Ijsea04031001

International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications
Volume 4 Issue 3, 2015, ISSN-2319-7560 (Online)
www.ijsea.com 79
Parametric Analysis of CO2 Laser for Quality of Weldox-
700 Material
Vadhel Ajay Jethabhai
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering
Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Jignesh Patel
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Indus Institute of Technology and Engineering
Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
Abstract: “Laser Cutting of weldox-700 materials is popular processes in manufacturing industries This research paper for primary
study for evaluate the effect of the processing parameters (Laser Power, gas pressure, pulse frequency and Cutting speed) under the
quality of the cut for weldox-700 materials. Then the experiment was done by 6mm thick weldox-700 material plates. In this
experiment focused on establish relation of different parameters on Cutting quality, which is decided by the Surface Roughness and
Kerf Width.
Keywords: Weldox-700, Cutting Speed, Cutting Quality, Laser Power, Taguchi method, Surface Roughness, Kerf Width
1. INTRODUCTION :
Laser Cutting machine definition describes itself “Laser
machine is a device which is used to generate & amplifies
light. Laser stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated
Emission of Radiation. Laser machine is an electrical-optical
device that produces coherent radiation. Simply put, a Laser is
a device that creates and amplifies a narrow, intense beam of
coherent light” [1].In the industries the high accuracy of
Cutting, higher production rate, good Cutting quality this all
thing proves that co2 Laser machine is good choice for
industrial application. There are many parameters are affected
like Laser Power, Cutting speed, gas pressure, pulse
frequency, thickness of material plates, focus length then after
measure Surface Roughness and Kerf Widths References[2]
give detailed descriptions of the Laser machine and the
mechanism of Laser Cutting of materials an Fig. 1shows
Schematic illustration for the process of co2 Laser Cutting of
metals. In this research paper Cutting of hardest material
Weldox-700 is selected which is used in earth moving
machine parts. Weldox-700 has hardness of 700 HBW; it has
also very good weld ability and good hardness. So it is used in
dumper bodies, mining equipment, water tanks, concreter
crusher and over head cranes [3].
Figure 1: Schematic illustration for the process of CO2 Laser
Cutting of metals
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE AND
OPERATION PARAMETERS :
2.1 Material :
The base material used in this study was weldox-700 sheet 6
mm thick, whose chemical composition listed in Table 1. This
weldox-700[3].
C Si Mn P S Mo Cu
0.20 0.60 1.60 0.020 0.010 0.70 0.30
Table 1: chemical composition of weldox-700
2.2 Taguchi method based experiment :
These experiments were performed with a 3.2 kW
CO2,To prevent the instability and damage caused by
back reflections, the cavity is isolated by using a beam
bender mirror with a multilayer coating that absorbs the
back reflected Laser beam. The Laser beam was focused
using a 127mm focal length lens except for the tests
conducted to detect the influence of this parameter. In
CW mode, when the Laser source delivers a constant
Power, the experiments were performed varying one
factor at a time. The ranges of Cutting parameter are
summarized in Table 2. A commercial Cutting head
incorporating a conical converging coaxial nozzle with a
1.5 mm exit diameter was employed to supply the assist
gas in a coaxial manner with the Laser beam. In the tests
conducted to reveal the influence of the nozzle exit on
the quality of the cuts, nozzles with an exit diameter of
1.5 mm were also used. The distance from the lower part
of the nozzle to the plate was fixed at 1.5mm except for
the tests conducted to reveal the influence of this
parameter. Compressed air, nitrogen and oxygen at
various pressures were used as assist gases. Based on

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experience for similar materials, oxygen and nitrogen are
the most recommended gases for the experimentation [4].
Most of the tests were performed using argon as assist
gas except from the test performed to investigate the
influence of the gas nature. In order to compare the
results, the experiments were performed on
unidirectional straight line Cutting. On the other hand,
the experiments conducted in pulsed mode were
performed by means of one-factor-at-a-time experiments
in a first stage. The ranges of Cutting parameters are
summarized in Table 2 Furthermore; a full factorial
design (FFD) approach was also performed to efficiently
screen out the key variables significantly affecting on the
response variables.
Symbol Factor Unit Level
1
Level
2
Level
3
A Power Watt 1100 1200 1300
B Pressure Bar 0.3 0.4 0.5
C Speed Mm/m
in
300 400 500
Table 2: control factor & theirs level used in experiment
2.3 Surface Roughness Measurement :
The Surface Roughness for all trial runs is measured with
Profilometer named as sj-201P. After the measuring
number of samples through Surface Roughness tester (SJ
-201P) In which we have measured L1, L2, L3 sample
lengths and considered their average value in terms of
length in mm. in figure we have described measuring
Surface Roughness of the sample and in table shown
results of Surface Roughness test according to
experiment.
2.4 Specification of Mitutoyo surface tester
SJ-201P[5] :
Table 3: Specification of surface tester SJ-201P
Table 4: Lay out using L27
 Measurement range : 350μm
 Tip radius : 5μm
 Measuring force : 4mN(Mega Newton)
 Radius of skid curvature : 40mm
 Detector drive range: 21mm
 Traversing speed:1) Measurement: 0.25
to 0.5 mm/s
2) Return: 0.8 mm/s
 AC Power supply 100V, 120V, 230V
Trail
No
A B C D
1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 2 2
3 1 1 3 3
4 1 2 1 2
5 1 2 2 3
6 1 2 3 1
7 1 3 1 3
8 1 3 2 1
9 1 3 3 2
10 2 1 1 2
11 2 1 2 3
12 2 1 3 1
13 2 2 1 3
14 2 2 2 1
15 2 2 3 2
16 2 3 1 1
17 2 3 2 2
18 2 3 3 3
19 3 1 1 3
15 3 1 2 1
21 3 1 3 2
22 3 2 1 1
23 3 2 2 2
24 3 2 3 3
20 3 3 1 2
26 3 3 2 3
27 3 3 3 1

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Figure 2: Surface Roughness Testing
Figure 3: Avg of Surface Roughness of plate 1 and sub part 2
Figure 4: Avg of Surface Roughness of plate 3 and sub part 1
Table 5: Results of Surface Roughness obtained by
experiment
Trail
No
Power(Watt) Pressure
(bar)
Cutting
Speed
(mm/min)
Pulse
frequency
(Hz)
Roughness
(micron)
1 1100 0.3 300 15 2.03
2 1100 0.3 400 20 1.09
3 1100 0.3 500 25 1.96
4 1100 0.4 300 20 2.73
5 1100 0.4 400 25 1.75
6 1100 0.4 500 15 2.88
7 1100 0.5 300 25 3.38
8 1100 0.5 400 15 2.96
9 1100 0.5 500 20 3.69
10 1200 0.3 300 20 1.82
11 1200 0.3 400 25 2.51
12 1200 0.3 500 15 2.68
13 1200 0.4 300 25 2.59
14 1200 0.4 400 15 2.72
15 1200 0.4 500 20 3.04
16 1200 0.5 300 15 2.48
17 1200 0.5 400 20 3.08
18 1200 0.5 500 25 3.46
19 1300 0.3 300 25 2.38
20 1300 0.3 400 15 2.14
21 1300 0.3 500 20 1.93
22 1300 0.4 300 15 2.47
23 1300 0.4 400 20 2.57
24 1300 0.4 500 25 3.25
25 1300 0.5 300 20 2.65
26 1300 0.5 400 25 3.98
27 1300 0.5 500 15 3.59

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2.5 Kerf Width Measurement :
The Kerf Width measurement was done by equipment using
by digital camera and image tool programs. In which first
digital camera was used to take the photographs of top bottom
cut kerf of test piece, after that the photographs were
transmitted in computer then after uploaded in image tool
software for used to measure length along kerf gap[6].
Figure 5: Kerf Width Analysis for plate no1 cut no7 by Image
tool 3.0
Figure 6: Kerf Width Analysis for plate no3 cut no9 by Image
tool 3.0
Table 6: Results of Kerf Width obtained by experiment
Trail
No
Power(Watt) Pressure
(bar)
Cutting
Speed
(mm/min)
Pulse
frequency
(Hz)
Kerfs
Width
(mm)
1 1100 0.3 300 15 0.40
2 1100 0.3 400 20 0.22
3 1100 0.3 500 25 0.28
4 1100 0.4 300 20 0.19
5 1100 0.4 400 25 0.87
6 1100 0.4 500 15 0.33
7 1100 0.5 300 25 0.16
8 1100 0.5 400 15 1.89
9 1100 0.5 500 20 0.37
10 1200 0.3 300 20 0.82
11 1200 0.3 400 25 0.56
12 1200 0.3 500 15 0.93
13 1200 0.4 300 25 0.54
14 1200 0.4 400 15 0.78
15 1200 0.4 500 20 0.48
16 1200 0.5 300 15 0.90
17 1200 0.5 400 20 1.29
18 1200 0.5 500 25 0.37
19 1300 0.3 300 25 1.13
20 1300 0.3 400 15 0.51
21 1300 0.3 500 20 1.86
22 1300 0.4 300 15 1.29
23 1300 0.4 400 20 0.49
24 1300 0.4 500 25 2.28
25 1300 0.5 300 20 1.47
26 1300 0.5 400 25 1.26
27 1300 0.5 500 15 2.48

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3. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION :
3.1 Discussion about Surface Roughness:
Figure 7: Graph of Cutting speed Vs Roughness with Laser
Power1100watt
Power1200watt
Power1300watt
3.2 Conclusion of Surface Roughness:
After studied the performance the of CO2 Laser Cutting of
weldox- 700 for 6mm thickness with oxygen assistant gas cut
by CO2 Laser Cutting machine made by Trumpf Laser
Technology. After the experiment the cut quality was defined
by focusing on Surface Roughness.
When the Laser Power is minimum like 1100watt, Cutting
speed is medium and the gas pressure is medium we get best
Surface Roughness like 1.09micron.
But when the Laser Power and Cutting speed are increased we
get rough Surface Roughness and we seen it in 1200watt
Cutting speed and 1300watt Laser Power graphs, and when
the Laser Power is maximum like 1300watt get maximum
Surface Roughness up to 3.98micron.
Sr.
No
Laser
Power
(watt)
Pressure
(bar)
Cutting
Speed
(mm/min)
Pulse
frequency
(Hz)
Surface
Roughness
(micron)
1 1100 0.3 400 20 1.09
2 1300 0.5 400 25 3.98
3.3 Discussion about Kerf Width:
Figure 10: Graph of Cutting speed Vs Kerf Width with Laser
Power1100watt
Power1200watt

www.ijsea.com 84
Power1300watt
3.4 Conclusion of Kerf Width :
After studied the performance the of CO2 Laser Cutting of
weldox- 700 for 6mm thickness with oxygen assistant gas cut
by CO2 Laser Cutting machine made by Trumpf Laser
Technology. After the experiment the cut quality was defined
by focusing on Surface Roughness
In which when the Laser Power is Minimum like 1100watt
and the Cutting speed is minimum 300 and gas pressure is
medium 0.5 we get Minimum Kerf Width like 0.16mm.
When the speed and Power are increased the Kerf Width is
increased. When the Power is highest 1300watt and Cutting
speed is highest 500 Kerf Widths is increased up to 2.48mm.
Sr.
No
Laser
Power
(watt)
Pressure
(bar)
Cutting
Speed
(mm/min)
Pulse
frequency
(Hz)
Kerf
Width
(mm)
1 1100 0.5 300 25 0.16
2 1300 0.5 500 15 2.48
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