India

India “ Truth alone triumphs”

5,000 year old ancient civilization 325 languages spoken – 1,652 dialects 18 official languages 29 states, 5 union territories 3.28 million sq. kilometers - Area 7,516 kilometers - Coastline 1.3 Billion population. 5600 dailies, 15000 weeklies and 20000 periodicals in 21 languages with a combined circulation of 142 million. GDP $576 Billion. (GDP rate 8%) Parliamentary form of Government Worlds largest democracy. Worlds 4th largest economy. World-class recognition in IT, bio-technology and space. Largest English speaking nation in the world. 3 rd largest standing army force, over 1.5Million strong. 2 nd largest pool of scientists and engineers in the World.

India has the largest movie industry in the world, producing over 800 movies a year.

Bharat Forge has the world's largest single-location forging facility, its clients include Honda, Toyota and Volvo amongst others. Hero Honda with 1.7M motorcycles a year is now the largest motorcycle manufacturer in the world. India is the 2nd largest tractor manufacturer in the world. India is the 5th largest commercial vehicle manufacturer in the world. Ford has just presented its Gold World Excellence Award to India's Cooper Tyres. Suzuki, which makes Maruti in India has decided to make India its manufacturing, export and research hub outside Japan. Hyundai India is set to become the global small car hub for the Korean giant and will produce 25k Santros to start with. By 2010 it is set to supply half a million cars to Hyundai Korea. HMI and Ford. The prestigious UK automaker, MG Rover is marketing 100,000 Indica cars made by Tata in Europe, under its own name. Aston Martin contracted prototyping its latest luxury sports car, AM V8 Vantage, to an Indian-based designer and is set to produce the cheapest Aston Martin ever.

India: Technology Superpower Geneva-based STMicroelectronics is one of the largest semiconductor companies to develop integrated circuits and software in India. Texas Instruments was the first to open operations in Bangalore, followed by Motorola , Intel , Cadence Design Systems and several others. 80 of the World’s 117 SEI CMM Level-5 companies are based in India. 5 Indian companies recently received the globally acclaimed Deming prize . This prize is given to an organization for rigorous total quality management (TQM) practices. 15 of the world's major Automobile makers are obtaining components from Indian companies. This business fetched India $1.5 Billion in 2003, and will reach $15 Billion by 2007. New emerging industries areas include, Bio-Informatics , Bio-Technology , Genomics , Clinical Research and Trials. World-renowned TQM expert Yasutoshi Washio predicts that Indian manufacturing quality will overtake that of Japan in 2013. McKinsey believes India's revenues from the IT industry will reach $87 Billion by 2008. Flextronics, the $14 billion global major in Electronic Manufacturing Services, has announced that it will make India a global competence centre for telecom software development.

India: Trade Tata Motors paid $ 118 million to buy Daewoo commercial vehicle Company of Korea. Ranbaxy, the largest Indian pharmaceutical company, gets 70% of its $1 billion revenue from overseas operations and 40% from USA. Tata Tea has bought Tetley of UK for £260M. India is one of the world's largest diamond cutting and polishing centres, its exports were worth $6 Billion in 1999. About 9 out of 10 diamond stones sold anywhere in the world, pass through India. Garment exports are expected to increase from the current level of $6 billion to $25 billion by 2010. The country's foreign exchange reserves stand at an all-time high of $120 Billion. India's trade with China grew by by 104% in 2002 and in the first 5 months of 2003, India has amassed a surplus in trade close to $0.5M. Mobile phones are growing by about 1.5Million a month. Long distance rates are down by two-thirds in five years and by 80% for data transmission. Wal-Mart sources $1 Billion worth of goods from India - half its apparel. Wal-Mart expects this to increase to $10 Billion in the next couple of years. GAP sources about $600 million and Hilfiger $100 million worth of apparel from India .

India: Self-Reliance India is among six countries that launch satellites and do so even for Germany, Belgium, South Korea, Singapore and EU countries. India's INSAT is among the world's largest domestic satellite communication systems. India’s Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) was indigenously manufactured with most of the components like motor cases, inter-stages, heat shield, cryogenic engine, electronic modules all manufactured by public and private Indian industry. Kalpana Chawla was one of the seven astronauts in the Columbia space shuttle when it disintegrated over Texas skies just 16 minutes before its scheduled landing on Feb 1st 2003, she was the second Indian in space. Back in 1968, India imported 9M tonnes of food-grains to support its people, through a grand programme of national self-sufficiency which started in 1971, today, it now has a food grain surplus stock of 60M. India is among the 3 countries in the World that have built Supercomputers on their own. The other two countries being USA and Japan. India built its own Supercomputer after the USA denied India purchasing a Cray computer back in 1987. India’s new ‘PARAM Padma’ Terascale Supercomputer (1 Trillion processes per sec.) is also amongst only 4 nations in the world to have this capability. India is providing aid to 11 countries, writing-off their debt and loaning the IMF $300M. It has also prepaid $3Billion owed to the World Bank and Asian Development Bank.

India: Pharmaceuticals The Indian pharmaceutical industry at $6.5 billion and growing at 8-10% annually, is the 4th largest pharmaceutical industry in the world , and is expected to be worth $12 billion by 2008. Its exports are over $2 billion. India is among the top five bulk drug makers and at home, the local industry has edged out the Multi-National companies whose share of 75% in the market is down to 35%. Trade of medicinal plants has crossed $900M already. There are 170 biotechnology companies in India, involved in the development and manufacture of genomic drugs, whose business is growing exponentially. Sequencing genes and delivering genomic information for big Pharmaceutical companies is the next boom industry in India .

India: Foreign Multi-National Companies Top 5 American employers in India : General Electric: : 17,800 employees Hewlett-Packard : 11,000 employees IBM : 6,000 employees American Express : 4,000 employees Dell : 3,800 employees General Electric (GE) with $80 Million invested in India employs 16,000 staff, 1,600 R&D staff who are qualified with PhD’s and Master’s degrees. The number of patents filed in USA by the Indian entities of some of the MNCs (upto September, 2002) are as follows: Texas Instruments - 225, Intel - 125, Cisco Systems - 120, IBM - 120, Phillips - 102, GE - 95. Staff at the offices of Intel (India) has gone up from 10 to 1,000 in 4 years, and will reach 2000 staff by 2006. GE's R&D centre in Bangalore is the company's largest research outfit outside the United States. The centre also devotes 20% of its resources on 5 to 10 year fundamental research in areas such as nanotechnology , hydrogen energy , photonics , and advanced propulsion . It is estimated that there are 150,000 IT professionals in Bangalore as against 120,000 in Silicon Valley.

India: R&D Labs Established in 2002 with just two people, has scaled up to 20 specialists today. Plans exist to double its headcount by the beginning of 2004. Is totally dedicated to high-level research on futuristic technologies, with special focus on emerging markets. Bangalore. Established in 1996 with 10 people, has scaled up to 895 people today, and will be further scaled up to 1,000 before the end of 2003. Works on developing software for Philips products. Almost all Philips products that use software have some contribution from this centre. It is the largest software centre for Philips outside Holland. Innovation Campus, Bangalore. Established in November 1998 with 100 people, the Lab swill be scaled up to 1500 by the end of 2004. That will double 3000 staff by middle of 2006. It is the largest single-location R&D lab for SAP outside Walldorf, Germany. Nearly 10 percent of SAP's total R&D work is carried out from the Indian lab. Labs India, Bangalore. Established in 2001. Works on all IBM software like WebSphere, DB2, Lotus, Tivoli and Rational. The centre has added many new areas of activities such as middleware and business intelligence. Software Lab, Bangalore, Pune. Established in 1988 with 20 people, has scaled up to 1,000 today. Drives nearly 60 percent of the company’s global development delivery. R&D Centre, Bangalore and Mumbai. Established in mid-1999 with 20 people, has scaled up to 500 people today. Does work mainly on Sun's software which includes Solaris and Sun One. India Engineering Centre, Bangalore The Bangalore centre was established in 1994; the Hyderabad one in 1999. Oracle’s largest development centre outside the US currently has 6,000 staff. Does work on Oracle's database products, applications, business intelligence products and application development tools, besides other activities. India Development Centre, Bangalore, Hyderabad. Established in 1984. The centre started with just 20 people, now has 900 people working on VLSI and embedded software, which goes along with a chip or into the chip. R&D Centre, Bangalore Highlights R&D Centre

India: BPO The domestic BPO sector is projected to increase to $4 billion in 2004 and reach $65 billion by 2010. (McKinsey & Co.). The outsourcing includes a wide range of services including design, architecture, management, legal services, accounting and drug development and the Indian BPOs are moving up in the value chain. There are about 200 call centers in India with a turnover of $2 billion and a workforce of 150,000. 100 of the Fortune 500 are now present in India compared to 33 in China. Cummins of USA uses its R&D Centre in Pune to develop the sophisticated computer models needed to design upgrades and prototypes electronically and introduce 5 or 6 new engine models a year. Business Week of 8th December 2003 has said "Quietly but with breathtaking speed, India and its millions of world-class engineering, business and medical graduates are becoming enmeshed in America's New Economy in ways most of us barely imagine".

William H. Gates, Chairman and Chief Software Architect Microsoft Corporation (b-1955): “… after the Chinese, South Indians are the smartest people in the world.”

India: Technology Superpower Over 100 MNCs have set up R&D facilities in India in the past five years. These include GE, Bell Labs, Du Pont, Daimler Chrysler, Eli Lilly, Intel, Monsanto, Texas Instruments, Caterpillar, Cummins, GM, Microsoft and IBM. India’s telecom infrastructure between Chennai, Mumbai and Singapore, provides the largest bandwidth capacity in the world , with well over 8.5 Terabits (8.5Tbs) per second. With more than 250 universities, 1,500 research institutions and 10,428 higher-education institutes, India produces 200,000 engineering graduates and another 300,000 technically trained graduates every year. Besides, another 2 million other graduates qualify out in India annually. The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) is among the top three universities from which McKinsey & Company , the world's biggest consulting firm, hires most.

Indians abroad A snapshot of Indians at the helm of leading Global businesses The Co-founder of Sun Microsystems (Vinod Khosla), Creator of Pentium Chip (Vinod Dahm), Founder and creator of Hotmail (Sabeer Bhatia), Chief Executive of McKinsey & Co. (Rajat Gupta) President and CFO of Pepsi Cola (Indra Nooyi) President of United Airlines (Rono Dutta) GM of Hewlett Packard (Rajiv Gupta) President and CEO of US Airways (Rakesh Gangwal) Chief Executive of CitiBank (Victor Menezes), Chief Executives of Standard Chartered Bank (Rana Talwar) Chief Executive officer of Vodafone (Arun Sarin) President of AT & T-Bell Labs (Arun Netravali) Vice-Chairman and founder of Juniper Networks (Pradeep Sindhu) Founder of Bose Audio (Amar Bose) Founder, chip designer Cirrus Logic (Suhas Patil ) Chairman and CEO of Computer Associates (Sanjay Kumar) Head of (HPC WorldWide) of Unilever Plc . (Keki Dadiseth) Chief Executive Officer of HSBC (Aman Mehta) Director and member of Executive Board of Goldman Sachs (Girish Reddy) Chief Economist of the International Monetary Fund (Raghuram Rajan) Former CTO of Novell Networks (Kanwal Rekhi)

Indians in the USA. Of the 1.5M Indians living in the USA, 1/5 th of them live in the Silicon Valley. 35% of Silicon Valley start-ups are by Indians. Indian students are the largest in number among foreign students in USA. Statistics that show: 38% of doctors in the USA, 12% of scientists in the USA, 36% of NASA scientists, 34% of Microsoft employees, 28% of IBM employees, 17% of INTEL scientists, 13% of XEROX employees, … are Indians. US H1-B Visa applicants country of origin 1. India 44% 2. China 9% 3. Britain 5% 4. Philippines 3% 5. Canada 3% 6. Taiwan 2% 7. Japan 2% 8. Germany 2% 9. Pakistan 2% 10. France 2%

“ IIT = Harvard + MIT + Princeton” “ IIT = Harvard + MIT + Princeton” , says CBS ‘60 Minutes’. CBS' highly-regarded ‘60 Minutes’, the most widely watched news programme in the US, told its audience of more than 10 Million viewers that “IIT may be the most important university you've never heard of." "The United States imports oil from Saudi Arabia , cars from Japan , TVs from Korea and Whiskey from Scotland . So what do we import from India? We import people, really smart people," co-host Leslie Stahl began while introducing the segment on IIT. “…the smartest, the most successful, most influential Indians who've migrated to the US seem to share a common credential: They are graduates of the IIT.” “… in science and technology, IIT undergraduates leave their American counterparts in the dust.“ “ Think about that for a minute : A kid from India using an Ivy League university as a safety school. That's how smart these guys are.” There are “cases where students who couldn't get into computer science at IIT, they have gotten scholarships at MIT, at Princeton, at Caltech.”

Fashion and Miss World Year Position Miss India 2002 Semi-finalist Shruti Sharma 2001 Non Semi-finalist Sara Corner 2000 Winner Priyanka Chopra 1999 Winner Yukta Mookhey 1998 Non Semi-finalist Annie Thomas 1997 Winner Daina Hayden 1996 3rd runners up Rani Joan Jeyraj 1995 Non Semi-finalist Preeti Mankotia 1994 Winner Aishwariya Rai 1993 Non Semi-finalist Karminder Kaur 1992 Non Semi-finalist Celine Shyla 1991 Semi-finalist Ritu Singh 1990 Non Semi-finalist Naveeda Mehdi 1966 Winner Reita Faria

Science of Yoga “… The science of yoga was born in an age when mankind as a whole was more enlightened, and could easily grasp truths for which our most advanced thinkers are still grasping.” The science of yoga meditation had been taught by the ancient, sages, gurus, yogis, through oral tradition for thousands of years, they were finally put to Sanskrit by Patanjali in 500 b.c. “… It is because the groping for these truths has begun again that great yogis have reintroduced this ancient science to humanity at large.” Pre-eminent among them, even today, are the sages of the Himalayas. Today, the word yoga is much used and much misunderstood these days, reduced from its knowledge on the control of the conscious to that of the control of the body.

Rabindranath Tagore, Poet and writer of India’s national anthem and Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, (18611941): "Oneness amongst men, the advancement of unity in diversity – this has been the core religion of India.“

Swami Vivekananda, (1863-1902 ): “ I am proud to belong to a religion which has taught the world both tolerance and universal acceptance. We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept all religions as true. I am proud to belong to a nation which has sheltered the persecuted and the refugees of all religions and all nations of the earth. I am proud to tell you that we have gathered in our bosom the purest remnant of the Israelites, who came to Southern India and took refuge with us in the very year in which their holy temple was shattered to pieces by Roman tyranny. I am proud to belong to the religion which has sheltered and is still fostering the remnant of the grand Zoroastrian nation. I will quote to you, brethren, a few lines from a hymn which I remember to have repeated from my earliest boyhood, which is every day repeated by millions of human beings: ‘As the different streams having their sources in different paths which men take through different tendencies, various though they appear, crooked or straight, all lead to Thee.’ ”

Sri Aurobindo, (1872-1950): “… Like the majority of educated Indians, I have passively accepted without examination, the conclusion of European scholarship.” “… That we turn always the few distinct truths and the symbols or the particular discipline of a religion into a hard and fast dogmas, is a sign that as yet we are only infants in the spiritual knowledge and are yet far from the science of the Infinite.” "...The mind is not the highest possible power of consciousness; for mind is not in possession of Truth, but only its ignorant seeker.”

Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948): Gandhi was once asked what he thought about Western Civilization. His response was: "I think it would be a good idea.” "The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated.“ “ You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.” “ The only devils in this world are those running around inside our own hearts, and that is where all our battles should be fought.” “ If all Christians acted like Christ, the whole world would be Christian.” “ Woman, I hold, is the personification of self-sacrifice, but unfortunately today she does not realize what tremendous advantage she has over man.” “ Indians, will stagger humanity without shedding a drop of blood.” “ An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind.”

Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621-1675): The Kashmiri Brahmins, who were being persecuted by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, seeked the council of Guru Tegh Bahadur. The 9 th guru of the Sikhs upon hearing of the Brahmins predicament, responded: “ Unless a holy man lays down his head for the sake of the poor Brahmins, there is no hope for their escape from imperial tyranny.” , his young son reminded him “Revered father, who would be better equipped for this than yourself?” During Guru Tegh Bahadur’s subsequent imprisonment by Aurangzeb, he spoke out: “ Hinduism may not be my faith, …but I would fight for the right of all Hindus to live with honour and practice their faith according to their own rites…. “ “ All men are created by God and therefore must be free to worship in any manner they like. I neither convert others by force, nor submit to force, to change my faith.” The enraged Aurangzeb, upon realising Guru Tegh Bahadur would not convert to Islam, ordered his public beheading by the sword. His body was left in the dust as no one dared to pick up the body for fear of the emperors reprisal.

Sir C.V. Raman, (1888 – 1970) 1930 - Nobel Laureate in Physics for work on scattering of light and Raman effect. Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, (1858 – 1937) USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century old suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless-radio communication was Professor Jagdish Chandra Bose and not Guglielmo Marconi. Satyendranath Bose, (1894-1974) Indian Physicist , who solved one of the mysteries of quantum mechanics, showing that in the quantum world some particles are indistinguishable. His collaborations with Albert Einstein led to a new branch on statistical mechanics know commonly known as the “Einstein-Bose” statistics.

Srinivasa Ramanujam,(1887 – 1920): Great Indian Mathematician , whose interest from academics at Trinity, College, Cambridge, led him to collaborate there and postulate and prove well over 3,542 theorems. Amartya Sen, (b-1933): 1998 - The Nobel Prize for Economics for his redefining work on ethical welfare economics. Currently residing as Lamont University Professor Emeritus at Harvard, after stepping down from the prestigious post of Master of Trinity College, Cambridge. Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, (1910-1995): 1983 Nobel Laureate in Physics . His many contributions to physics, on the structure and evolution of stars including rotational figures of equilibrium, stellar interiors, black holes, radiative transfer, hydromagnetic stability, stellar dynamics. Har Gobind Khorana, (b-1922 ): 1968 - Nobel Laureate in Medicine for work on interpretation of the genetic code . Currently residing as professor at MIT.

India India never invaded any country in her last 10,000 years of history. It is the only society in the world which has never known slavery. India was the richest country on Earth until the time of the British in the early 17th Century Robert Clive’s personal wealth amassed from the blunder of Bengal during 1750’s was estimated at around £401,102 It has been estimated that the total amount of treasure that the British looted from India had already reached £1,000,000,000 (£1Billion) by 1901. Taking into consideration interest rates and inflation this would be worth close to $1,000,000,000,000 ($1Trillion) in real-terms today.

Vedic Civilization Indus & Saraswati Civilizations Rise of Jainism and Buddhism Mauryan Period Golden Age of Indian Arts & Sciences Muslim Invasions The Mughal Empire Portuguese Invasion The British East-India Company The British Empire India's Freedom Struggle Independence Modern India 2020 Vision A Brief History of Time

India India invented the Number System. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta . The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC. Aryabhatta was the first to explain spherical shape, size ,diameter, rotation and correct speed of Earth in 499 AD. The World's first university was established in Takshila in 700 BC. Students from all over the World studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4th century was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education. Sanskrit is considered the mother of all higher languages. Sanskrit is the most precise, and therefore suitable language for computer software - a report in Forbes magazine , July 1987. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans. Charaka, the father of medicine consolidated Ayurveda 2500 years ago. Today Ayurveda is fast regaining its rightful place in civilization. Christopher Columbus was attracted India's wealth and was looking for route to India when he discovered the American continent by mistake. The art of Navigation was born in the river Sindh 6000 years ago. The word ‘Navigation’ is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH. The word navy is also derived from Sanskrit 'Nou'. In Siddhanta Siromani (Bhuvanakosam 6) Bhaskaracharya II described about gravity of earth about 400 years before Sir Isaac Newton. He also had some clear notions on differential calculus, and the Theory of Continued Fraction.

Languages of India Hindi Sanskrit Tamil Gujarati Urdu Punjabi Malayalam Bengali Marathi Konkani Kannada Assamese Telegu Oriya Rajasthani

Vedic Philosophy The Vedas are the oldest written text on our planet today. They date back to the beginning of Indian civilization and are the earliest literary records of the human mind. They have been passed through oral tradition for over 10,000 years, and first appeared in written form between 2500 - 5,000 years ago. Veda means “Knowledge” in Sanskrit.

The Ancient Vedic Hymns Rig Veda - Knowledge of Hymns, 10,859 verses “ There is only one truth, only men describe it in different ways.“ Yajur Veda - Knowledge of Liturgy, 3,988 verses Sama Veda - Knowledge of Classical Music, 1,549 verses Ayur Veda - Knowledge of Medicine, over 100,000 verses Upanishads Jyotisha – Astrology and Astronomy. Kalpa – Rituals and Legal matters. Siksha – Phonetics. Aitareya – Creation of the Universe, Man and Evolution. Chandogya – Reincarnation, Soul. Kaushitaki – Karma. Kena – Austerity, Work, and Restraint. Dharnur Veda – Science of Archery and War. Mundaka – Discipline, Faith and warning of Ignorance. Sulba Sutra – Knowledge of Mathematics Yoga Sutra - Knowledge of Meditation Kama Sutra - Knowledge of Love and Sex

Sanskrit ( संस्कृत ) Sanskrit was the classical language of India, older than Hebrew and Latin. It is the oldest, most scientific, systematic language in the world. It became the language of all cultured people in India and in the countries that were influenced by India. Sanskrit literally means “refined” or “perfected” 'measuring the earth’ 'measuring triangular forms‘ ‘ first person pronoun’ ‘ the same’ mother papa / father brother sister geometry trigonometry door me name smile equal matar pitar bhratar svasar gyaamti trikonamiti dvaar ma naman smi eka Sanskrit meaning English meaning Sanskrit word

India Theory of Continued Fraction was discovered by Bhaskaracharya II. Indians discovered Arithmetic and Geometric progression . Arithmetic progression is explained in Yajurveda. Govindaswamin discovered Newton Gauss Interpolation formula about 1800 years before Newton. Vateswaracharya discovered Newton Gauss Backward Interpolation formula about 1000 years before Newton. Parameswaracharya discovered Lhuiler’s formula about 400 years before Lhuiler. Nilakanta discovered Newton’s Infinite Geometric Progression convergent series. Positive and Negative numbers and their calculations were explained first by Brahmagupta in his book Brahmasputa Siddhanta. Aryabhatta also propounded the Heliocentric theory of gravitation , thus predating Copernicus by almost one thousand years. Madhavacharya discovered Taylor series of Sine and Cosine function about 250 years before Taylor. Madhavacharya discovered Newton Power series. Madhavacharya discovered Gregory Leibnitz series for the Inverse Tangent about 280 years before Gregory. Madhavacharya discovered Leibnitz power series for pi about 300 years before Leibnitz. Bhaskaracharya calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun hundreds of years before the astronomer Smart. Time taken by earth to orbit the sun: (5th century) 365.258756484 days Infinity was well known for ancient Indians. Bhaskaracharya II in Beejaganitha(stanza-20) has given clear explanation with examples for infinity

Similarities to Greek mythology Hercules (Herakles) fighting the Lernaean Hydra Krishna (Harekrsna) fighting the Kaliya Serpent

Similarities to Greek mythology Dionysus (Dionysos) holding a Trident Shiva , holding the Trident, resting on a leopard skin with a Cobra perched beside him, his abode is Mount Kailas, Himalayas Dionysus (Dionysos) encircled with a snake, with leopard by his side, with the moon in the background, his abode is Mount Olympus

Similarities to Biblical mythology The ancient Vedic Aryan Hindus (Indus Saraswati) spoke about a series of Ten Pitris who ruled before the global Flood. Ancient Babylonian legend speaks of a pre-Flood series of ten kings. The ancient Egyptians described Ten Shining Ones who ruled consecutively before the Deluge. The last of these kings in the aforementioned lists was the hero who led seven others aboard a vessel in which they survived the global Flood. In ancient India, the hero was Manu who survived the global-Flood "pralaya" with the Seven Rishis. In ancient Babylon, the hero's name was Zisudra who spear-headed the survival on the Ark of seven other humans, the Seven Apkallu. In ancient Egypt, the Flood hero was Toth who survived the Deluge along with the Seven Sages.

Did the Vedic Aryans travel as far as Easter Island? The Easter Islands located in the Pacific Ocean, were situated far away from any civilization. The craftsmanship of these islands corresponds to the one of the ancient Incas. The sign script of the Easter Islands almost equals the ancient scripts of Indus Valley. Indus Saraswati symbols Easter Island symbols Were the Ancient Vedic civilisation of Indus Saraswati valley Trans-Oceanic seafarers?

The Surya Siddhanta, A textbook on astronomy of ancient India, last compiled in 1000 BC, believed to be handed down from 3000 BC by aid of complex mnemonic recital methods still known today. Showed the Earth's diameter to be 7,840 miles, compared to modern measurements of 7,926.7 miles. Showed the distance between the Earth and the Moon as 253,000 miles, Compared to modern measurements of 252,710 miles.

India The value of " pi " was first calculated by Boudhayana , and he explained the concept of what is known as the Pythagorean Theorem. He discovered this in the 6th century long before the European mathematicians. This was ‘validated’ by British scholars in 1999. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India. Quadratic equations were propounded by Sridharacharya in the 11th century. The largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Hindus used numbers as big as 10 53 with specific names as early as 5000 BC during the Vedic period. Even today, the largest used number is Tera: 10 12 . Maharshi Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted complicated surgeries like caesareans, cataract, artificial limbs, fractures, urinary stones and even plastic surgery. Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient India. Over 125 surgical equipments were used. Detailed knowledge of anatomy, physiology, aetiology, embryology, digestion, metabolism, genetics and immunity is also found in many texts. When many cultures were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in the Sindhu Valley Civilization.

India Brahmagupta , 630 A.D., said, the following about Gravity , “ Bodies fall towards the earth as it is in the nature of the earth to attract bodies, just as it is in the nature of water to flow".

The world famous and priceless “ Kohinoor” diamond , which is set in the Crown of the British monarch (Queen Victoria, and Elizabeth II), was acquired from India. According to the Gemological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source for diamonds to the world. Chess (Shataranja or AshtaPada) was reportedly invented in India. The game of snakes & ladders was created by the 13th century poet saint Gyandev. It was originally called 'Mokshapat.' The ladders in the game represented virtues and the snakes indicated vices. India RigVedas (1.50), a hymn addressed to the Sun, refers quite clearly that the Sun traverses 2,202 yojanas in half a nimesha. This is in fact refers to the speed of light. The World's First Granite Temple is the Brihadeswara temple at Tanjavur in Tamil Nadu. The shikhara is made from a single '80-tonne' piece of granite.

Kalarippayat - Origin of Martial arts – 200 BC Kerala, South India, guardians of the origins of modern martial-arts, influenced by Yoga and connected to the ancient Indian sciences of war (dhanur-veda) and medicine (ayur-veda). The origin of kung-fu begins with the legend of a monk named Bodhidharma (also known as Ta Mo) who travelled from India to China around 500 A.D.

Manipuri Bharata Natyam Odissi Mohini Attam Kuchipudi Kathakali Kathak 7 Classical Dance forms

India's ancient achievements in Medical Science 20 th Century Yogsootra Cunavidhi Definition of Sleep Prashna-Upanishad Bose, 19 th Century Mahabharat Life in trees and plants 19 th – 20 th Century Upanishad 16 Functions of the Brain Eitereya Haneman, 18 th Century S-Bhagwat (1-5-33) A material producing a disease can prevent or cure the disease in minute quantity 20 th Century Mahabharat Developing Embyro in Vitro (Mahabharat)(5500 BCE) Mahabharat Eitereya Upanishad (6000 BCE) Shrimad Bhagwat Shrimad Bhagwat Mahabharat Mahabharat Heart Eitereya Upanishad -(6000 BCE) RigVed Shrimad Bhagwat Mahabharat (5500 BCE) RigVed (1-116-15) Ancient Reference 20 th Century Cell Division (in 3 layers) 19 th Century Embryology 18 th Century Micro-organisms Not yet Elongation of Life in confirmed Space Travel Not possible yet Not possible yet Test Tube Babies ( from the ovum only) Test Tube Babies ( from the sperm only) 1860 – 1910 A.D. Chromosomes 20 th Century Parthenogenesis Robinson, 1972 Beginning of the Foetal Labyrinth Analysis of Ears 20 th Century Combination of Male and Female 1890 A.D. Number of Chromosomes (23) 20 th Century Artificial Limb Modern Reference Knowledge

India's ancient achievements in Physical Science 1800 A.D. Shrimad Bhagwat (4000 B.C.) Atom (Divisible) & (Indivisible) ---- RigVed,Ramayana,Samarangan Sutradhara (1050 A.D.) Aeroplanes ---- Samarangan Sutradhara (1050 A.D.) Robot ---- Valmiki Ramayan (7300 B.C) Entry in South America by Aeroplanes 1960 A.D. Valmiki Ramayan (7300 B.C) Phosphorescent Trident at the Bay of Pisco, Peru, S.America RigVed (23720 B.C) Eitereya Upanishad (6000 BCE) Vishvaruchi(Mundakopanishad) Spullingini (Mundakopanishad) Manojava (Mundakopanishad) Sudarshan, Sulohita (M.U) Sudhumravarna - (Mundakopanishad - M.U) (6000 B.C) Shankaracharya (500 B.C) Shrimad Bhagwat (4000 BC) Mahabharat (5500 BC) RigVed - Sayan Bhashya (1400 A.D) Ancient Reference 20 th Century Black Holes 19 th Century Embryology ---- Monsoon at Summer Solstice 20 th Century Nuclear Energy 1968 Tachyons faster than light ---- Infra-Red Band ---- Ultraviolet Band 17 th Century Gravitational Force (Prashnopanishad) Under trials Space Travel to another solar system 17-19 th Century Trans-Saturnean Planets 19 th Century Velocity of Light Modern Reference Knowledge

J. Robert Oppenheimer, American nuclear physicist (1904-1967): "If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst into the sky, that would be like the splendor of the Mighty One. . . . Now I am become death, the destroyer of worlds.“ Oppenheimer "the father of the atomic bomb" quoting from the Hindu scripture Bhagavad-Gita upon witnessing the mushroom cloud resulting from the detonation of the world’s first atomic bomb in New Mexico, U.S.A., on July 16, 1945. “ Access to the Vedas is the greatest privilege this century may claim over all previous centuries. “

Victor Cousin, French Philosopher (1792-1867): "When we read the poetical and philosophical monuments of the East – above all, those of India, which are beginning to spread in Europe – we discover there many a truth, and truths so profound, and which make such a contrast with the meanness of the results at which European genius has sometimes stopped, that we are constrained to bend the knee before the philosophy of the East, and to see in this cradle of the human race the native land of the highest philosophy.“

Hu Shih, former Ambassador of China to USA (1891-1962): "India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.”

Dr. Arnold Joseph Toynbee, British Historian (1889-1975): "It is already becoming clear that a chapter which had a Western beginning will have to have an Indian ending, if it is not to end in the self-destruction of the human race. At this supremely dangerous moment in human history, the only way of salvation for mankind is the Indian way."

Albert Einstein (1879 -1955): “ When I read the Bhagavad-Gita and reflect about how God created this universe everything else seems so superfluous.” "We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.“

Will Durant, American historian, (1885-1981): "India was the motherland of our race, and Sanskrit the mother of Europe's languages; she was the mother of our philosophy; mother, through the Arabs, of much of our mathematics; mother, through the Buddha, of the ideals embodied in Christianity; mother, through the village community, of self-government and democracy. Mother India is in many ways the mother of us all". “ Perhaps in return for conquest, arrogance and spoilation, India will teach us the tolerance and gentleness of the mature mind, the quiet content of the unacquisitive soul, the calm of the understanding spirit, and a unifying, a pacifying love for all living things.”

Sir William Jones, Jurist, (1746-1794): “… The Sanskrit language is of wonderful structure, more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin and more exquisitely refined than either. “ ... a stronger affinity than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong, indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without first believing them to have sprung from some common source... ”

Ralph Waldo Emerson, Philosopher (1803-1882): "I owed a magnificent day to the Bhagavad-Gita. It was the first of books; it was as if an empire spoke to us, nothing small or unworthy, but large, serene, consistent, the voice of an old intelligence which in another age and climate had pondered and thus disposed of the same questions which exercise us.“ “ The Indian teaching, through its clouds of legends, has yet a simple and grand religion, like a queenly countenance seen through a rich veil. It teaches to speak truth, love others, and to dispose trifles. The East is grand - and makes Europe appear the land of trifles. ... all is soul and the soul is Vishnu ...cheerful and noble is the genius of this cosmogony” “ When India was explored, and the wonderful riches of Indian theological literature found, that dispelled once and for all, the dream about Christianity being the sole revelation. - Nature makes a Brahmin of me presently.”

Arthur Schopenhauer, German Philosopher (1788-1860): "In the whole world there is no study so beneficial and so elevating as that of the Upanishads . It has been the solace of my life – it will be the solace of my death." “ It is the most rewarding and the most elevating book which can be possible in the world. “ “ I believe that the influence of the Sanskrit literature will penetrate not less deeply than did the revival of Greek literature in the fifteenth century.”

Henry David Thoreau, American Philosopher (1817-1862): “… In the morning I bathe my intellect in the stupendous and cosmological philosophy of the Bhagavad-Gita in comparison with which our modern world and its literature seem puny and trivial." “… Whenever I have read any part of the Vedas, I have felt that some unearthly and unknown light illuminated me. In the great teaching of the Vedas, there is no touch of the sectarianism. It is of ages, climes, and nationalities and is the royal road for the attainment of the Great Knowledge. When I am at it, I feel that I am under the spangled heavens of a summer night.“

Mark Twain, American Author (1835-1920): “ This is India! The land of dreams and romance, of fabulous wealth and fabulous poverty, of splendor and rags, of palaces and hovels, of famine and pestilence, of genii and giants and Aladdin lamps, of tigers and elephants, the cobra and the jungle, the country of a hundred nations and a hundred tongues, of a thousand religions and two million gods, cradle of the human race, birthplace of human speech, mother of history, grandmother of legend, great-grandmother of tradition, whose yesterdays bear date with the mouldering antiquities of the rest of the nations – the one sole country under the sun that is endowed with an imperishable interest for alien persons, for lettered and ignorant, wise and fool, rich and poor, bond and free, the one land that all men desire to see, and having seen once, by even a glimpse, would not give that glimpse for all the shows of all the rest of the globe combined. Even now, after a lapse of a year, the delirium of those days in Bombay has not left me and I hope it never will.”

Ken Wilber American Philosopher and Author (b-1949): “ Larry [Warchowski] is just about as philosophically /spiritually well read as anyone you're likely to find, and The Matrix films are a stunning tribute to that fact. Larry said that when he found Ken's work, "It was like Schopenhauer discovering the Upanishads."

Professor Max Muller, (1823-1900): "India, what can it teach us?, "If I were to look over the whole world to find out the country most richly endowed with all the wealth, power and beauty that nature can bestow, in some parts a very paradise on earth, I should point to India. If I were asked under what sky the human mind has most developed some of it choicest gifts, has most deeply pondered on the greatest problems of life and has found solutions of some of them which will deserve the attention even of those who have studied Plato and Kant, I should point to India. And if I were to ask myself from what literature we, here in Europe, who have been nurtured most exclusively on the thoughts of the Greeks and Romans and of the Semitic race and the Jewish may draw that corrective which is most wanted in order to make our inner life more comprehensive, more universal, in fact a more truly human life, again, I should point to India".

The Encyclopaedia Britannica says: "Man must have an original cradle land whence the peopling of the earth was brought about by migration. As to man’s cradle land, there have been many theories but the weight of evidence is in favour of Indo-Malaysia.” " If there is a country on earth which can justly claim the honour of having been the cradle of the Human race or at least the scene of primitive civilization, the successive developments of which carried into all parts of the ancient world and even beyond, the blessings of knowledge which is the second life of man, that country is assuredly India .“

George Harrison, Beatles (1943 - 2001): "For every human there is a quest to find the answer to why I am here, who am I, where did I come from, where am I going. For me that became the most important thing in my life. Everything else is secondary." "Here everybody is vibrating on a material level, which is nowhere. Over there [India], they have this great feeling of something else that's just spiritual going on. “

Lin Yutang, Chinese writer, (1895-1976): “ India was China’s teacher in religion and imaginative literature, and world’s teacher in Trigonometry, quadratic equations, grammar, phonetics, Arabian Nights, animal fables, chess as well as in philosophy, and she inspired Boccasccio, Goethe, Schopenhauer and Emerson."

Voltaire Author and Philosopher, (1694-1778): "It does not behove us, who were only savages and barbarians when these Indian and Chinese peoples were civilized and learned, to dispute their antiquity."

Aldous Huxley, English novelist (1894-1963): “ The (Bhagavad) Gita is one of the clearest and most comprehensive summaries of the perennial philosophy ever to have been done. Hence its enduring value, not only for the Indians, but also for all mankind. It is perhaps the most systematic spiritual statement of the perennial philosophy. “

Dalai Lama, (b-1935): “ Hindus and Buddhists, we are two sons of the same mother."

Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936): “ Now it is not good for the Christian's health to hustle the Hindu brown. For the Christian riles and the Hindu smiles and weareth the Christian down ; And the end of the fight is a tombstone while with the name of the late deceased and the epitaph drear , ‘A fool lies here who tried to hustle the east’ ".

Apollonius Tyaneus Greek Thinker and Traveller, 1st Century AD "In India I found a race of mortals living upon the Earth, but not adhering to it. Inhabiting cities, but not being fixed to them, possessing everything but possessed by nothing."

John Archibald Wheeler Theoretical Physicist, who coined “Black Hole” (b-1911): “ I like to think that someone will trace how the deepest thinking of India made its way to Greece and from there to the philosophy of our times.”

Guy Sorman, author of “Genius of India”: “ Temporal notions in Europe were overturned by an India rooted in eternity. The Bible had been the yardstick for measuring time, but the infinitely vast time cycles of India suggested that the world was much older than anything the Bible spoke of. It seem as if the Indian mind was better prepared for the chronological mutations of Darwinian evolution and astrophysics .”

Adam Smith, Father of economics, and author of “Wealth of Nations”: (1723-1790) "The difference between the genius of the British constitution which protects and governs North America, and that of the mercantile company [British East India Company] which oppresses and domineers in the East Indies[India], cannot perhaps be better illustrated than by the different state of those countries."

H.G. Wells, Sociologist, and Historian and Author of “Time Machine” and “War of the Worlds” (1866-1946): "The history of India for many centuries had been happier, less fierce, and more dreamlike than any other history. In these favourable conditions, they built a character - meditative and peaceful and a nation of philosophers such as could nowhere have existed except in India."

Friedrich Mejer: “ It will no longer remain to be doubted that the priests of Egypt and the sages of Greece have drawn directly from the original well of India, that it is to the banks of the Ganges and the Indus that our hearts feel drawn as [if] by some hidden urge.”

Jean-Sylvain Bailly, French Astronomer, (1736-1793) : “ The motion of the stars calculated by the Hindus before some 4500 years vary not even a single minute from the tables of Cassine and Meyer (used in the 19-th century). … The Hindu systems of astronomy are by far the oldest and that from which the Egyptians, Greek, Romans and - even the Jews derived from the Hindus their knowledge.”

George Bernard Shaw, Irish dramatist, literary critic, socialist spokesman (1856-1950): “ The Indian way of life provides the vision of the natural, real way of life. We veil ourselves with unnatural masks. On the face of India are the tender expressions which carry the mark of the Creator's hand.”

Dr David Frawley, American Teacher, Doctor, Author, Speaker, Historian “ India possesses a great indigenous civilization dating back to 7000 BC, such as recent archaeological discoveries at Mehrgarh clearly reveal. It had the most extensive urban culture in the world in the third millennium BCE with the many cities of the Indus and Sarasvati rivers. When the Sarasvati river of Vedic fame dried up in the second millennium BCE, the culture shifted east to the more certain rivers of the Gangetic plain, which became the dominant region of the subcontinent. Gone is the old idea of the Aryan invasion and an outside basis for Indian culture. In its place is the continuity of a civilization and its literature going back to the earliest period of history. Unfortunately, over the first fifty years since Independence, India has not discovered its real roots. Its intellectuals have mimicked Western trends in thought. They have forgotten their own profound modern sages like Swami Vivekananda and Sri Aurobindo who projected modern and futuristic views of the Indian tradition. While Westerners come to India seeking spiritual knowledge, Indian intellectuals look to the West with an adulation that is often blind, if not obsequious.”

Francois Gautier, French Journalist and Writer (b-1950-): “ Cry! O my beloved India!“ “ The BJP government has fallen. You are exulting, O Christians! You seem to forget how much this country gave you: the first Christian community in the world, that of the Syrian Christians, was established in Kerala in the 1st century.” The BJP government has fallen. You are rejoicing, O Muslims! You seem to forget that Arab merchants came to Hindu India long before the first Muslim invasions of the 7th century. They were also welcomed and allowed to practise their religion in peace and to trade as they liked. The BJP government has fallen. You are rejoicing, O Marxists! But do you understand that Marxism is dead all over the world; and that even in China it is Marxism in name only, as its government actually implements capitalist policies? The BJP government has fallen. Your are rejoicing, O members of the Indian intelligentsia! You think that reading the latest New York Times bestseller, speaking polished English, and putting down your own countrymen, specially anybody who has a Hindu connection, makes you an intellectual. But in the process you have not only lost your roots, you have turned your back on a culture and civilisation that is thousands of years old and has given so much to the world. Cry O my beloved India, look what thy children have done to thee!

Mount Kailas, Himalayas “ abode of snow” – in Sanskrit

Western Thar Desert, Rajasthan

“ Gods Own Country”, Kerala

1 Billion people, 1 Billion Gods Rama Ganesha Saraswati Lakshmi Nanak Buddha Christ Devi Krsna Murugan SARASWATI

Destroyer Shiva Preserver Vishnu Creator Brahman The Trinity

The Ancient Indian Epics Ramayana Mahabharata Longest Epic in world literature with 100,000 two-line stanzas, first composed about 5000 years ago. The first Indian epic consisting of 24,000 verses divided into 7 books, composed about 6500 years ago.

“ After many births the wise seek refuge in me, seeing me everywhere and in everything. Such great souls are very rare. ” "Your very nature will drive you to fight, the only choice is what to fight against.” “ On action alone be your interest, Never on its fruits. Let not the fruits of action be your motive, Nor be thy attachment to inaction. “ “ This is how actions were done by the ancient seekers of freedom; follow their example: act, surrendering the fruits of action.” “ For certain is death for the born, and certain is birth for the dead; Therefore over the inevitable you should not grieve. “ “ For the uncontrolled there is no wisdom. For the uncontrolled there is no concentration, and for him without concentration, there is no peace. And for the unpeaceful how can there ever be happiness? “ “ When a man dwells on the objects of sense, he creates an attraction for them; attraction develops into desire, and desire breeds anger.“ The words of Lord Krsna crystallized in the Bhagavad Gita. Lord Krsna counsels Prince Arjuna during the Great Mahabharata War, in Kurukshetra, India, circa 3100 B.C.,

The 4 kinetic ideas behind Hindu Vedic Spirituality Karma Maya Nirvana Yoga The law of universal causality, which connects man with the cosmos and condemns him to transmigrate. The world is not simply what it seems to the human senses. Absolute reality, situated somewhere beyond the cosmic illusion woven by Maya and beyond human experience as conditioned by Karma. The state of absolute blessedness, characterized by release from the cycle of reincarnations; freedom from the pain and care of the external world; bliss. Implies integration; bringing all the faculties of the psyche under the control of the self

is the Sanskrit word for; Amen (Christian) Amin (Muslim) Aum (Hindu) Hūm (Bhuddist) “ AUM” or “OM” The first sound of the Almighty – Infinite Reality - Oneness with the supreme

India has started construction of the World’s largest Buddha statue, it is being designed to last for the next 1,000 years. The statue will be situated at Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh, where the Buddha passed away. The statue, destined to bring world peace, will be seated on a throne 17-storeys high, housing a huge temple with the feet resting on a Lotus, touching the Earth. India: World's Largest Maitreya Buddha Statue

"In India today, we have a lady born a Catholic (Sonia Gandhi) stepping aside so a Sikh (Manmohan Singh) could be sworn in by a Muslim president (Abdul Kalam) to lead a nation that's 82% Hindu. I defy anyone to cite another country with such diversity and tolerance to its political leadership." Secular Tolerance

Goldman Sachs Report of 1 October, 2003 – "Dreaming with BRICs: The path to 2050" India's GDP will reach $ 1 trillion by 2011, $ 2 trillion by 2020, $ 3 trillion by 2025, $ 6 trillion by 2032, $ 10 trillion by 2038, and $ 27 trillion by 2050, becoming the 3 rd largest economy after USA and China. In terms of GDP, India will overtake Italy by the year 2016, France by 2019, UK by 2022, Germany by 2023, and Japan by 2032.

Progress during the last 20 years Poverty (incidence) 1980s 1990s 2000 44% 36% 26% Education (literacy rate) 1980s 1990s 2000 44% 52% 65% Health (life expectancy) 1980s 1990s 2000 56 60 69 Source: World Bank (2003)

Ex-Prime Minister, Sri Atal Bihari Vajpayee A treaty was signed on 6 January, 2004, establishing a South Asian Free Trade Area among the seven SAARC countries (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Maldives) in the region. India committed to a South Asian Union as the ultimate objective, with mutual security cooperation, open borders and a single currency in Southern Asia in the long run. "The bonds of ethnicity and culture which hold together the peoples of this region are more enduring than the barriers of political prejudice that have been erected quite recently.“ ”… .Friends, India is ready to do everything that is necessary, to walk as many extra miles as may be required, to make this vision a reality.”

Dr Abdul Kalam, President of India, father of India’s space, missile and satellite programme and author of “India 2020 Vision”. “ I have three visions for India.” 1. “ In 3000 years of our history people from all over the world have come and invaded us, captured our lands, conquered our minds. From Alexander onwards. The Greeks, the Turks, the Moguls, the Portuguese, the British, the French, the Dutch, all of them came and looted us, took over what was ours. Yet we have not done this to any other nation. We have not conquered anyone. We have not grabbed their land, their culture, their history and tried to enforce our way of life on them. Why? Because we respect the freedom of others. That is why my first vision is that of FREEDOM. I believe that India got its first vision of this in 1857, when we started the war of independence. It is this freedom that we must protect and nurture and build on. If we are not free, no one will respect us. “ 2. My second vision for India is DEVELOPMENT. For fifty years we have been a developing nation. It is time we see ourselves as a developed nation. We are among top 5 nations of the world in terms of GDP. We have 10% growth rate in most areas. Our poverty levels are falling. Our achievements are being globally recognized today. Yet we lack the self-confidence to see ourselves as a developed nation, self-reliant and self-assured. 3. I have a THIRD vision. India must stand up to the world. Because I believe that unless India stands up to the world, no one will respect us. Only strength respects strength. We must be strong not only as a military power but also as an economic power. Both must go hand-in-hand.”

India’s population to be the largest in the world India is set to overtake China as the world's most populous nation by 2050. India’s population is expected to grow from 1.08bn to 1.63bn people, overtaking China, which is forecast to reach 1.44bn from 1.3bn currently. India, will also have the highest working population in the World — 700 million people out of 1.1 billion people are young; the young population will continue till 2050.

Annie Wood Besant, British Theosophical Society, (1847-1933): “ After a study of some forty years and more of the great religions of the world, I find none so perfect, none so scientific, none so philosophical and none so spiritual than the great religion known by the name of Hinduism. Make no mistake, without Hinduism, India has no future . Hinduism is the soil in to which India's roots are stuck and torn out of that she will inevitably wither as a tree torn out from its place. And if Hindus do not maintain Hinduism - who shall save it? If India's own children do not cling to her faith who shall guard it? India alone can save India and India and Hinduism are one.”

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