Groupwork Chapter Two for Working with Groups
- 1. SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE WITH GROUPS CHAPTER II Instructor: NOVO JOSE R. NICART
- 3. DEFINITIONS Social Group work is a method through which individual in groups in social agency settings are helped by a worker who guides their interaction in program activities so that they may relate themselves to other and experience growth opportunity in accordance with their needs and capacities to the end of the individuals, group and community development. (Trecker H.) Social group work is a method of social work which helps individuals to enhance their social functioning through purposeful group experience and to cope more effectively with their personal group community problem. - Konokpa (1963) We see social group work is a process and method through which group life is affected by a worker who consciously directs the interaction process towards the accomplishment of goals which in our contrary are conceived in a democratic frame of reference. - Wilson and Rayland (1949)
- 4. CONCEPTS IN WORKING WITH GROUPS A group is the interaction of a collection of human beings. All groups are alike and all are different. All groups have a purpose, not necessarily conscious, which is expressed in the substance of the interaction. All groups originate either as “psyche” or “socio” groups; the first drawn together for purposes of personal satisfaction and the second, because of an external educational interest or common task. All groups experience conflict and exercise controls-the equilibrium or homeostasis of the group.
- 5. CONCEPTS IN WORKING WITH GROUPS All groups have two kinds of structure: (a) interpersonal relationships seen as the process of acceptance creates isolates, pairs, and triangles; and (b) division of labor through which roles are assigned to “get things done.” 7. A “concept” may be defined as an abstract idea of universal significance. All groups use a decision-making process based on elimination, subjugation, compromise, integration, or combinations thereof. All groups reflect the social status system of the community and create one of their own in its decision-making processes. All groups develop morale or esprit de corps which distinguishes each from all others. All groups tend to develop traditions.
- 6. SOCIAL WORK ROLES IN WORKING WITH GROUPS Enabler Broker Advocate Activist Mediator Negotiator Educator Initiator Empowered Co-coordinator Facilitator Communicator and Interpreter
- 7. TECHNIQUES Knows the name of each individual in a group and addresses him according to the accepted way in his culture (not always by first name or with title, but in the way which he expects). Is able to discuss matters of interest to the members’ daily life, not just the affairs of the group. Considers the schedule established by his group as important as any other obligation. Is the first one to arrive at the meeting, in order to observe who comes with whom, who sits with whom, who agrees with whom, in order to identify subgroups. Gives socio-metric tests. Uses buzz sessions to secure more participation in activity.
- 8. TECHNIQUES Uses blackboard (or helps the group’s leader to use it) as a method of helping groups keep on the subject in a discussion. Uses visual aids. Arranges chairs in a circle. Stimulates new interest by exhibits. Uses role-playing.
- 9. NATURE OF GROUPS 1. common motives and goals; 2. an accepted division of labor; 3. established status relationships; 4. accepted norms and values with reference to matters relevant to the group; and 5. the development of accepted sanctions, such as raise and punishment, when norms were respected or violated.
- 10. CLASSIFICATION OF GROUP PRIMARY GROUP By primary groups he/she meant the intimate, personal, ‘face-to-face’ groups. For example, our companions and comrades, the members of our family and our daily associates may come under this category.
- 11. CLASSIFICATIONS OF GROUPS SECONDARY GROUP A secondary group is a relatively larger group composed of impersonal and goal-oriented relationships, which are often temporary. Formal organisations described as secondary groups Personal intimacy and face-to-face relationships are altogether absent in these secondary groups.
- 12. CLASSIFICATIONS OF GROUPS IN-GROUP AND OUT-GROUP The groups with which an individual identifies him/herself completely are his/her in-groups. He/she has feelings of attachment, sympathy and affection towards the members of these groups. He/she uses the word ‘we’ with reference to these groups. Family is a familiar example of in-group for most of the individuals. An out-group, on the other hand, is defined by an individual with reference to his/her in-group. He/she uses the word ‘they’ or ‘other’ with reference to his/her out-groups. The relationship of an individual to his/her out-group is marked by a sense of remoteness or detachment and sometimes even of hostility.
- 13. CLASSIFICATIONS OF GROUPS REFERENCE GROUP A reference group may not be an actual group. It may even be an imaginary one. Any group is a reference group for someone if his conception of it, which may or may not be realistic, is part of his frame of reference for assessment of himself or of his situation. The concept of reference group may be explained thus: In some situations we conform not to the norms of the groups to which we actually belong but rather to those of the groups to which we should like to belong, those with which we would like to be identified.
- 14. CLASSIFICATIONS OF GROUPS VOLUNTARY GROUPS AND INVOLUNTARY GROUPS There are some groups we join on our own. These are voluntary groups of which we choose to become members. There are some groups of which we are members because we have to. We have no choice in the matter .These are involuntary groups.
- 15. CLASSIFICATIONS OF GROUPS LARGE GROUP AND SMALL GROUP Groups may also be classified on the basis of the number of members composing the group. A large groups is obviously a group comprising a large number of members and small group a group of limited number of members. Dyad or a group consisting of a pair- mother and child, a married couple, a partnership of two, etc. Triad or a group comprising three persons. And the third is a group comprising more than three persons. This kind of group is further sub-divided into large and small depending on the number of persons who comprise the group.
- 16. REFERENCES Social Group Work-Concept,definition and meaning retrieved from https://www.socialworkin.com/2019/11/social-group-work- concept-definition-meaning.html Social Group Work Theory and Practice retrieved from https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/social-work/social-group-work- theory-and-practice/ Nature of groups retrieved from https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Sociology/Introduction_to_Sociology/Book%3A_Sociology_(Boundless)/06%3A_So cial_Groups_and_Organization/6.01%3A_Types_of_Social_Groups/6.1A%3A_The_Nature_of_Groups#:~:text=Key%20Points- ,A%20social%20group%20exhibits%20some%20degree%20of%20social%20cohesion%20and,kinship%20ties%2C%20among %20other%20factors. Classification of group retrieved from https://www.sociologydiscussion.com/social-groups/social-groups-meaning-nature-and- classification/2808 Social Groups: The Meaning, Characteristics, Classification and other details retrieved from https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/society/social-groups-the-meaning-characteristics-classification-and-other-details-7041- words/8510 Social work roles retrieved from https://www.owlgen.in/discuss-the-social-group-workers-role-in-group-process/
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