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History of animation basic
The origins of animation can be traced back to simple toys from the 1820s like the thaumatrope, which used persistence of vision to combine two images spun on string. Later developments included the zoetrope in the 1860s and flip books, which allowed for homemade animation. Stop-motion animation using clay figures, pioneered in the early 1900s, was an important technique used in early animated films and shows. Advances in technology, from film to computer animation, have enabled increasingly sophisticated animated works.
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Introduction to the origins of animation, focusing on early toys such as the thaumatrope.
Details on the thaumatrope, its workings, and the concept of persistence of vision that enables animation.
Visual examples of thaumatrope images showcasing the effects of persistence of vision.
Definition of persistence of vision, highlighting its role in viewing animations and optical illusions.
Introduction to the zoetrope, an advanced animation toy, and its mechanics involving persistence of vision.
Transition to flip books as animation toys with layered images enabling quick animations through flipping.
Visuals of various flip books illustrating their design and animation effect.
The role of photography in animation's evolution, mentioning the first animated film by J. Stuart Blackton.
Explanation of stop-motion animation technique and its similarity to flip books in creating movement.
Discussion on clay-mation, its history, and notable shows, highlighting its significance in animation.
Linking stop-motion techniques to character-based cartoons, emphasizing Winsor McCay's work.
Development of animation technologies from 1914 to 1928, and the debut of 'Steamboat Willie'.
The growth of animation from 1930s to 1970s, emphasizing major animation companies.
Inception of computer-generated imagery (CGI) in film from the late 1970s with examples.
The landmark premiere of 'Toy Story' as the first full-length CGI motion picture.
Examination of advanced CGI usage in 'Avatar', showcasing how technology has transformed animation.
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History of animation basic
- 1. Creating Movement: TheOrigins of Animation
- 2. The originators ofanimation are nearly all toys
- 3. Thaumatrope – Invented in the 1820s – Name means “magic turn” – Designed to amuse children – Made of 2 pieces of paper and string – One image on the front, another on the back. As it spins it gives the illusion of combining the images.
- 4. How Does aThaumatrope Work? • When the strings are twirled quickly between the fingers the two pictures appear to combine into a single image due to persistence of vision • Persistence of vision - the eye's ability to retain an image for roughly 1/20 of a second after the object is gone. • The eye continues to see the two images on either side of the thaumatrope shortly after each has disappeared. As the thaumatrope spins, the series of quick flashes is interpreted as one continuous image.
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- 6. Examples of GreatThaumatrope Images
- 7. Persistence of Vision •As defined before, persistence of vision is what enables humans to view a long sequence of images as animation. • Our persistence of vision helps us view cartoons and optical illusions every day!
- 8. Zoetrope – Invented in the 1860s – Designed to actually animate – Was an expensive toy for children and adults – Made of a cylinder with slits in it – Images were put on the inside of the cylinder. – The viewer would spin the cylinder to see the images move.
- 9. Zoetrope Animations How ispersistence of vision at work here?
- 10. Animation Development • Astime went on and paper was more available, people wanted to make their own animation toys • This introduced the flip-book.
- 11. Flip-Book • Flip booksare made by layering sheets of paper with slightly altered images in a sequential order. • As the viewer quickly “flips” through the book, they see a quick animation.
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- 16. Photography and Film Theinvention of photography and moving pictures aided in the development of animation – 1906 J. Stuart Blackton made the first animated film. • He drew faces on board • Photographed them onto film • Ran the film sequentially to show the faces • Titled the film: “ Humorous Phases of Funny Phases” • It is considered stop-motion
- 17. What is Stop-Motion? •Stop-motion is the basis of animation. • Stop-motion is a form of animation that relies on photographs of still objects to create movement. Objects are manipulated and photographed sequentially. When the photographs move together in a quick sequence (like in a film) it creates the illusion of movement. This is similar to the way a flip-book works. • Clay figures are often used in stop-motion for their ease of repositioning. Stop-motion animation using clay is called clay- mation.
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- 21. Famous Clay-mation • Early:During the late 1950s and early 1960s Davey and Goliath was featured on television. It was a show for children. • Mid: Gumby was a show that premiered on Saturday morning T.V. in the 1970s and 1980s for children. • Modern: Wallace and Gromit are popular clay-mation characters today.
- 22. From Stop-Motion toCartoons • Artists began to realize that by drawing and using the stop-motion animation technique they could create seamless animation. • In 1914 Winsor McCay, using drawing and the stop-motion technique, created the first character-based cartoon called “Gertie the Dinosaur” • “Gertie the Dinosaur,” which is only approximately 5 minutes long, contains 10,000 drawings.
- 23. Growing Technology • From1914-1928 artists developed the animation technology and began to teach others about animation. • 1928 Walt Disney debuts the first cartoon to feature animation and sound. • It is called Steamboat Willie.
- 24. Looking to theFuture • After Steamboat Willie, the animation world grew in leaps and bounds. • Even as technology advances, the basics of animation are still based stop-motion • During the next 40 years animation transitions from a fanciful toy into a major business (1930s-1970s) – Walt Disney Company – Fox Animation – Hanna-Barbera – Warner Brothers Animation – MGM Animation
- 25. Computer Generated Imagery •In the late 1970s to early 1980s Computer Generated Imagery or CGI is used in film for the first time. • CGI allows animators to create fantasy situation and illusions within real live action. • The first mainstream movie that used CGI was The Last Starfighter in 1984.
- 26. CGI Grows • In1995 Toy Story premiered. It was the first full-length motion picture to be entirely CGI.
- 27. Pinnacle of Animation •The movie Avatar uses CGI animation alongside other image-based technologies to create stunning visual effects.