Implementation of MIS and its methods
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The document discusses the implementation of Management Information Systems (MIS) as a necessary investment for organizations to enhance operational effectiveness in a competitive global environment. It outlines the Information Systems Development Cycle (SDLC), which includes stages like investigation, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. Additionally, the document presents various approaches to system implementation, such as the direct, parallel, modular, and phase-in strategies, each with its advantages and challenges.
Implementation of MIS and its methods
- 1. IMPLEMENTATION OF MIS & It’s METHOD
- 2. Why MIS ? • During the growth of a competitive global environment, there is considerable pressure on most organisations to make their operational, tactical, and strategic process more efficient and effective. • An information system (IS) is a group of components which can increase the competitiveness and gain better information for decision making. Consequently, many organisations decide to implement IS in order to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their organisations • Information systems have become a major function area of business administration. The systems, nowadays, plays a vital role in the e-business and e-commerce operations, enterprise collaboration and management, and strategic success of the business
- 3. MIS Implementation • The implementation of new information systems is a significant investment for organisations. Since information systems are sociotechnical systems, development involves the joint design of activity systems and ICT systems . • This information system implementation process concept is similar to a five-step process called the information systems development cycle which includes the steps of: (1) investigation; (2) analysis; (3) design; (4) implementation; and (5) maintenance
- 4. WHAT is SDLC Mainly used in Systems Engineering, Information Systems & Software Engineering. • A process of creating, or altering information systems, and the models & methodologies used to develop the systems.
- 5. Stages/Phases in SDLC • Systems Investigation • Systems Analysis • Systems Design • Systems Development • Systems Implementation • Systems Maintenance
- 7. System Investigation • Assesses feasibility and practicality of system • Determine if a new system is needed • Five primary tasks: • 1. List problems, opportunities and directives • 2. Negotiate preliminary scope • 3. Assess project worth • 4. Plan the project • 5. Present the project and plan
- 8. System Analysis • In depth study of old system and identifying new system requirements • Defines system from user's view • Forms of analysis • 1. Organisational Analysis • 2. Analysis of Present System • 3. Functional Requirements Analysis
- 9. System Design • Design new/alternative system • Specifies how the system will accomplish the objectives. • Consists of design activities to be implemented that was done earlier in the systems analysis stage • Systems design consists of 4 major activities: • 1.User Interface Design • 2. Data Design • 3. Process Design • 4. System Specifications
- 10. System Development • Build the system to the design specifications • Develop the software • 1. Purchase off-the-shelf software OR • 2. Write custom software • Acquire the hardware • Test the new system • 1. Module (unit) test - tests each part of system • 2. Integration testing - tests system as one unit • Create manuals for users and operators
- 11. System Implementation • Installing the system • Convert from old system to new system • Train end users • Compile final documentation • Testing & Evaluating the new system
- 13. • Direct Approach Direct installation of the new system with immediate discontinuance of the old existing system is reffered as “cold turnkey” approach. This approach becomes useful when these factors are considered. 1. The new system does no replace the existing system. 2. Old system is regarded absolutely of no value 3. New system is compact and simple. 4. The design of the new system is inexpensive with more advantages and less risk involved.
- 14. • Parallel Approach The selected new system is installed and operated with current system. This method is expensive because of duplicating facilities and personal to maintain both the systems. In this approach a target date must be fixed when the operations of old system cease and new one will operate on its own.
- 15. • Modular Approach This is generally recognized as “Pilot approach”, means the implementation of a system in the Organization on a piece-meal basis. This has few advantages / merits 1. The risk of systems failure is localized 2. The major problem can be easily identified and corrected before further implementation. 3. Operating personal can be trained before system is installed in a location.
- 16. • Phase-in-Implementation This approach is similar to modular method but it differs because of segmentation of system, however, not the organization. It has advantages that the rate of changes in a given Organization can be totally minimized and the data processing resource can be acquired gradually over a period of time. System exhibits certain disadvantages such as limited applicability, more costs incurred to develop interface with old system and a feeling in the Organization that system is never completed.
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