Input Output device of computer.pdf

Input/Output Devices of
Computer

Table Contents
Definition
Introduction
Input Devices
Output Devices
Conclusion
2

Definition
An input output device
of computer, often
known as an IO device, is
any hardware that allows
a human operator or
other systems to
interface with a
computer
3

Introduction
• Input/output devices, as the name implies, are
capable of delivering data (output) to and
receiving data from a computer (input).
• An input/output (I/O) device is a piece of
hardware that can take, output, or process data. It
receives data as input and provides it to a
computer, as well as sends computer data to
storage media as a storage output.
4

INPUT DEVICES
Keyboard
• The keyboard is the most frequent and widely used input
device for entering data into a computer. Although there are
some additional keys for performing other operations, the
keyboard layout is similar to that of a typical typewriter.
• Generally, keyboards come in two sizes: 84 keys or 101/102
keys, but currently keyboards with 104 keys or 108 keys are
also available for Windows and the Internet.
●●●
6

INPUT DEVICES
Numeric Keys: It is used to enter numeric data or move the
cursor.
Typing Keys: The letter keys (A-Z) and number keys (09) are
among these keys.
Control Keys: These keys control the pointer and the screen.
Special Keys: Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, NumLk, Tab, etc., and Print
Screen
Function Keys: The 12 keys from F1 to F12 on the topmost row
of the keyboard.
●●●
7

INPUT DEVICES
Mouse
• The most common pointing device is the mouse. The mouse
is used to move a little cursor across the screen while
clicking and dragging.
• A mouse is an input device that lets you move the mouse on
a flat surface to control the coordinates and movement of
the on-screen cursor/pointer.
• The left mouse button can be used to select or move items,
while the right mouse button when clicked displays extra
menus.
●●●
8

INPUT DEVICES
Joystick
• A joystick is a pointing device that is used to move the
cursor on a computer screen.
• A spherical ball is attached to both the bottom and top
ends of the stick. In a socket, the lower spherical ball
slides. You can move the joystick in all four directions.
• The joystick’s function is comparable to that of a mouse.
It is primarily used in CAD (Computer-Aided Design) and
playing video games on the computer.
●●●
9

INPUT DEVICES
Light Pen
• A light pen is a type of pointing device that looks like a
pen. It can be used to select a menu item or to draw on
the monitor screen. A photocell and an optical system are
enclosed in a tiny tube.
• When the tip of a light pen is moved across a monitor
screen while the pen button is pushed, the photocell
sensor element identifies the screen location and provides
a signal to the CPU.
●●●
10

INPUT DEVICES
Scanner
• A scanner is an input device of computer that functions
similarly to a photocopier. It’s employed when there’s
information on paper that needs to be transferred to the
computer’s hard disc for subsequent manipulation.
• Scanner collects images from the source and converts
them to a digital format that may be saved on a disc.
Before they are printed, these images can be modified.
●●●
11

INPUT DEVICES
OCR
• OCR stands for optical character recognition, and it is a
device that reads printed text.
• OCR optically scans the text, character by character, turns
it into a machine-readable code, and saves it to the
system memory.
●●●
12

INPUT DEVICES
Bar Code Reader
• A bar code reader is a device that reads data that is
bar-coded (data that is represented by light and
dark lines).
• Bar-coded data is commonly used to mark things,
number books, and so on. It could be a handheld
scanner or part of a stationary scanner.
13

OUTPUT DEVICES
Monitor
• Monitors, also known as Visual Display
Units (VDUs), are a computer’s primary
output device.
• It creates images by arranging small dots,
known as pixels, in a rectangular pattern.
The amount of pixels determines the
image’s sharpness.
●●●
14

OUTPUT DEVICES
The two kinds of viewing screen used for monitors
are:
(1) Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT): Pixels are minuscule
visual elements that make up a CRT display. The
higher the image quality or resolution, the smaller
the pixels.
(2) Flat-Panel Display Cathode-Ray Tube Monitor:
In comparison to the CRT, a flat-panel display is a
type of video display with less volume, weight, and
power consumption.
●●●
15

OUTPUT DEVICES
Printer
• Printers are output devices that allow you to print
information on paper. There are two types of printers:
Impact Printer:
• Characters are printed on the ribbon, which is subsequently
crushed against the paper, in impact printers.
Non-Impact Printers:
• Characters are printed without the need for a ribbon in non-
impact printers.
16

Conclusion
 I/O devices are the pieces of hardware used by a
human (or other system) to communicate with a
computer.
 For instance, a keyboard or computer mouse is
an input device for a computer, while monitors
and printers are output devices.
17

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