GSM Based Device Controlling and Fault Detection

© 2016, IJCERT All Rights Reserved Page | 173
International Journal of Computer Engineering In Research Trends
Volume 3, Issue 4, April-2016, pp. 173-178 ISSN (O): 2349-7084
GSM Based Device Controlling and Fault
Detection
1. INTRODUCTION
In this paper embedded systems and its operations
are controlled by intelligent software inside the
Microcontroller. The aim of the paper is to control
i.e. ON/OFF the electrical or electronic appliances
connected to this system from anywhere in the
world. Any Mobile can be used for this purpose.
This way it overcomes the limited range of IR and
radio remote controls. By the use of SMS, this
project lets you remotely control equipment by
sending simple text messages, such as
ST100,ST111,ST 1 all of the commands which can be
already programmed into the microcontroller and
easily remembered by the user. It can control up to
eight external electrical devices. Short Message
Service (SMS) is defined as a text-based service that
accepts up to 160 characters to be sent from one
mobile phone to another mobile phone. In a similar
vein to email, messages are stored and forwarded to
an SMS center, allowing messages to be read later if
you are not immediately available to receive them.
SMS messages travel through the low-speed control
channel of the mobile network. "Texting", as its also
known, is a convenient and fast way of
communicating. SMS has taken on a life of its own,
spawning a complete new shorthand language that
is being adopted as the norm rapidly.
Technology Used
As microcontrollers, the center of today's advanced
circuit plan in the industry, this framework utilizes
it for the computerized preparing and brought
together operation. Cellular telephones and the
Dr. P.V. Rama Raju1
, K.S.S. Phani Kumar2
, Y. Guna Teja3
, K. Bhargav4
, T.V.K. Prasanna5
1
Prof., Dept. of ECE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. pvrraju50@gmail.com
2
B.E Student, Dept. of ECE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. kadaliphani192@gmail.com
3
B.E Student, Dept. of ECE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. gunateja100@gmail.com
4
B.E Student, Dept. of ECE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. bhargavkumbha200@gmail.com
5
B.E Student, Dept. of ECE, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. prasannatangirala3@gmail.com
Abstract:-The mobile communication has expanded to a great extent such that it can be applied for controlling of
electrical devices. These projects make use of this capability of mobile phone to control three electrical devices with
some use of embedded technology which can be extended up to eight devices. Apart from controlling it also does the
sensing of the devices. Thus a user can be able to know of the status of the devices and in addition to that the user
get notified if any fault is detected. Here in the project controlling and sensing is done for three electrical devices
only. According to the user need both of this can be expanded.
Keywords - Device Control, GSM, Mobile Phone, Short Messaging Service (SMS), Fault Detection, Device
Status Monitor, Microcontroller, AT89C52
——————————  ——————————
Available online at: www.ijcert.org

Dr. P.V. Rama Raju et al., International Journal of Computer Engineering In Research Trends
Volume 3, Issue 4, April-2016, pp. 173-178
system they work under differ essentially from
supplier to supplier and from country to country.
Every one of them conveys through electromagnetic
radio waves with a cell site base station through the
reception apparatuses which are normally mounted
on a tower, shaft, or building. The phones have a
low-control handset that transmits data and voice to
the nearest cell sited, more often 0.5 to 10 miles
away. At the point when the information gadget or
PDA is turned on, it registers with the cell phone
trade, or switch, with its special identifiers, and
after that will be modified by the versatile switch
when there is an approaching phone call. The
handset consistently hunts down the most
grounded sign being gotten from the encompassing
base stations. As the user moves around the
network, the mobile will “handoff” to new cell sites.
Cell destinations have moderately low-control radio
transmitters which show their area and hand-off
interchanges between the versatile handsets and the
switch. The switch, thus, interfaces the call to
another supporter or client of the same remote
administration supplier or to the general population
phone system, which incorporates the systems of
different remote transporters. The dialog between
the cell site and the handset is a flood of
computerized information that incorporates
digitized sound. The innovation relies on upon the
framework which the cell telephone administrator
has embraced. A few innovations incorporate
AMPS for simple, TDMA, GPS, EV-DO, CDMA,
GSM and UMTS for computerized correspondences.
Every system administrator has a one of a kind
radio recurrence. The innovation utilized here is
installed innovation which is the fate of today's
cutting edge gadgets. Here a rapid Microcontroller
i.e. AT89C52is utilized which is a low-control,
superior CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with Flash
programmable memory of 8K bytes and erasable
read just memory (EPROM).
2. SYSTEM MODEL
Fig.1 Block diagram that shows the components
used and process of interchanging of commands
among them
3. COMPONENTS USED
3.1. MICROCONTROLLER AT89C52
The Microcontroller AT89C52 is a low-power, high-
performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with
erasable read only memory (EPROM) and 8K bytes
of flash programmable. The device is manufactured
using Atmel's high-density nonvolatile memory
technology and it is compatible with the industry-
standard 8052 and 8051 instruction set and pinout.
The on-chip Flash allows the program memory that
can be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional non-volatile memory programmer. By
combining a versatile eight bit CPU with Flash on a
monolithic chip, the AT89C52 is a powerful
microcomputer which provides a highly flexible
and economical solution to many embedded control
applications.
3.2. GSM SIM900A
GSM modem is a breakout board and minimum
system of SIM900 Quad-band/SIM900A Dual-band
GSM/GPRS module. SIM 900A modem can accept
any SIM card of a GSM network operator and act
just like a mobile phone with its own unique phone
number. With this module one can send/receive
SMS, connect to the internet via GPRS and receive
calls. The modem can either be connected to any

microcontroller or to PC serial port directly. It can
communicate with controllers via AT commands
(GSM 07.05 ,07.07 and SIMCOM enhanced AT
Commands). This module supports software power
on and reset.
3.3. MAX232 IC
The MAX232 is an integrated that converts signals
from a TIA-232 (RS-232) serial port to signals in TTL
compatible digital logic circuits. The MAX232 IC is a
dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX,
TX, RTS and CTS signals. The drivers give TIA-232
voltage level outputs (approx. ± 7.5 volts) from a
single five volt supply through external capacitors
and on-chip charge pumps. This makes it useful for
implementing TIA-232 in devices that do not need
any other voltage input. The receivers reduce TIA-
232 inputs, which may be as high as ± 25 volts, to
standard 5 volt TTL levels. These receivers have a
typical hysteresis of 0.5 volts and a typical threshold
of 1.3 volts.
3.4. 16x2 LCD LM016L
A 16x2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is very basic
electronics display module and is very commonly
used in various devices and circuits. These modules
are mostly preferred over seven segments and other
multi-segment LEDs. The reasons being LCDs are
easily programmable, economical, have no
limitation of displaying animations, special & even
custom characters (unlike in seven segments) and so
on. A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters
per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD,
every character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix.
This LCD has two registers, namely, Data and
Command. The data to be displayed on the LCD is
stored in the data register. The data is the ASCII
value of the character to be displayed on the LCD.
The command instructions given to the LCD are
stored in the command register. A command is an
instruction given to the LCD to do a predefined task
like initializing it, setting the cursor position,
clearing its screen, controlling display etc.
3.5. OPTO COUPLER 4N35
An Optocoupler, also known as a Photo-coupler or
Opto-isolator, is an electronic component that
interconnects two separate electrical circuits by use
of a light sensitive optical interface. The basic design
of an Optocoupler consists of an LED that produces
IR light and a semiconductor photosensitive device
that is used to detect the emitted IR beam. Both the
photo-sensitive device and LED are enclosed in a
light-tight body or package with metal legs for the
electrical connections. An Opto-isolator or
Optocoupler consists of a light emitter, the LED and
a light sensitive receiver which can be a single
phototransistor, photodiode, photoresistor, photo-
SCR, or a photo-TRIAC. Opto-isolators prevent
large voltages from affecting the signal receiving
system. Commercially available Opto-isolators have
voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs and
withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV.
3.6. CENTRAL TAPPED TRANSFORMER 12-0-
12V 750mA
A Centre Tapped transformer works in same way as
a usual transformer. The difference lies in just the
fact that the secondary winding consists of two
parts, so two individual voltages can be acquired
across the two line ends but the internal working is
the same, which is when an alternating current is
supplied to the primary winding of the transformer
it generates a magnetic flux in the core, and when
the secondary winding is brought near, an
alternating magnetic flux is also generated in the
secondary winding as the flux flows through the
ferromagnetic iron core and changes its direction for
every cycle of the alternating current. In this way,
an alternating current flow through the two halves
of the secondary winding of the center tapped
transformer and flows to the external circuit.
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig.2 Circuit Diagram
5. CIRCUIT WORKING
Commands send by the user from his mobile is first
received by the GSM. Since GSM has the RS232
interface for serial communication, in between the
microcontroller and GSM module MAX232 IC is
connected.MAX232 IC is used for converting the
logic levels. The RS232 logic levels of GSM are
converted to the TTL logic levels of the
microcontroller using this MAX232 IC and send to
microcontrollerAT89C52. According to the
commands send pins P2.0, P2.1, P2.2 of the
microcontroller are either enabled or disabled. For
example, if the command send is ST110 then P2.0,
P2.1 are enabled and P2.2 is disabled. These three
ports are given to three relays used to switch the
devices respectively as shown in circuit design.
Thus according to the command send the devices
are switched. The port 5 of Optocoupler 1 of the
device 1 gives logic 0 if the corresponding device 1
is ON and similarly the port 5 of Optocoupler 1 of
the device 1 gives logic 1 if the corresponding
device 1 is OFF. Similarly, all three Optocouplers
responds according to the state of the
corresponding device. The outputs of these three
Optocouplers are given to ports P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 of
the microcontroller as shown in the circuit design.
As these are the feedbacks from the devices these
TTL logic levels are converted to RS232 logic levels
of GSM through MAX232 and send to the user as
feedback message from GSM.
6. RESULTS
6.1. Requested Device 1, Device 2 – ON &
Device 3 – OFF (Command Sent – ST110)
Fig.3 Command Sent
Fig.4 Output Obtained

Fig.5 Feedback Received
In this case, all devices are working properly and so
the output is obtained correctly as per our request.
6.2. Requested Device 1, Device 2, Device 3 –
ON but Device 2 is fault before the command
(ST111) is sent
Fig.6 Command Sent
Fig.7 Obtained output
Fig.8 Feedback received
In this case, the device 2 is damaged/fault before the
command sent. So even though the device 2 is
requested to turn ON (according to the command
sent) but the device 2 is not turned ON. So the user
got a feedback message that the device 2 is OFF
which means device 2 is not working and is to be
fixed.
6.3. Requested Device 1, Device 2, Device 3 –
ON but Device 2 got fault after the command
(ST111) is sent
Fig.9 Command Sent
Fig.10 Output obtained at the instant message
received
Fig.11 Device 2 is damaged/stopped working after
some time
Fig.12 Feedback received

In this case, the device 2 is damaged after some
time. Which means when the command received, at
that instant the device 2 is working well? But after
some time it stopped working. So even though all
the devices responded correctly according to the
command for starting few seconds, the user got the
feedback once the device is damaged.
7. CONCLUSION
Here in the project bulbs are used as the devices.
But in real time any Electrical devices like Home
Appliances, Reservoir Dam Motors etc. can be used
which can be controlled from anywhere in the
world. This way it overcomes the limited range of
infrared and radio remote controls.
REFERENCES
1. The 8051 Microcontroller Architecture,
Programming and Applications by Kenneth J
Ayala.
2. Basic electronic components by Millman.
3. MCS51 series authorized manual.
4. http://www.atmel.com
5. http://www.aplus.com
6. http://www.I2C.info
7. http://www.alldatasheets.com
8. An YouTube video with name “GSM Based
street light with fault detection .wmv”
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Dr. P.V. Rama Raju is a Professor
at the Department Electronics and
Communication Engineering,
S.R.K.R. Engineering College, AP,
India. His research interests
include Biomedical-Signal
Processing, Signal Processing, VLSI Design,
Antennas and Microwave Anechoic Chambers
Design. He is author of several research studies
published in national and international journals and
conference proceedings.
K.S.S. Phani Kumar is a B.E.
Student at the Department
Electronics and Communication
Engineering, S.R.K.R. Engineering
College, AP, India.
Y. Guna Teja is a B.E. Student at
the Department Electronics and
India.
K. Bhargav is a B.E. Student at the
Department Electronics and
India.
T.V.K. Prasanna is a B.E. Student
at the Department Electronics and
India.

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