Download to read offline
Ici final report PDF
- 1.
- 2. 2 Content Topic Page Cover 1 Content 2 Introduction 3 Our Site 4 Site Analysis and Observation 5-‐8 Rationales and Client Evaluation 9-‐10 Concept Proposal 11-‐12 Plans and Elevations 13-‐21 Drainage System 22 Fire Safety 23 Attributes of Supermarket Construction 24 Operational Energy Used 25 Task Of Professions Involved 26-‐27 Local Authorities Approval 28-‐35
- 3. 3 INTRODUCTION This is our final project for the module introduction to construction industry (ICI), for this assignment, we are required to find a partner and produce a minimum 20 pages report. Our task is to find a 30m x 30m (900 meters square) to 30m x 40m (1200 meters square) empty land and come up with a proposal to consult a potential client to construct a building in the site chosen. The proposing construct building is required to serve one of the purposes as mentioned below: Recreation area, Commercial area, Industrial area, Agricultural area, Tourism area and Residential area. The objective of this assignment is not only to enable students to develop an understanding of the building team, its organization, duties and inter-relations within which they will seek employment, career progression or further study but also To develop an awareness of their professional responsibilities and to appreciate their profession in the construction industry. To make this assignment successful for us, we are encouraged to explain the need to coordinate and develop an understanding of coherent working relations among various industry players and to improve the communication channels. We are also to show our ability to document our observations and understanding from our visit to our site and also research towards our site.
- 4. 4 OUR SITE Our site is located at 3.061732, 101.610481 on Google Maps. The area is 67m x 67m (4489 meter squares) . The reason why we chose this site is because it is an open space which lacks buildings and design. It is a big waste to this empty land as it is a very strategic area because it is located near residential areas and also a university.
- 5. 5 SITE ANALYSIS AND OBSERVATION Our site is located 1.5 km away from Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus. Our site can be reached by car, which is 5 minutes, or by walk, which is 22 minutes from Taylor’s University. Our site is 30m x 35m (1050 meter square). It is an empty land next to a High-‐ Raised Apartment. The only entrance that vehicle can enter to this empty land is from an entrance which shares the same road to enter the apartment. Therefore that entrance will also be our proposed entrance for our commercial building. There is a slope at the East end of our site and that will be our main drainage and waste system for our commercial building. The traffic rate at our site is slightly jam during peak hours and traffic rate is low during normal hours.
- 6.
- 7.
- 8. 8 Advantages Our site is located just outside of Taylor’s Lakeside with a distance of 1.5km. This is one of the main advantages of building our site as the core purpose of this project is to create convenience for university students who stay in Bandar Sunway to access the building without the hassle of traffic congestion. Most high-‐rise apartments are located around the area to create convenience for the residents to access the building, especially for those who do not own a vehicle as the walking distance is at an average of 5 minutes from the proposed building to the apartments. There is a wide expanse of open space to create a potential space for future development. It also has an existing flat ground to ease the process of construction. Disadvantages Despite the good potential of our site for our proposed plan, it also has its down side that might be the reason of its lack of usage and abandoned open area. It only has one access point where vehicles have to turn in from the apartment located next to our site before entering. Therefore, the flow of traffic is a difficult procedure as it only has one entry and exit point. Our site is located at a low area where it holds water after a heavy rainfall. Standing water creates a potential spot for mosquitos to breed which will cause a huge disadvantage for our proposed plan. A storm water catch basins (system) have to be installed to solve this problem. Our site does not have a good view. It overlooks a low-‐end apartment and it is located next to a cross junction. The view is not pleasing to the eyes.
- 9. 9 Rationale and Client Evaluation After thorough discussion and research on our site, also emphasizing on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing nature of the area, we have decided to propose a commercial area with a mid-‐end hypermarket, food court and fast food joint with drive-‐thru service. For this construction project, we look upon the weakness of the nearby places of the same facilities and functions to compare and improve on their weaknesses to propose a plan to better suit the clients of our project. We have distinguished a few issues that are not suitable for our proposed plan and came up with a list of improved suggestions according to the areas. High-‐end hypermarket at Sunway Pyramid 1. Price of groceries and items are more expensive – Price of goods sold at the high-‐end hypermarket are placed at a higher price due to the expensive rental and emphasize on the interior design. 2. High cost of imported goods – High-‐end hypermarkets usually import quality goods that are priced too high and are not affordable for students who live near the area. 3. Area too small – High-‐end hypermarket are smaller compared to mid-‐end hypermarkets, hence there are lesser varieties for customers to choose from. Restaurants in Syopz Mall 1. Limited choices of restaurants – The students of Taylor’s University face dilemmas of what to eat for lunch everyday as there are not much variety in campus. 2. Price of food is not affordable for students -‐ The price starts from RM15 and above with no 3. Closing time too early – Most restaurants in campus are closed at 9pm. Only the “mamak” and convenient stores are open 24/7. Most students who overnight at campus do not have a complete meal to eat.
- 10. 10 Fast Food Joint next to Sunway Toll 1. No direct access to campus from the restaurant – Students who drive have to make a huge round around Subang at a proximate duration of 15 minutes before going back to campus. 2. Isolated location – The fast food joint is located beside the toll in a non-‐strategic area and customers have to pay the toll after they finished dining. 3. No drive-‐thru service – Drive-‐thru service is not available, customers who are in a rush will not enjoy the convenience of taking away efficiently. Through studying the weaknesses of these areas, we have decided to improve on our construction project. The proposal is required to fulfill the following criteria. 1. The whole project will be finished within the estimated time. 2. The space is utilized sufficiently. 3. Benefit the society and improve on the weakness of the high-‐ end hypermarket, restaurants in syopz and fast food joint next to the Sunway Toll.
- 11. 11 CONCEPT Rationale of our concept: The concept of our site is to provide a convenient and affordable hypermarket including an efficient food court on the ground floor. We also aim to build this building with the cheapest yet sustainable materials with an attractive exterior design of the building. The interior of our building is also very organized for the customers to have a comfortable and organized grocery shopping experience. Organized shelves for easier access to find products Attractive and sustainable design
- 12. 12 Advantages of our concept: It is located at a site where it is easy to be accessed. It also very convenient for the residents nearby. Our concept is also very organized and it is easy for customers to find the products they need. There is also a food court and a fast food joint located at the ground floor of the building for the convenience of the customers in rush. The purpose of the food court is to provide more varieties for the customers as there are limited choices of restaurant nearby. Food Court with varieties Drive Thru services at fast food joints
- 13.
- 14.
- 15.
- 16.
- 17.
- 18.
- 19.
- 20.
- 21. 21 Car park and traffic flow Car parks are often associated with large retail complexes and steel framed car parks are a common solution. Column spacing of 5.2m and 7.5m align with 2 or 3 car park spaces and spans are often 4.5m, 7m and 4.5m so that a central aisle is created. Long-‐span steel framed car parks are also popular and 16.5m is the common span in these cases.
- 22. 22 Drainage System Catch Basins A catch basin is an inlet to a storm drain system that typically includes a grate where storm water enters, and a sump to capture sediment, debris and associated pollutants. Catch basins are designed specifically for capturing and conveying storm water. Typically, on private commercial or industrial sites, there is no standard for the placement of catch basins. Storm water drain systems are often installed based on the best professional judgment and experience of the design engineer. The estimated peak storm water flow rate dictates the number of catch basins needed on a site. The percent impervious surface, slope, average rainfall and rainfall intensity are all factors in calculating the peak flow rate. Vacuum Drainage System The condensation wastewater can be lifted vertically up from the freezer and transported through piping in the ceiling to a drain elsewhere in the building. Special greater tanks called interceptors are used to ensure the water transport's efficiency. The piping for condensation water can be moved easily when floor plans change.
- 23. 23 Fire Safety Fire safe design is important in retail buildings, both for provision of effective means of escape in a fire and also to protect the asset value of the building and its contents. The fire resistance is generally 120 minutes and a life safety sprinkler system is also required. Intumescent coatings are paint like materials which are inert at low temperatures but which provide insulation as a result of a complex chemical reaction at temperatures typically of about 200-‐250°C. At these temperatures the properties of steel will not be affected. Boards are used as structural fire protection. They offer the specified a clean, boxed appearance and have the additional advantages that application is a dry trade and may not have significant impacts on other activities. Also, boards are factory manufactured and thicknesses can be guaranteed. Furthermore, boards can be applied on unpainted steelwork.
- 24. 24 Attributes of Supermarket Construction 1. Speed of construction is increased by pre-‐fabrication. • Supermarket construction is fast, with contract durations for new build stores of 6000–7000m2 typically ranging from 22 to 26 weeks. Rationalized design and standard products are necessary to achieve such compressed programs. 2. Economy in terms of structure cost • As for all construction clients, supermarket chains are concerned about reducing initial build cost, but as owner occupiers, they also take into account the long-‐term impact of investment decisions. They use payback and life cycle costing assessments to determine additional investment in flexibility, reduced running costs or sustainability. 3. Sustainable design and lightweight construction • A store's target market will also influence the architectural design of the exterior of the building, and the materials that are used, glazing systems, floor finishes etc., that are partially determined by location, target market and projected turnover. 4. Long spans for flexible use of space • Supermarkets also have extensive back-‐of-‐store facilities for staff, offices and storage. Target figures for total back-‐of-‐house space have fallen from 50% of gross internal floor area to 25-‐ 40%, depending upon the size and target market of the store. 5. Convenience of traffic flow • Parking, access and distribution are also key aspects of the design solution. The space for car parking is also extensive and in some locations, double level car parks are required. Most supermarkets are serviced at night which requires suitable access, turning and off-‐loading space.
- 25. 25 Operational energy used in supermarkets Lighting was found to be the most significant energy demand, accounting for around a half of the total operational carbon emissions. Consequently efficient lighting systems coupled with optimum roof light design are important in delivering operational carbon reductions. The complexity of the interaction between building orientation, roof light design, lighting systems and daylight dimming lighting controls in supermarket buildings requires detailed dynamic thermal modelling in conjunction with good lighting design to develop an optimum lighting solution. Efficient lighting of supermarkets are highly dependent on the presence and configuration of the shelving and racking systems used. Where obstructions such as high bay racking are installed, the building is effectively split into a number of narrow, corridor‐type spaces which require many more fittings, and hence more energy, to achieve the same level and uniformity of lighting. Special greater tanks called interceptors are used to ensure the water transport's efficiency. The piping for condensation water can be moved easily when floor plans change.
- 26. 26 Task of professions involved in building constructions 1. Architect The architects provide various designs, then prepares drawings and a report presenting ideas to the client based on his needs. After discussing and agreeing on the initial proposal, architects develop final construction plans that show the building's appearance and details for its construction. The plan is then passed to the Structural Engineer for his own design. 2. Structure Engineer After the architectural design is completed, SE are the next professionals to work on the design. The job scope of the Structural Engineer includes -‐ Designing the structural members (slabs, beams, columns and foundations) with the Geotechnical Engineer. -‐ Determine the sizes (thickness span and depth) of structural members and the quality, size, type and quantity of reinforcements. -‐ Decide on the quality and type of materials used for structural members and the required concrete strength -‐Designs the roof trusses to sustain all expected loads and forces -‐Produces the structural drawings which is required for building construction approval. 3. Quantity Surveyor The QS estimates the project budget, analysis the effect of design changes on the budget and the most noticeable role preparation of Bill of Quantities that assist in the tender process, produce tender document and manage the tender process, clarify and evaluate tenders, variations control, contract administration and assessment of claims, negotiate and settlement of accounts, Valuing completed work and arranging for payments, expert witness report in case of dispute.
- 27. 27 4. Builder The Builder study the production information that is the drawings, schedules and specifications they analyze the build ability and maintainability of buildings. He writes on the construction method and program, assess the workmanship skill of artisan and suggest solution to technical problems. 5. Consultant The consultant represents the owner and to lend practical expertise to the job. Working on behalf of the owner, the consultant can identify and address potential construction problems in the design stages and, as an independent party, may be in the best position to suggest cost saving or time saving alternatives and to evaluate suggestions made by the other parties. 6. Mechanical and Electrical Engineer The M&E Engineers design layouts and requirements for building services for which is one of the requirements for building approval. Design and development of electrical systems required based on envisaged power consumption for safety and energy sustaining operation of buildings, construction and operation of Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. 7. The building contractor The BC is responsible for hiring, supervising, firing and payment of workers alongside obtaining materials for the project to precise specifications, mostly using the services of suppliers. The BC works based on agreed contract sum with building owners so, he controls Budget issues, follow that budget as closely as possible though there might be slight variation at the end of the project. They ensure that the project is completed within the specified time frame as well as reviewing the progress and implementing any changes along the course of completion.
- 28. 28 Local Authorities Approval UNDANG - UNDANG KECIL BANGUNAN SERAGAM 1984 BORANG A PERAKUAN PELAN - PELAN BANGUNAN / STRUKTUR ( Bagi endorsemen atas pelan - pelan untuk dikemukakan untuk diluluskan ) Undang - Undang Kecil 3 (1 ) ( C ) dan 16 ( 2 ) ________________20_____ Kepada : Yang Dipertua, MAJLIS PERBANDARAN SUBANG JAYA Saya memperakui bahawa butir - butir dalam pelan - pelan iaitu atas *Lot / Lot - lot dan No. Bangunan * Taman / Bandar / kawasan Jalan bagi adalah menurut kehendak - kehendak Undang - Undang Kecil Bangunan Seragam 1984 dan saya setuju terima tanggungjawab penuh dengan sewajarnya. _______________________ Orang Yang Mengemukakan Nama : Alamat : No. Pendaftaran : Kelas : MAJLIS PERBANDARAN SUBANG JAYA Jabatan Bangunan
- 29. 29 *Potongmanayangtidakberkenaan 1.a)NamadanAlamat: PemilikTanah/Bangunan b)No.Telefon: 2.a)NamadanAlamatpemaju: (JIkaberlainansepertidiatas) b)No.Telefon: 3.TajukPermohonan: (No.LotJalan,Mukim) 4.Bilangansetpelanyang: dikemukakan(termasuk1setlinen) 5.Butir–butirpelanyangdikemukakanadalahsepertiberikut:- Bil.TajukLukisanNo.Lukisan Catitan: 1.Kerja–kerjapembinaantidakdibenarkansebelumpelandiluluskan. Kegagalanpihaktuan/puanmematuhisyarat–syarattersebut,tuan/puanbolehapabiladisabitkan dikenakandendatidaklebihdaripadaRINGGITMALAYSIA:LIMAPULUHRIBUSAHAJAdanjuga bolehdikenakandendatambahansebanyakRINGGITMALAYSIA:SATURIBUSAHAJAbagitiap– tiapharikesalahanituditeruskan,selepassabitandibawahSeksyen70(13)Undang–Undang MalaysiaAktaJalan,ParitdanBangunan1974Akta133(Pindaan2007),Undang-UndangKecil BangunanSeragam1984(Pindaan2007). 2.Sebarangpindaankepadapelankelulusanhendaklahdikemukakanterlebihdahuluuntukkelulusan sebelumkerja-kerjapindaanditapakdilakukan.
- 30. 30 1. KIRAAN UNTUK BAYARAN PROSES PELAN BANGUNAN DAN CAGARAN / FI PENDAHULUAN SISA BAHAN BINAAN NAMA PERUNDING : NAMA PEMILIK : JENIS RUMAH / BANGUNAN : . JUMLAH YUNIT : . BIL PERKARA KADAR BAGI TIAP - TIAP 9 METER PERSEGI LUAS LANTAI ( METER PERSEGI ) BAYARAN MINIMUM JUMLAH 1. TINGKAT BAWAH RM 14.00 RM 140.00 2. TINGKAT SATU RM 12.00 RM 120.00 3. TINGKAT DUA RM 10.00 RM 100.00 4. TINGKAT TIGA RM 8.00 RM 80.00 5. TINGKAT KEEMPAT DAN TINGKAT ATASNYA ATAU TINGKAT BAWAH TANAH ( Selain Daripada Tingkat Bawah Tanah Terbuka ). RM 6.00 RM 60.00 6. TINGKAT BAWAH TANAH TERBUKA RM 3.00 RM 30.00 7. BANGUNAN YANG MEMPUNYAI SISI TERBUKA ( Teres, Langkan, Anjung Kereta, Bangsal Terbuka Dan Seumpamanya ). ½ daripada fi yang ditetapkan di para 1 - 6 ½ daripada fi yang ditetapkan di para 1 - 6 8. PINDAAN PELAN KELULUSAN YANG MELIBATKAN SUSUNATUR LANTAI DAN PECAH DINDING DALAMAN (Tidak Melibatkan Pertambahan Keluasan) ½ daripada fi yang ditetapkan di para 1-6 ½ daripada fi yang ditetapkan di para 1-6 9. KOLAM RENANG, DERMAGA, JAMBATAN BANGUNAN KHAS LAIN RM 50.00 RM 500.00 MAJLIS PERBANDARAN SUBANG JAYA Jabatan Bangunan MPSJ.RK.KPT(OSC)-07/01 PINDAAN : 03 TARIKH KUATKUASA : 01 OGOS 2014
- 31. 31 BIL PERKARA KADAR BAGI TIAP - TIAP 9 METER PERSEGI LUAS LANTAI ( METER PERSEGI ) BAYARAN MINIMA JUMLAH 10. TEMBOK PENAHAN RM 6.00 RM 60.00 11. SATU PAPAN TANDA PROJEK RM 100.00 12. SATU PAGAR - - RM 100.00 13. JUMLAH FI BAGI SEBUAH BANGUNAN 14. PEPASANGAN SANITARI @ 1 UNIT WATER CLOSET BASIN / SINK ‘LONG BATH’ / ‘URINAL’ RM 5.00 15. JUMLAH FI BAGI SANITARI RM 16. JUMLAH BAYARAN PROSES PELAN – (13) + (15) RM 17. SIJIL KELULUSAN BAGI TAMBAHAN/UBAHSUAIAN RUMAH KEDIAMAN @ RM 10.00 RM 18. JUMLAH BAYARAN CAGARAN / PINDAAN @ RM 120.00 / FI PENDAHULUAN SISA BAHAN BINAAN (DIBAYAR KEPADA ALAM FLORA SDN. BHD) RM 19. MENDEPOSITKAN BAHAN-BAHAN BINAAN ATAS JALAN RM 360.00 MINIMA (9 METER PERSEGI @ 1 BULAN) BAGI TAMBAHAN/UBAHSUAIAN BANGUNAN RM 20. PERMIT PEMASANGAN PAPAN DENDENG / KANVAS / PLASTIK / @ RM 150.00 UNTUK TAMBAHAN/UBAHSUAI BANGUNAN RM 21. BAYARAN 9 KALI GANDAAN FI PROSES PELAN BANGUNAN (BAGI TAMBAHAN / UBAHSUAIAN RUMAH KEDIAMAN SEDIA ADA) RM 22. JUMLAH BAYARAN KESELURUHAN (16) + (17) + (18) + (19) + (20) + (21) RM Disemak Oleh : Disahkan Oleh : . . . . Tarikh Tandatangan dan Cop Jawatan Tarikh Tandatangan dan Cop Jawatan
- 32. 32 2. KIRAAN PROSES PELAN UNTUK SKIM PERUMAHAN BERBILANG TINGKAT / RANGKAIAN / DERETAN BANGUNAN DAN LAIN-LAIN YANG BERKAITAN. JENIS RUMAH : JUMLAH YUNIT : YUNIT TINGKAT (A) 1 yunit 100 % 2 hingga 5 4 x (A) x 90 % 6 hingga 10 5 x (A) x 85 % 11 hingga 25 15 x (A) x 75 % 26 ke atas ___x (A) x 60 % JUMLAH (RM) Bawah Minima RM 140.00 Satu Minima RM 120.00 Dua Minima RM 100.00 Tiga Minima RM 80.00 Empat ke atas Minima RM 60.00 Tingkat bawah tanah tertutup Minima RM 60.00 Tingkat bawah tanah terbuka Minima RM 30.00 Lain-lain JUMLAH FI BAGI BANGUNAN – (A) RM PEPASANGAN SANITARI SINK / BASIN - YUNIT X RM 5.00 RM WC / SWC - YUNIT X RM 5.00 RM URINAL - YUNIT X RM 5.00 RM LONG BATH - YUNIT X RM 5.00 RM JUMLAH FI BAGI SANITAR – (B) RM JUMLAH KESELURUHAN - (A) + (B) RM
- 33. 33 3. PENGESAHAN BAYARAN PROSES PELAN / WANG CAGARAN / PINDAAN DAN FI PENDAHULUAN SISA BAHAN BINAAN. BIL. JENIS BANGUNAN JUMLAH BAYARAN (RM) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. JUMLAH BAYARAN PROSES PELAN – (A) BAYARAN CAGARAN/PINDAAN / FI PENDAHULUAN SISA BAHAN BINAAN – (B) JUMLAH BAYARAN – (A) + (B) RM Disemak Oleh : Disahkan Oleh : . . . . Tarikh Tandatangan dan Cop Jawatan Tarikh Tandatangan dan Cop Jawatan
- 34. 34 1 Borang Perakuan Pemohon | Jabatan Bangunan MAJLIS PERBANDARAN SUBANG JAYA Jabatan Bangunan BORANG PERAKUAN PEMOHON Ruj Kami : Tarikh : ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… ……………………………………………… (Pemohon) Kepada : Yang Dipertua, Majlis Perbandaran Subang Jaya 1. * CADANGAN TAMBAHAN DAN UBAHSUAIAN KE ATAS RUMAH TERES / RUMAH BERKEMBAR / RUMAH SESEBUAH ………. TINGKAT YANG SEDIADA DI ATAS NO………. P.T. NO. …………………JALAN ………………………………………………. TAMAN / BANDAR / KAWASAN ……………………………………………………………. MUKIM * DAMANSARA / PETALING, SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN. 2. * CADANGAN MEMBINA RUMAH SESEBUAH ………. TINGKAT DI ATAS NO. ……... P.T. NO. ………………… JALAN………………………………………TAMAN / BANDAR / KAWASAN ……………………………………………….. ……..MUKIM * DAMANSARA / PETALING, DAERAH PETALING, SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN. UNTUK : ………………………………………………………………………………………… Merujuk kepada perkara di atas saya / kami dengan ini mengeluarkan perakuan bahawa pihak pemilik : - 1.1 * Belum memulakan / telah memulakan kerja-kerja tambahan ubahsuaian di premis tersebut. Pihak Majlis berhak mengeluarkan notis kompaun atau denda 10 x gandaan proses pelan sebanyak RM ……………………….. sekiranya mendapati pembinaan telah dimulakan tanpa kelulusan daripada pihak Majlis berdasarkan :- Undang-undang kecil 17 dalam Jadual Pertama, Undang-Undang Kecil Bangunan Seragam 1984, Pindaan 2007. “ Bagi semua hal jika kerja telah dimulakan sebelum pelan-pelan diluluskan atau sesuatu permit diperolehi, suatu fee yang sama dengan sepuluh kali ganda daripada yang ditetapkan dalam paragraph yang releven terdahulu itu boleh dikenakan.Pembayaran fee yang dinaikkan ini tidak akan mengecualikan seseorang daripada didakwa oleh pihak berkuasa tempatan jika ia memutuskan untuk berbuat demikian. ”
- 35.