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HEALTH & FACTORS.pptx
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- 2. DEFINITION • According toWHO has defined health as a “state of complete physical, mental, social & spiritual well being, & not merely absence of disease or infirmity”.
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- 4. Environmental • Environment hasthe direct impact on the health of individual, family or community. • Internal or external & physical, biological & psychological components of environment influence the mental, social, spiritual and physical well-being of individuals. • It is worth mentioning that Florence Nightingale had also given importance to environmental factor in the maintenance of health and care of the sickness.
- 5. Political • Political systemhas a great effect on the social climate in which we live. • Political influences have the power and authority to regulate much of our surroundings in that, health care is also included. • Implementation of any health program cannot be conducted properly without the strong political will. • In our country health is a subject of concurrent list, so there is a need of coordination between the union and state governments in the health-related matters.
- 6. Behavioral • Health systemis the mirror of a person’s lifestyle because faculty and ill habits have the adverse effect on the health of the individual. • It is an established fact that culture and ethnic heritage shape much of our lifestyle including the health care.
- 7. Socioeconomic • Socioeconomic conditionshave the major impact on the health status of any country. • Education, economy, occupational opportunities, housing, nutritional level, per capital income, etc.
- 8. Health care deliverysystem • The health care delivery system plays a great role in the flied of health, this is considered as a disease- oriented system, but in our country which has the second largest population in the world providing health care services at the grass-roots level is difficult task. • Besides the above-mentioned determinants women’s issue, ageing population, agriculture, social welfare, rural development, urban improvement, also have a major impact on the health of the nation, its families and individuals.
- 9. Factors influencing health Factors Human Biology Environment Health& health allied resources
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- 12. Genetic inheritance: • Hereditaryor genetic predisposition to specific illness is a major physical risk factor. • For ex: a person with a history of diabetes mellitus is at risk for developing the disease later in life.
- 13. Age: • Age increasessusceptibility to certain illness. For ex: the risk of cardiovascular disease increase with age for both sexes.
- 14. Race • Race increasesusceptibility to certain illness. • For ex: the risk of sickle cell anemia is more common in Africans and Mediterranean people.
- 15. Self-concept • Self conceptimplies individual’s perception of his or physical, intellectual and social abilities.
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- 17. Physical environment: • Thephysical environment includes atmospheric pressures, gravity, light & sound waves, temperature, humidity, wind velocity, radiation, electromagnetic fields & seasonal variations, etc. • The variety of pollutants are found to polluted air, water, food & soil, and are the cause of various acute and chronic disease.
- 18. Biological • Most ofthe plants and animals are useful to human being to promote health but are the same time, they human being to promote health but are the same time, the produces like malaria, insect bites and allergic reactions.
- 19. Social environment • Thesocial environment include other people and social institutions, sociocultutal events, religious beliefs, moral and ethical values and social rules and regulations, pertaining to living society, socioeconomic support system.
- 20. Life style • Manyactivities, habits and practices involve risk factors, the tresses of life crises & frequent life changes also risk factors. • Health practices & behaviors can have positive or negative effects in health. • Practices with potential effects are risk factors these include overeating or poor nutrition, insufficient rest & sleep & poor hygiene. • Other habits that pure put a person at risk for illness include smoking alcohol or drug abuse, and activities involving a threat of injury such as skydiving or mounting climbing. • Some habits are risk factor for specific diseases.
- 21. Health & health Allied Resources Health services Socioeconomical Condition PoliticalSystem Health related services
- 22. Health services: • Healthservices are directly concerned with improvement of health status of people. • Health services can also contribute on socioeconomic development of people because sound health can improve & increase the physical, intellectual & motional capacity of people to get educated, work & earn for their livelihood improve their lifestyle which will further reinforce their health.
- 23. Socioeconomic condition: • Socioeconomicconditions have significant influence on community health. • In developed countries like America, UK, & Canada, there has been significant reduction in the mortality & morbidity rates & increase in longevity at birth because of socioeconomic, development. • Socioeconomic conditions include economic status, education, occupation and living standards.
- 24. Political system • Thepolitical system has a very strong role in health promotion of people in the country. • The health care delivery system is determined by the political system though there is conditional control. • Decision pertaining to health to health policy, allocation of funds, programs, manpower development, infrastructure, health technology and delivery of health services are made by the ruling party within the parliament system.
- 25. Health related services: •The health related services include education government policies; social welfare development programs food & agriculture, industry, communication and broadcasting rural & urban development & transportation. • The health related services needs to have balanced approach between National Health Policy & voluntary health promotes active participation.
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- 27. Environmental sanitation • Sanitationis the science of safe- guarding health. • It is the quality of living that is exposed in the clean home, the clean farm, the clean business, the clean neighborhood & the clean community. • Environment sanitation is nothing but the introduction of such methods which bring about control of all the factors in the physical environment.
- 28. Food habits • Foodhabits have deep psychological root and are associated with love, affection, warmth, self- image & social prestige. • The diet of the people is influenced by local conditions, religious customs and beliefs. • Vegetarians & Hindus believes these food habits have a religious sanction from early daily.
- 29. Mother & childhealth • Mother & child health is surrounded by a wide range of customs & beliefs all over the world. • MCH care & good customs such as prolonged breastfeeding, oil bath, massage & exposure to sun. • MCH care & hand bad customs are the child is not put to breastfeeding during the first 3 days of birth because of the belief that colostrums might be harmful.
- 30. Personal hygiene • Hygieneis the science of health & includes all factors which contribute to healthful living. • Personal hygiene includes all those personal factors which influence the health & well-being of an individual. • The practice of an oil bath is a good Indian custom. • Circumcision is prevalent custom among Muslim which has a religious sanction.
- 31. Sex & marriage •Sexual customs vary among different social, religious & ethic groups. • Orthodox jews are forbidden to have intercourse for seven days after the menstruation ceases, these custom have an important bearing in family planning. • It is the usual social custom in India to perform marriages early at the age of puberty. • Child marriages are fortunately disappearing. • The high rate of venereal disease in Himachal Pradesh is attributed to the local marriage customs.
- 32. FACTORS AFFECTING APATIENT’S HEALTH STSTUS Smoking Nutrition Alcohol Use Habituating drug use Driving Exercise Sexuality and contraceptive use Family relationships Risk factor modification Coping & adaptation