High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Employing FR4 Substrate for Wi-MAX, LMDS and MMDS Applications

High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Employing FR4 Substrate for Wi-MAX, LMDS and MMDS Applications

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  Gurnoor Singh Braret al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 6, ( Part -6) June 2016, pp.49-51 www.ijera.com 49 | P a g e High Gain Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Employing FR4 Substrate for Wi-MAX, LMDS and MMDS Applications Gurnoor Singh Brar1 , Jaspreet Singh2 , Ekambir Sidhu3 1 (Student, Department Of Electronics and Communication, Thapar Polytechnic College, Patiala) 2 (Student, IEEE Member, Department Of Electronics and Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala) 3 (Assistant Professor, Department Of Electronics and Communication, Punjabi University, Patiala) ABSTRACT This paper presents an antenna for WiMAX, LMDS and MMDS system applications. FR4 material has been used as substrate having dielectric constant of 4.4. The Patch, Ground and feedline are made of copper. The proposed antenna is rectangular in shape which resonate at 3.42 GHz with a bandwidth of 45MHz (3.40GHz- 3.44GHz) and corresponding return loss of -32.39 dB. The performance of the antenna has been analyzed in terms of return loss (dB), gain (dB), directivity (dBi), VSWR and impedance (ohms). The proposed antenna has directivity and gain of 7.2 dBi and 7.28 dB respectively. Keywords: directivity, gain, rectangular patch, VSWR, WiMAX. I. INTRODUCTION Communication systems are becoming compact in size and hence compact antennas with improved performance are required for these communication systems. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) recommended 3.3- 3.4GHz range for WiMAX. The ministry of communication initially released approximately 12MHz of spectrum in the 3.3GHz-3.4GHz. [1][2][3][4]. These antennas can be fed either through a coaxial cable or through strip line etched on the surface of antenna. Size reduction enhancement are becoming major challenges these days. In order to achieve the broadband performance of the microstrip antenna, some researchers have proposed a variety of antenna structure, such as sector slots, notch or slits in patch etc. [5][6][7][8][9][10]. The defected ground planes may also control electromagnetic waves propagating through the substrate layer and effect the performance of antenna. Section II focus on the geometry of the proposed antenna and section III focus on the performance analysis of the proposed microstrip patch antenna. II. ANTENNA GEOMETRY The proposed antenna is rectangular in shape. The Fig.1 (a) and Fig.1 (b) demonstrates the geometry of the proposed antenna. In the proposed antenna design substrate of thickness 1.57mm is used. The FR4 (Flame Retardant) has been employed as substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4. The geometry of proposed antenna is shown in Fig.1 (d). Fig. 1(A) Top View Of The Proposed Antenna Fig. 1(B) Bottom View Of the Proposed Antenna RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
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  Gurnoor Singh Braret al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 6, ( Part -6) June 2016, pp.49-51 www.ijera.com 50 | P a g e Fig. 1 (C) Front View of the Proposed Antenna Fig. 1(D) 3-D View of the Proposed Antenna Table 1 Antenna Dimensions S.No Parameters Value(mm) 1. Length of substrate, SL 70 2. Width of substrate, SW 70 3. Length of patch, PL 39.67 4. Width of patch, PW 49.5 5. Width of Feedline, Fw 4.8 III. RESULTS The proposed system has been designed using CST Microwave Studio 2014 and the performance of the antenna has been analyzed in terms of return loss (dB), gain (dB), directivity (dBi), VSWR and impedance (ohms). The return loss plot illustrates that the antenna is resonant at 3.42GHz with the return loss of -32.39 dB as shown in Fig.2. The Smith chart plot of proposed antenna has been shown in Fig.3 which illustrates that the proposed antenna has impedance of 49.9 ohms. Fig. 4 and Fig.5 illustrates that proposed antenna has directivity and gain of 7.2 dBi and 7.28 dB respectively. The VSWR plot of the proposed antenna has been shown in Fig.6. The VSWR of the proposed antenna lies below the minimum accepted value i.e 2. The Fig.7 shows the power flow of the proposed antenna. Fig. 2 Return Loss Plot Of The Proposed Antenna Fig. 3 Smith Chart Plot Of The Proposed System Fig. 4 Gain Of The Proposed Antenna Fig. 5 Directivity Of The Proposed Antenna
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  Gurnoor Singh Braret al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Application www.ijera.com ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 6, Issue 6, ( Part -6) June 2016, pp.49-51 www.ijera.com 51 | P a g e Fig. 6 VSWR Plot Of The Proposed Antenna Fig. 7 Power Flow Pattern of the Proposed Antenna IV. CONCLUSION In this paper, the microstrip patch antenna with a resonant frequency of 3.42GHz has been designed and proposed. The proposed antenna has been designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio 2014. This paper presents an antenna having high gain of 7.28 dB and directivity of 7.2 dB with impedance bandwidth of 45MHz (3.40GHz - 3.44GHz). The proposed antenna can be suitably employed for WiMAX, LMDS and MMDS system applications. V. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to thank Prof. Ekambir Sidhu, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala for his support, guidance, assistance and supervision for successful completion this research work. REFERENCES [1]. Balanis C.A., "Antenna Theory Analysis and Design," John Wiley & Sons, 2005. [2]. BahiU. and Bhartia P., "Microstrip Antennas," Artech House, Norwood, 1980. [3]. Chen Z.N and Chia M.Y.W., "Broadband Planar Antennas: Design and Application," John Wiley & Sons, 2002. [4]. https://books.google.co.in/books?id=DYW B5nMjB38C&pg=PA784&lpg=PA784&dq =application+of+3.3+to+3.4+GHZ&source =bl&ots=8pqA50MOEy&sig=uccbEsOmZ FjW2OtYMD3j11hI_Ec&hl=en&sa=X&ve d=0ahUKEwiQ0YqZ9LXNAhUJTI8KHRF CA_0Q6AEIKDAG#v=onepage&q=applic ation%20of%203.3%20to%203.4%20GHZ &f=false [5]. DebatoshGuha, and Yahia M. M.Antar, “Microstrip and printed antennas new trends, techniques and applications," John Wiley & Sons, 2011. [6]. Vijay Sharma, V.K. Saxena, K.B. Sharma and D. Bhatnagar, "Radiation performance of an elliptical patch antenna with three orthogonal sector slots," Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology, vol 14, No. 2, pp. 123-130, 2011. [7]. Tong, K.-F., K.-M. Luk, K.-F. Lee, and R. Q. Lee, "A broad-band U-slot rectangular patch antenna on a microwave substrate", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, vol. 48, Jun. 2000, 954-960. [8]. Sze, J.-Y. and K.-L. Wong, "Bandwidth enhancement of a microstrip line-fed printed wide slot antenna", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation, Vol. 49, pp. 1020- 1024, Jul. 2001. [9]. D. Bhardwaj, D. Bhatnagar, S. Sancheti, and B. Soni, Design of square patch antenna with a notch on FR4 substrate, lET Microwave Antennas Propagation 2, pp. 880-885, 2008. [10]. Vijay Sharma, V.K. Saxena, J.S. Saini, D. Bhatnagar, K.B. Sharma, D. Pal and L.M. Joshi, "Wide band Dual Frequency Right Triangular Microstrip Antenna with Parallel Narrow Slits," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, vol. 52, 2010, 1082- 1087.