason or is unconscious; Through fraudulent machination or grave abuse of authority; and When the victim is under 12 years of age or is demented, even if none of the above conditions are present. 2. Any person who, under any of the above conditions, commits an act of sexual assault through oral or anal sex or by inserting an instrument or object into the anal or genital orifice of another person. Rape is committed under the following circumstances:
- 37. In the Philippines,there are two (2) laws enacted that directly address rape namely: • R.A. 8353: The Anti-Rape Law of 1997 • R.A. 8505: The Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998 What are the laws relating to rape and what are the penalties for perpetrators under these laws?
- 38. R.A. 8505: The RapeVictim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998 The Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998, establishes rape crisis centers in every province and municipality, to provide counseling, free legal assistance and ensure the privacy and safety of rape survivors. Through this bill, support services will be extended to other survivors of violence such as trafficked, prostituted, physically abused, exploited women and children. It also tasks government to train law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawyers, medico-legal officers, social workers and barangay officials on human rights and responsibilities, gender sensitivity and legal management of rape cases. The DSWD is convening an inter-agency committee for the implementation of the law.
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- 40. RAPE - isdefined as forced or coerced penetration of the vulva or anus using a penis, body parts, or an object. Rape is considered rape even if the penetration is minimal. ATTEMPTED RAPE - is an unsuccessful rape. It is an attempt to have sexual intercourse with another person without that person's consent where no sexual penetration occurs. GANG RAPE - if more than one individual commits rape on any one person SEXUAL VIOLENCE - assaulting other sexual organs including forced contact between sex organs or the mouth and penis, vulva, or anus. MARITAL RAPE - includes acts that are covered by rape, although it occurs between married couples. Different Forms of RAPE (Rodriguez, 2019)
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- 42. THANK YOU Sources ofImages 1st Slide https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/punjab-man-booked-for-rape-after-minor-girl-gives-birth- 6585964/ 2nd Slide http://www.bayanmall.org/blog/filipino-wedding-traditions https://www.westend61.de/en/imageView/CAVF89562/husband-tenderly-hugging-long-haired-wife-from- behind https://www.cosmopolitan.com/sex-love/a26039209/forehead-kiss-meaning/ 3rd Slide https://www.dailypioneer.com/2020/trending-news/bollywood-demands-justice-for-gang-rape-victim-in- hathras.html https://www.gulftoday.ae/news/2020/02/14/asian-jailed-for-life-for-running-brothel-in-abu-dhabi https://filipiknow.net/weird-laws-in-the-philippines/ https://ntkweinor.medium.com/rape-victim-public-opinion-vrs-the-rapist-the-story-of-mr-isaac-kyei-andoh- 50e8d2440262 4th Slide https://edition.cnn.com/2019/12/03/asia/india-hyderabad-rape-intl-hnk/index.html http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-12/30/content_507972.htm https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/09/01/18/no-laughing-matter-rape-a-crime-human-rights-violation-says- commission-on-women 9th Slide https://ndvlaw.com/marital-rape-can-a-husband-be-liable-for-rape-committed-against-his-wife/ 11th Slide https://mahfouzadedimeji.com/2020/06/25/action-against-rape-the-starting-point/ Group D Module 4 Lesson 3 Anti-Rape Law PRESENTOR: Ryan Jake Villacura CONTRIBUTOR/ S Raimond Dwight Icdang Rezel Mae Amante BSBA 3A