HYGIENE CHEMICALS Power point ppt for dh.ppt

HYGIENE
CHEMICALS
Lt Col A Bhatnagar
Classified Spl (Prev Med)
OIC Health Training Wing

PESTICIDES
INSECTICIDES
RODENTICIDES
FUNGICIDES
ACARICIDES
WEEDICIDES

INSECTICIDES
NATURAL SYNTHETIC
Plant based
Pyrethrum
Neem
Petroleum products
Malariol oil
Organic
Inorganic
Paris green
Organochlorines
DDT
Carbamates
Propoxur,
Carbaryl
Organophosphates
Malathion,Temephos
Fenthion, Dichlorvos
Syn Pyrethroids
Deltamethrin,
Cyfluthrin

HYGIENE CHEMICALS
 Natural
 Organochlorine
 Organophosphorus
 Carbamates

PYRETHRUM
 Extract from Chrysanthamum cinerariafolium
 Rapid knockdown effect, no residual effect
 Supplied as 2%, diluted in Kerosene.
 For 2% 1:19
 50-100ml for 100 cubic m space
 20 ltr can cover 400 house hold, each having
100 cu m of indoor space
 Space spray, Aerosol Dispenser, ULV

Synthetic Pyrethroids
 Deltamethrin 2.5% WP
 Both rapid knockdown and residual effect,
effect last 3 months 2, rounds required per
annum
 Mix 400gm in in 10 ltr of water and spray
over 500 Sq m area @ 20mg per sq m

Synthetic Pyrethroids
 Cyfluthrin 10 % WP
 Both rapid knockdown and residual
effect, effect last 3 months 2 rounds
required per annum
 Mix 125gm in 10 litres of water and
spray over 500 Sq m area @ 25mg ai
sq m

Fogging
 Control of
– Malaria
– JE
– Dengue
 Malathion 95%
used

Fogging
 Deltamethrin 1.25% ULV
 Mix I ltr in 199 ltr of diesel or K oil
@ .5gm per hectare
 If vehicle used then speed 6 km /hr
 Malathion 95% Technical
 Mix 5 ltr in 95 ltr of Diesel or K oil
 To be done in dawn or dusk when wind
velocity is slow

Impregnation of Mosquito Net
 Deltamethrin 1.25 %
 Cyfluthrin 5 %
 1ml is reqd for 1sqm of net surface.
 11 ml in reqd qty of water
 Scale of 22 ltr/100 man /year
 Procedure ….

Organophosphorus
 Derivatives of phosphoric acid.
 Act by inhibiting activity of cholin- esterase
which degrades acetyle-choline at nerve
endings hence results in accumulation of
acetyle- choline.
 Examples are:-
 Malathion, Diazinon, Dichlorovos DDVP,
Temephos, Fenitrothion, Fenthion,
Chloropyriphos

Malathion
 Formulations-
 Technical 95%
 WDP 50%
 EC 50 - 90%
 Use Residual Spray
ULV
Debugging of Cots/chorpoys

Malathion
 Residual Spray @2gm sqm
 1 or 2 ltr in 10 ltr of water, 2 ltr of ready to
spray sol 100 sqm of area.
 3 times in yr in Malaria season
 For debugging 1 ltr of 5% sol for 4 charpoys,
use paint brush or metallic syringe.
 Technical Malathion for use in fogging
 5 parts in 95 parts of Diesel

Residual spray
 Procedure of spray….
 How to check if the spray pump is
effective or not ?

Dichloro-dimethyle-dichlorovinyle
phosphate (DDVP)
 High vapour pressure produces fatal
insecticide concentration.
 Combined with wax tab from which it
evaporates slowly.
 Effective against larva of house fly.
 10 ml in 1 ltr of water spray over 50 sq m
area (.5%)
 10 ml in 1 ltr gives .5% sol 2 ltr to spray in
100 sqm knockdown & residual effect

Temephos 50% EC (Abate)
 Uses
Control of A stephensi
and Ae aegypti @1ppm in domestic containers
and wells
Against lice b/o low toxicity
Against Guinea worm eradication
25 ml in 10 ltr of water spray over 500 linear
meters reapply every week
Granules at 8 weeks interval, 50-100gm/HA

Fenthion 1000EC (Baytex)
 Formulations 2% granules, 60% thermal fog.
 WHO Filariasis unit used against Culex
quenquefaciatus @1ppm
 House fly control as larvicide
 1000 EC 5ml in 10 ltr of water spray 500 sqm in
water upto 10 cm or 25 ml in 10 ltr for 50 cm
depth.
 for 2% granules 5 kg per hectare in water upto
depth of 10cm of water
 25 kg for depth of50 cm

Organophosphorus poisoning
 Symptoms
 Giddiness, headache, nausea, cold sweats,
vomiting, cramp like abdominal pains with
diarrhea blurred vision, muscular twitching
(eyelids), laboured breathing, wheezing,
excessive sweating, salivation, mental
confusion, convulsion, progressive cardiac &
respiratory failure, coma

 Treatment obtain and secure
unobstructed airway. Artificial resp
oxygen therapy.
 Inj atropine sulphate 2-4 mg(.04
to .08mg/kg for children.) every 5-10
min until fully atropinsed, dry mouth,
tachycardia, dilated pupil, maintain
atropinisation for 24-48 hrs

 For Convulsions and anxiety
5-10mg diazepam IM
Administration of Oxime (cholinestrase
reactivators)
2PAM 1000-2000mg IM/IV for adults
15mg/kg for children repeat 1-2 hrs
Toxogonin (Merck)250mg for adult,
4to8mg/kg for children

Carbamates
 Derivatives of carbamic acid.
 Propoxur-Baygon, HIT,
 Blattenex
 Use Residual insecticide @ 2gm/sqm
20%EC 25-40ml /ltr (1:40 ml)
 Bed Bugs and Cockroaches
100ml per 1 ltr of water spray over 100sqm
Effective for several weeks 4-6 weeks.

Poisoning
 Symptom same as organophosphorus
 Atropinse patient
 Treat convulsion with Diazepam
 CI Morphine, Phenothiazene, Succinyle
chloride, Xanthine derivaties,
Epinephrines, and barbiturates.

ORGANOCHLORINE
 Contact Poison, acts on nervous
system causes excitability &
convulsions
 Examples are:-
 Aldrin, BHC, DDT, Lindane, Dieldrin,
Dicofol, Endosulfan, Heptachlor, Mirex,
Kepone, Toxophene

Dichloro-diphenyle-trichlroethane
(DDT)
 First synthesised in 1874 by German
Ziedler
 Insecticidal properties discovered by
Swiss scientist Paul Muller 1939.
 It contact poison, acts on nervous
system, causes paralysis of legs wings
& convulsions and finally death.

Dichlorodiphenyletrichlroethane
(DDT)
 Non volatile, soluble in lipids
 Contact poison with long residual action.
 Applied @.5gm/sqm of walls & ceiling up to ht of
3.5 mtr at 8 weeks interval.
 1 ltr of prepared sol for 50 sqm surface.
 1kg of50% wdp or 2 ltr of 25% EC in 10 ltrs of
water 5% sol.
 GOI Gazette 1989 withdrawn from agriculture
use, only 10,000 MT is produced for public
health

Symptoms of poisoning
 Nervousness, headache, dizzyness, nausea,
vomiting, lack of co-ordination, tremours,
diarrhoea, convulsions.
 Treatment Maint of airway
 Cont of convulsion with diazepam /
paraldehyde, soluble barbiturates.
 IV 10% calcium gluconate
 Dialysis to protect kidney.
 Fat free diet with high protein

Miscellaneous
 Zinc Phosphide: 1in
10 parts
 Alum
 WSP
 OFWST
 Cresoli liquid
 Lime Slacked
 Foot Powder
 Lip Salve

RODENTICIDES
 Zinc phosphide
 Alum Phosphide Tab (fumigant)
NEW
Coumatetralyl 0.0375% Bait
Bromadialone 0.005% Bait

Zinc phosphide
Dose
One part of Zinc phosphide mixed with
10 parts of Atta with edible oil

Coumatetralyl
 Cumulative anticoagulant
 To be used @ 2.5 gm per rat. Spread in
place frequented by rats. It is placed in
the evenings and multiple dose
consumption results in death of rodents.

Bromodialone
Bromodialone.005% bait
It is single dose anticoagulant. Available as ready to
use bait. 50 mg per Kg kills rat.
To be used in rotation with coumatetralyl.

WATER PURIFICATION
 Chlorine demand
 Residual chlorine, amt, need ?
 Contact period
 Super chlorination

WATER PURIFICATION
 Outfit water sterilising Tablets)
 Aluminium Sulphate
 Water Sterilising powder
NEW
 Water Sterilising powder
 PAC (Polyvinyl Aluminum Chloride)
 Aquatabs

Out fit water sterilizing
Dose
One white tablet sterilizes the contents of a
water bottle in half an hour and later addition
of one blue tablet removes undesirable test of
chlorine in the water.
Place of Use
These are used for sterilization of water in
water bottles by dets/ Indl.

ALUM
 Used for clarification of water
Hastens pptn of particulate & Colloid matter
35-70 gms/1000 L of water

Water Sterilising powder
For disinfecting water – requirement est
by Horrock’s test. Make paste and add
in water container. Wait for 30 min
before use.
For disinfection of vegetables – makes
solution with 5 gm in 5 ltrs of water Dip
for 20 min and rinse before use. .

Polyvinyl Aluminium Chloride
It is added to water in canvas tank and
stored water. Add 9 ml per 1000 litres of
water – if slightly turbid add 18 ml per
1000 litres of water – if highly turbid

Aquatabs
Add one tablet in 1 litre water bottle.
Shake the bottle till tablet dissolves

MISC
 Cresol liquid black
 Lime slacked
 Lip Salve
 Foot Powder
NEW
No Change

Cresoli liquid black
Used as disinfectant for sputum
mug/linen/drains in latrines/bath
rooms/hospitals etc.
For Drains-
 Add 25 ml in 1 ltr of water and spray along
drains/floors/latrines.
For Hospitals –
 Add 50 ml in 1 ltr of water and steep linen for 4
hrs before washing. Also used to disinfect
excreta and fomites.

Slaked lime
It is used as a disinfectant and
deodorant around urinals, Field flush
latrines soakage pits, DTL and as a final
spread over shallow Trench latrine.

Foot powder
Its primary use to decrease friction
between foot and socks during marching
It is a fungicide. Also used to prevent fungal
infection
Wash and dry toes, groin and axilla to remove
sweat and moisture. Sprinkle between
toes/other parts of body

HYGIENE CHEMICALS Power point ppt for dh.ppt

More Related Content

Similar to HYGIENE CHEMICALS Power point ppt for dh.ppt

More from MunshiKamrul

Recently uploaded

HYGIENE CHEMICALS Power point ppt for dh.ppt