How to make a Line Follower Robot
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The document presents an overview of a line follower robot, detailing its components, working principle, modifications, and potential industrial applications. Key components include an Arduino Uno board, IR sensors, and a motor driver, which enable the robot to follow paths based on light reflection. Applications of the robot range from automated equipment carriers to hospital medication delivery, showcasing its versatility in different environments.
How to make a Line Follower Robot
- 1. Presented by Uzair Aslam(2014-ME-313) Anees Ahmad(2014-ME-340) Khuram Ahmad(2014-ME-329) Zhuaib Ahmad(2014-ME-322) Line follower Robot
- 2. Contents Introduction Components Working principle Modification and Enhancements Industrial applications
- 3. Introduction • What is a line follower? Line follower is a machine that can follow a path. The path can be visible like a black line on a white surface (or vice-versa) or it can be invisible like a magnetic field. • Concept of line follower Its concept is related to light.We use the behaviour of light at black and white surface in building this robot.
- 4. Components • Ardino UNO board: This is the brain of this robot in which the program is loaded to do the required functioning and is interfaced with sensors and the motor driver to make the system work as required. • Comparator: This gets input from the sensor, compare it with predefined voltage and send logic 1 to microcontroller if there is detected a still platform and logic 0 if edge of platform is there. •
- 6. • IR TRANSMITTER ( EMITTING DIODE) The IR LED emitting infrared light is put on in the transmitting unit. IR or VISIBLE light is emitted from the emitter This emitted light strikes the surface and gets reflected back. • IR RECEIVER (PHOTODETECTOR) Used to detect the intensity of light reflected. The corresponding analog voltage is induced based on the intensity of reflected light, which further compared by comparator and output send as 0 or 1.
- 8. • Voltage regulator : It is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. • Motor driver: It has two channels for driving two motors.Inbuilt transistors for current amplification and separate power pin for external power supply to motors. • Wheels: In it three wheels are employed, two at rear end and one end at front. Rear wheels are attached with the motors and control the steering of robot.
- 10. When a sensor is on the black line it reads 0 and when it is on the bright surface it reads 1. In this project we are using two IR sensors modules namely left sensor and right sensor. When both left and right sensors senses white than robot moves forward. If left sensor comes on black line than robot turn left side. If right sensor sense black line than root turns right until bot sensor comes on white surface. If both sensor comes on black surface the robot stops.
- 12. Circuit diagram
- 13. Modification and Enhancements The robot will automatically stop when an obstacle is in front of it this will be done by employing some more sensors to it. It would also be capable of carrying some load with it and placing it some where.
- 14. Applications Application Advantages Industrial automated equipment carriers. The robot must be capable of following a line. Automated cars. Insensitive to environment factors like noise and lightning. Tour guides in museums and other similar applications. It should be capable of taking various degrees of turns. Deliver medications in a hospital.