Gymnema sylvestre (Sugar destroyer)

Gymnema sylvestre (Sugar destroyer)

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  INTRODUCTION BOTANICAL NAME Gymnema sylvestre FAMILY Asclepiadaceae(milk weed) COMMON NAME Gurmar booti ENGLISH NAME Sugar destroyer and periploca of wood PART USED Leaves, root and stem FLOWER Pale yellow and bell shaped LEAVES Narrow tipped elliptic smooth green leaves
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  CHEMICAL CONTITUENTS 1. Gymnemicacid 2. Gymnemagenin 3. Gymnestogenin 4. Gurmarine 5. Gymnemagenol 6. Betain 7. Choline 8. Trimethylamine 9. Hentriacontane 10. Pentatriacontane 11. Phytin 12. Tartaric acid 13. Formic acid 14. Anthraquinone derivatives 15. d-quercitol
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  SOLUBILITY Gymnemic acid isless soluble in lipid so that its passage from skin difficult therefore, its gymnemic acid phaspholipid complex is prepared.
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  USES 1. Gymnema sylvestreis used as anti-diabetic. 2. It is used for weight loss. 3. It is used in asthema. 4. It is also used in snake bite. 5. It is used as anti-inflammatory. 6. It is used as anti-hypercholesterolemic. 7. It is used in constipation. 8. It is used in arthritis. 9. It is used in cardiopathy. 10. It is used in microbial infection. 11. It is also used in some respiratory problems like cough. 12. It is also used in cancer treatment.
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  MECHANISM OF ACTION 1-Gymnemicacid destroyes the ability to discriminate sweet taste.The atomic arrangement of gymnemic acid is similar with glucose molecule.so they fill the receptor location on the taste buds thereby preventing its activation by sugar molecule.similarly gymnemic acid fill the receptor location in the absorbtive external layer of the intestine,thereby preventing the sugar molecule absorbtion by the intestine.In the result of this low blood sugar level occure. 2-There are some possible mechanisms by which the gymnemic acid exerts its hypoglycemic activity are, 1. It increases the secretion of insuline. 2. It promotes regeneration of islet cells of pancreas. 3. It increases utilization of glucose. 4. It causes inhibition of glucose absorbtion from intestine.
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  MECHANISM OF ACTION 3-Obesity also the cause of diabetes because fats release resistin harmone which produce resistance against insuline in receptors and receptors can not bind with insuline and in resultant blood sugar level increased. 4- Gymnemic acid curb the binding of triglycerides and cholesterol to their receptors in the intestine and inhibits the absorbtion of them to treat obesity. 5- Gymnemagenol in leaves of gymnema sylvestre is used to inhibit the prolification of the cells and used as anti-cancer. 6- Gymnemic acid increases protection against leucotrienes and free redicals and histamine release from mast cells was inhibited by gymnemic acid to treat inflammation.
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  MECHANISM OF ACTION 7-Ethanolic extract of gymnema sylvestre leaves demonstrated anti- microbial activity against bacillus pumilis,bacillus subtilis,pseudomonas eruginosa and staphylococcus aureus etc.
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  DOSE 1. 200 –400mg extract daily standardized 25% gymnemic acid. 2. 100mg capsule taken three to four times in a day. 3. The recommended dose for powder gymnema sylvestre leave is 0.5 – 1 spoon(2 – 4 g) per day. DOSAGE FORM Gymnema sylvester is found in capsule and powder form.
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  SIDE EFFECTS 1. Hepatotoxicityis its side effect. 2. Chronic use of this herb can lower blood pressure. 3. Gymnemic acid and Gurmarine supresses the ability of the toungue to detect sweet taste.
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  TOXICITY 1. Some neurologicaleffects are observed after taking the over dose of this herb. 2. Some autonomical effects are also observed. 3. Hypoglycemic effects are also seen after taking over dose of gymnema sylvestre.
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  PRECAUTIONS 1. Don notuse in pragnency and in lactation. 2. Don not use for those patients who are suffered already in liver and kidney disorders. 3. Diabetic patients on medication should be carefully monitored their blood sugar level when taking this herb because it may further reduce blood sugar level. 4. Consult with your physician because high dose of it can cause hypoglycemic effect.
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  INTERACTION WITH DRUG 1.The optimal doses of hydroxy-citric acid with gymnema sylvestre and to a great degree the combination of hydroxycitric acid niacin bounded chromium and gymnema sylvestre extract can serve as an effective and safe weight loss farmula that can facilitate reduction in excess body weight. 2. The combination of glibenclamide (Sulphonylurease) and gymnema sylvesre showed maximum hypoglycemic action and decrease in serum cholesterol level.This combination produced greater hypoglycemic effect than gymnema sylvestre. 3. Gymnema sylvestre may increase the blood sugar lowering effect when interacted with oral drugs for diabetes such as glipizide,glyburide,glyset,and precose etc. 4. The cholesterol lowering effects of drugs such as crestor,lovastatin,lipitor,pravastatin may be increased by taking these drugs with gymnema sylvestre.
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  INTERACTION WITH HERBS Combinationof gymnema sylvestre and some herbs increase its hypoglycemic activity like,  Eleutherococcus senticoses  Zingiber officinale  Pueraria lobata  Panax ginseng Gymnema sylvestre with some herbs inhance effect of lowering of cholesterole such as,  Allium sativum  Commiphora wightii
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  REFERENCES 1. www.anniesremedy.com/herb-detail228.php. 2. www.clarksnutrition.com>tableof contents>herbs and suppliments. 3. https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qip....... 4. www.drug.com>professionals>natural products(pro) 5. Restorativemedicine.org/…..and-drug…/gymnema-gymnema-sylvestre/. 6. https://books.google.com.pk/books?isbn=0323029647. 7. Medicinalplants.us/gymnema-sylvestre-dosage-interactions-practice- points. 8. www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3435100364.html. 9. www.hindawi.com/journal/bmri/2014/830285/. 10. www.wjpr.net/download/article/1404207638.pdf. 11. www.wholehealthmd.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?nm.....library... 12. Pharmatips.doyouknow.in/…./pharmacological-action-of-gymnema- sylvestre…..