Health management m 19. ppt (2)

Health Management
Dr Mona Aboserea
Zagazig University

Learning objectives:
 To define administration, management, and
management cycle
 To identify management functions
 To enumerate the planning functions
 To define situation analysis & how to do
problem priorities
 To apply a health program
2

Definition of Management
 A continuous dynamic process
of getting things effectively done.
 May be defined as effectively
achieving the identified objectives
through proper planning,
efficient implementation
and achievements’ evaluation to
identify the needs for re-planning. 3

 Effective
 Efficient
 Objective
 Planning
 Implementation
 Evaluation
 Achievement
 Need
 Re-planning




---------




5

 WHO stated that
effective leadership
and management
are essential.
Why?????
 To scale up the
quantity & quality of
health services.
 To improve the
population health.
6

Effectiveness is the degree to
which a stated objective is being
achieved.
Efficiency is the % of success per
money spent.
(a measure of effectiveness per
unit cost).
7

Aim of health management:
To promote health,
To prevent health problems,
To control problems (mortality
& morbidity),
To rehabilitate the handicaps
In:
-A proper way.
-With least resources, effort
and time
8

Management vs
Implements these
polices and goals
Middle level
activity with
Executive
functions
Administration
 FRAMES the polices
& goals of the
organization
 It is the top level
with
 Decisive functions
9

 Situation analysis
 Evaluate (check) plan
 Do (perform, implement)
11

Management is thus a
dynamic process.
12

Scope of management for Doctors
In:
 Scientific research
 Health project & program
 Medical service
(hospitals, health units, clinics),
To
-Add new thing
Improve already present thing(s). 13

Management
Planning Implementation
Situational
analysis
Evaluation
Setting vision, mission,
Goals & objectives
Situation analysis -------------
Vision ----------------------------
Mission -------------------------- 15

PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION
Objectives: not fulfilled fulfilled
16

I-Situation analysis
 Def:- Knowing background knowledge of the
problem of interest to study & understand its:
• Nature
• Distribution
• Importance
• Contributing factors (Fish bone analysis)
17

Situation analysis
 Method:-
• Collect data from all sources (1ry & 2ry) about all
aspects (political, administrative, economic,
demographic, social, educational, cultural,
traditional, nutritional, sanitation, leadership
pattern& community organization) .
• Do field study & get demands of customers.
•
Do S W O T analysis
Strengths weakness opportunities threats
• Formulate problem statement. 18

How to stay here
2-Where I want to
be?
Objectives
1-Where I am now?
Situation analysis
How
22

Needs assessment
Desired situation
Current situation
Gap/needs
problems
23

Sources of information for situation
analysis/needs assessment:
1. Documents or files (governmental and NGOs)
2. Reports or surveys, records, books, census,.
3. Community members & experts.
4. Informal leaders in the community.
5. Senior citizens.
6. Government officers or formal leaders.
7. NGO personnel.
8. Inernet.
25

Priority setting
Priority: having the right
to proceed other events
because of need or
importance.

Priority Setting
1- Frequency (incidence &prevalence)
2- Seriousness (urgency, severity,
cost& Impact on others
3- Effect on economy, productivity &
social aspects.
4- Cheapness & availability of
prevention& control tools.
5- Feasibility of implementation&
monitoring of program& if single or
multiple sectors
6- Time required to get results 27

28
need= necessity;
it is very important
If we don’t have this we will die
want= desire;
If we don’t have,
we won’t die

II-Formulation of Vision,
Mission, Goals & Objectives
29

If you can dream it,
you can make it happen
30

Vision: is the
broad scope for
the importance of
the selected
problem.
(it is the dream)
e.g. promotion of
child health &
welfare.
32

Mission:
 “reason for presence” or goals to be
achieved.
 e.g. vaccination coverage rate 100%.
-proper nutrition, Socioeconomic
development.
33

Goals and Objectives
If you do not have clear
objectives one may end no
where

GOAL=general objective
=ultimate objectives
A goal is a general statement that
describes the final outcome of a
program/project.
It is a "timeless statement of aspiration”
What would be the goal for
MCH??????
35

Objectives:
Establish realistic objectives
and targets.
Objectives must be SMARTER
which stands for: Specific
Measurable
Achievable/Attainable/Appropriate
Relevant/
Time bound/time specific
Ethical consideration Rcordable
36

when you develop your objectives, be sure
to keep in mind
 WHAT is going to be accomplished?
 HOW will it be done?
 WHEN will it be done?
 HOW MUCH will it cost?
37

Give examples of objectives to decrease
IMR????
To decrease IMR in Egypt from 25per 1000 to
1 per 1000 at the end of the year 2020.
38

Vision
Mission
Goals
Objectives
39

III-Planning (Plan preparation)
 Def:-
- Detailed description
of the activities that
must be done to
reach the objectives.
-Thinking before
doing to determine
“what, where, when,
how & who”
Which picture represents the
correct plan preparation?
40

Planning is needed for all
aspects of our life, and all the
activities we need to do
41

Value of planning
Planning is needed:
To avoid duplication of work.
For sense of responsibility
To avoid waste of resources.
42

TEAM:
Together
Each of us
Achieves
More 44

Planning HORIZONS
 Long range planning extends for a period of
3- 5 years.
 MEDIUM term planning: 1-3 YEARS.
 SHORT TERM plans are usually termed work
plans and describe all the activities that
have to be carried within a year OR LESS.
 A three monthly implementation plan
45

Population-based planning:
Depends on the level of the planning.
A-Ministry of Health and Population
(MOHP) is concerned with the planning
at the country level. e.g Egypt
B-Health Directorate is concerned
with planning at the governorate
level.e.g. Sharkia governorate
C-Health District is concerned with
planning at the district level e.g.
Zagazig district.
46

IV- Implementation=
Performance =Execution=
Action
47

Implementation
 def:- Plan activation or carry the plan into action
 Components:-
- Pilot testing
- Tasks performance (described by a flow charts )
- Supervision (to help & guide..
Not to pick mistakes & punish)
48

Supervision
 Def:- Making sure that staff perform their duties
effectively with competency to keep the work standards
 Objectives:-
1- maintain quantity & quality of work
2- assess performance of members
3- identify causes of work insufficiency
4- resolve problems among team members
5- help in personal problems
6- on job training
 Methods:- observation check lists- records- report
review 49

Evaluation
 Def:- assessment of
the effectiveness to
reach the planned
objectives during and
after the program.
51

 Aspects:- plan, time, effort,
cost-benefit, performance &
sustainability 52

Remember: Management Cycle
evaluation implementation
Situation analysis planning
53

The advice for today
Failure in planning
is a planning for
failure
54

Health management m 19. ppt (2)

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Health management m 19. ppt (2)