Iift Gk2 Geography

Key Prep Areas Continents and Countries Oceans and Seas Rivers and Lakes Mountains and Places Facts about the earth / atmosphere Climate, Flora and Fauna

CONTINENTS OF THE WORLD (by size) #1 Asia - (44,579,000 sq km) #2 Africa - (30,065,000 sq km) #3 North America - (24,256,000 sq km) #4 South America - (17,819,000 sq km) #5 Antarctica - (13,209,000 sq km) #6 Europe - (9,938,000 sq km) #7 Australia/Oceania - (7,687,000 sq km) CONTINENTS (by population) 2005 est. #1 Asia - (3,879,000,000) #2 Africa - (877,500,000) #3 Europe - (727,000,000) CONTINENTS (by the number of countries) #1 Africa - (53) #3 Europe - (46) #2 Asia - (44) Continents and Countries COUNTRY POPULATION (smallest) (February, 2006 numbers) Vatican City 920 Tuvalu 11,640 Nauru 13,050 COUNTRY POPULATION (largest) (February, 2006 numbers) China 1,306,313,800 India 1,080,264,400 USA 295,734,100 LARGEST COUNTRIES (by land mass) Russia 17,075,400 sq km, (6,592,846 sq miles) Canada 9,330,970 sq km, (3,602,707 sq miles) China 9,326,410 sq km, (3,600,947 sq miles) USA 9.166,600 sq km, (3,539,242 sq miles) Brazil 8,456,510 sq km, (3,265,075 sq miles) Australia 7,617,930 sq km, (2,941,283 sq miles) India 2,973,190 sq km, (1,147,949 sq miles) SMALLEST COUNTRIES (by land mass) Vatican City 0.44 sq km, (0.17 sq miles) Monaco 1.95 sq km, (0.75 sq miles) Nauru 21.2 sq km, (8.2 sq miles)

LARGEST CITIES ON THE PLANET Revised (10/01/04) Shanghai, China 13.3 million Mumbai ( Bombay ), India 12.6 million Buenos Aires, Argentina 11.92 million Moscow, Russia 11.3 million Karachi, Pakistan 10.9 million Delhi, India 10.4 million LARGEST METRO AREAS IN THE WORLD Toyko, Japan 31.2 million New York City – Phil’phia area, USA 30.1 million Mexico City, Mexico 21.5 million Seoul, South Korea 20.15 million Sao Paulo, Brazil 19.9 million Jakarta, Indonesia 18.2 million Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto, Japan 17.6 million New Delhi, India 17.36 million Mumbai, India ( Bombay ) 17.34 million Countries OLDEST COUNTRIES San Marino (301 AD) France (486 AD) Bulgaria (632 AD) YOUNGEST COUNTRIES Montenegro (July, 2006) S erbia (July, 2006) East Timor (2002) Palau (1994) Czech Republic (1993) RICHEST COUNTRIES (GNP in USA Dollars) Luxembourg ($45,360) Switzerland ($44,355) Japan ($41,010) POOREST COUNTRIES (GNP in USA Dollars) Mozambique ($80) Somalia ($100) Eritrea ($100) Ethiopia ($100) Congo, DNC ($100) COUNTRIES WITH MOST LAND BORDERS (The Most Neighboring Countries) China (14) Russian Federation (14) Brazil (10)

Oceans and Seas OCEANS OF THE WORLD (by size) Pacific (155,557,000 sq km) Atlantic (76,762,000 sq km) Indian (68,556,000 sq km) Southern (20,327,000 sq km) Arctic (14,056,000 sq km) Note the Southern Ocean was approved in 2000 OCEANS' GREATEST DEPTHS Mariana Trench , Pacific Ocean 35,827 ft Puerto Rico Trench, Atlantic Ocean 30,246 ft Java Trench , Indian Ocean 24,460 ft Arctic Basin , Arctic Ocean 18,456 ft DEEPEST OCEANS & SEAS Pacific Ocean (35,827 ft) (10,924 meters) Atlantic Ocean (30,246 ft) (9,219 meters) Indian Ocean (24,460 ft) (7,455 meters) Caribbean Sea (22,788 ft) (6,946 meters) Arctic Ocean (18,456 ft) (5,625 meters) MAJOR SEAS (by size) South China (2,974,600 sq km) Caribbean (2,515,900 sq km) Mediterranean (2,510,000 sq km) Bering (2,261,100 sq km) Gulf of Mexico (1,507,600 sq km) Arabian Sea (1,498,320 sq km) MAJOR ISLANDS (by size) Australia* (7,617.930 sq km.) widely considered part of a continental landmass, Greenland (2,175,600 sq km) New Guinea (792,500 sq km) Borneo (725,500 sq km) Madagascar (587,000 sq km)

Rivers and Lakes MAJOR RIVERS (By Length) Nile, Africa (6,825 km) Amazon, South America (6,437 km) Chang Jiang (Yangtze), Asia (6,380 km) Mississippi, North America (5,971 km) Yenisey-Angara, Asia (5,536 km) MAJOR LAKES (By Size) Caspian Sea, Asia-Europe (371,000 sq km) Superior, North America (82,100 sq km) Victoria, Africa (69,500 sq km) Huron, North America (59,600 sq km) Michigan, North America (57,800 sq km) DEEPEST LAKES (By Greatest Depth) Baikal, Russian Fed. (5,315 ft) Tanganyika, Africa (4,800 ft) Caspian Sea, Asia-Europe (3,363 ft) HIGHEST/LOWEST SURFACE POINTS (Below Sea Level, On Each Continent) Dead Sea, Asia -409 meters Lake Assal, Africa -156 meters Death Valley, North America -86 meters LANGUAGES OF THE WORLD Languages spoken by the most people (Native speakers only) Chinese Mandarin 1 billion + English 512 million Hindi 501 million Spanish 399 million Russian 285 million

Hottest,Coldest,Driest,Wettest Hottest Place Dalol, Denakil Depression, Ethiopia, annual average temperature (93.2°F, 34°C) Coldest Place Plateau Station, Antarctica, annual average temperature (-56.7°C) Wettest Place Mawsynram, Assam, India, annual average rainfall (11,873 mm, 467.4") Driest Place Atacama Desert, Chile, imperceptible rainfall on a yearly basis Mountains and Places TOP 10 TALLEST MOUNTAINS Mount Everest 8850m (29035ft) Nepal/China Qogir (K2) 8611m (28250ft) Pakistan Kangchenjunga 8586m (28169ft) Nepal Lhotse 8501m (27920ft) Nepal Makalu I 8462m (27765ft) Nepal Cho Oyu 8201m (26906ft) Nepal Dhaulagiri 8167m (26794ft) Nepal Manaslu I 8156m (26758ft) Nepal Nanga Parbat 8125m (26658ft) Pakistan Annapurna I 8091m (26545ft) Nepal DRIEST INHABITED PLACES (Rain fall in inches per year) Aswan, Egypt 0.02" Luxor, Egypt 0.03" Arica Desert, Chile 0.04" WETTEST INHABITED PLACES (Rain fall in inches per year) Buenaventira, Colombia 267" Monrovia, Liberia 202" Pagp Pago, American Samoa 198" LARGEST DESERTS OF THE WORLD ( SUBTROPICAL) Sahara, North Africa Arabian, Middle East Great Victoria, Australia (COOL COASTAL) Atacama, Chile SA Namib, S.W. Africa (COLD WINTER) Gobi, China Patagonian, Argentina

IIFT ‘06 54. The Aravalli is the oldest mountain range in India, running from northeast to southwest across Rajasthan in western India. b. The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India. It begins in eastern Gujarat near the Arabian Sea coast, then runs east through Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and ends in the state of Bihar . c. The Himalayas extend from the state of Jammu and Kashmir in the west to the state of Assam in the east . d. The Cardamom Hills located in Kerala, are named after the cardamom grown in the hill’s cool regions

IIFT ‘06 49. Sand dunes occur only in arid desert regions . Central Africa is home to the second largest rainforest. c. The heat build-up inside the earth reached a high early in the earth’s history. d. The troposphere is a layer of the earth’s atmosphere near its surface which is cooler higher up and warmer farther down.

Things to do.. Visit the India page on wikipedia.org and read through. Take the GK quizzes

Iift Gk2 Geography

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