Intelligent Integrated Marketing for Car Dealers

Left Brain Marketing Planning EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current strategies for allocating marketing resources come up short in two respects: They do little to help marketers deliver a high return on their investments and They fail to account for consumers' rapidly changing behaviors and media consumption. Left Brain Marketing Planning provides a customer-based, marketer-led, data-driven way to decide which marketing resources — not just media — to invest in.

PLANNING IS OUT OF STEP WITH CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR Advertisers spend 6% of their budgets online, even though online consumers spend 34% of their media time online. Why the disparity? In short, marketing planning — the process of deciding which media to spend money on — has not kept pace with changing customer behavior or the capabilities of new interactive channels. As Procter & Gamble GMO Jim Stengel explains, "Marketing is a $450 billion industry, and we are all making decisions with less data and discipline than we apply to $100,000 decisions in other aspects of our business." For the most part, marketers today: Repeat old plans instead of testing new media. Typically marketers use the same channels year after year instead of regularly evaluating and reallocating budget to improve return. More than 80% of marketers struggle to respond to marketing data in order to improve results. But even small reallocations in the middle of a planning cycle can make a big difference. Through an XMOS study — a research project done through Media Dynamics and the Interactive Advertising Bureau, which evaluates the effectiveness of different media mixes — Ford Motor discovered that shifting 2% more of its budget to interactive media would return $90 million in additional profit.

PLANNING IS OUT OF STEP WITH CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR Depend on TV. Television still gets 40% of all ad spending even though TV CPMs have increased 68% since 1995, and TV ad recall has plummeted from 40% in 1960 to 6% in 2003 (see Figure 1).(see endnote 4) Campaign planning (creative-based), marketing metrics (GRPs), and campaign goals (reach) are all TV-centric. One interviewee told us that his media planning methodology is intended to get him the most TV time possible. While most marketers — 79% — plan to increase interactive media budgets, existing systems don't support new media's unique purchase, measurement, and creative. Hand off the planning process. Many marketers offload marketing planning almost exclusively to an agency and rarely question the agency's recommendations. While this can work with a customer-behavior focused agency like Starcom MediaVest, too much detachment from the planning process allows agency indolence — when agencies select media that is most profitable for them, rather than what is best for their clients. In the words of one interviewee, “Our agency did all the media recommendations based on the media it has the most experience doing.” Focus on reach, rather than on behavior and intent. Today, most marketing planning tools identify which channels will deliver the greatest reach based on historical data. But knowing reach — that an ad in Glamour magazine will circulate to several million women ages 20 to 35 — does not help a marketer influence customer behavior or predict a propensity to take future action. Market research bureau Simmons is evolving traditional marketing planning tools by overlaying shopping habits and purchase data with GRPs to identify what marketing resources will make consumers act.

Television Cost Per Thousand (CPM) Climb Even While TV Advertisement Recall Declines From Left Brain Marketing Planning, May 2005

Technology Realities Demand A New Approach How much to spend on which media is an age-old question. So what's different now? In a word: technology. Technology forces are changing marketing in three important ways — all of which demand that marketers re-engineer the way they spend their money. Technology: Changes consumer behavior dramatically. Consumers are no longer a mass-market reachable through traditional media. Because of technology, consumers now go online for news instead of reading the paper, multitask across multiple channels, rely on peers and personal research for product information, and expect immediate, customized responses to their needs. Alters the purchase process. The shift in consumer information consumption has also changed the impact of traditional marketing tactics — like broadcast media and print — on purchase decisions. According to DoubleClick's Touchpoints II study, 64% of consumers feel the Internet has altered their purchase process from five years ago. In fact, today, Web sites have more influence over purchases than any other media, and consumers are more self-reliant and more willing to buy even high-ticket, high-consideration products online.

Technology Realities Demand A New Approach Technology: Plays an increasing role in marketing processes. Technology helps marketers get smarter about customers, deliver more relevant ads, and measure impact of their campaigns. Marketing automation, data warehouses, Web analytics, interactive television, CRM software, and contact management systems are all examples of technologies playing increasing roles in the marketing process. They enable marketers to shift from mass branding to an approach that better suits capricious customer behaviors: cross-channel integration of customer-facing channels.

THE ANTIDOTE: LEFT BRAIN MARKETING PLANNING Outdated planning processes and technology realities require a new, more scientific way to plan that focuses on customer behavior and objectively considers all marketing resources, not just media. Forrester calls this approach Left Brain Marketing Planning, which we define as: A data-driven planning approach that allocates resources based on a holistic picture of the customer across all points in the buying process from awareness to post-purchase.

THE ANTIDOTE: LEFT BRAIN MARKETING PLANNING Why Left Brain Marketing Planning? Forrester believes that traditional media planning should be only one part of a larger process marketers use to allocate budget. Today, marketers also invest in kiosks, Web site features, contact optimization systems, or viral communications to help them reach their sales and branding goals. Marketers who focus solely on the media mix will miss customers at crucial points of influence, such as the online checkout process or a call to customer service. A data-driven planning approach that allocates resources based on a holistic picture of the customer across all points in the buying process from awareness to post-purchase.

THE ANTIDOTE: LEFT BRAIN MARKETING PLANNING Left Brain Marketing Planning encompasses the strategy, tools, data inputs, and team required to decide which marketing resources to invest in. At its core, Left Brain Marketing Planning is: Customer-, not media-, driven. Left Brain Marketing Planning focuses not on which media to buy, but on what customers do. It identifies the marketing resources — whether ads, kiosks, or online tools — that will best influence customers at decision points in their purchase processes. Science, not art. Instead of relying on "gut feel" or historical precedent, Left Brain Marketing Planning uses customer response data to determine how to spend on which marketing resources. Marketer-, not agency-, led. Marketers — ostensible experts on their products and customers — lead in Left Brain Marketing Planning, using agencies as research and execution resources.

Left Brain Marketing Planning Differs From Today’s Marketing Planning Practices From Left Brain Marketing Planning, May 2005

Step One – First Phase: Adopt Analytical Planning Tools The first step in moving to Left Brain Marketing Planning is to change the tool set. Current planning tools help manage media or track its cost-per-reach, but new tools analyze customer and market data to determine what customers do as a result of a marketing stimulus and, therefore, which marketing resources will move customers along their paths toward purchase. Marketers should build the Left Brain Marketing Planning tool kit incrementally. Start with data that maps customers' paths to purchase. Left Brain Marketing Planners replace reach and frequency metrics with behavioral and attitudinal data — from site activities, purchases, call center or email interactions, surveys, and offline observations — that identifies points of influence along a customer's path to purchase. American Honda worked with Targetbase to score customers based on their response to dealers and postal, email, and Web campaigns. Honda uses these scores to map out which channel, message, and offers will connect with a customer's "trigger" — that is, the point where he is on the brink of doing a desired action, like taking a test drive.

Step One – Second Phase: Adopt Analytical Planning Tools Then, use tools that map allocations to behavior. Media planners already have an arsenal of data-driven tools to optimize message delivery to the right demographic. But these tools don't predict consumers' propensity to buy. Leveraging our Technographics® data to determine how 13 channels affect consumer behavior, Forrester created a marketing allocation tool based on a campaign's business goals, target audience, product type, and targeting approach, and applied it to a hypothetical campaign for SKECHERS (see Figure 3). More sophisticated tools are under development; "Project Apollo," a joint endeavor of Arbitron, Procter & Gamble, and VNU, integrates consumer attitudinal data with multimedia usage and sales activity to determine which marketing resources will stimulate consumer actions Finally, advance to market mix models. Market mix models enable marketers to track how multiple marketing initiatives drive sales or other business goals like increasing brand awareness or new customer acquisition. In an XMOS study modeling future media performance, Universal Studios determined that spending 2% on banners, 72% on television, and 25% on rich media online ads was the best way to drive awareness and sales of its DVD release of "E.T."

Figure 3: Decision Model - Forrester's Marketing Allocation Tool Skechers Input

Step Two: Use Experimental Design Principles Traditionally, media planners have taken a "plan once, revisit annually" approach that does little testing or adjustment as market conditions or customer behavior changes. Case in point: One apparel retailer we interviewed had not changed her media mix for five years. Left Brain Marketing Planning applies the precepts of experimental design — a proven way of testing product design as well as direct marketing campaigns — to drive planning. Bringing experimental design into planning means: Testing continually . . . Left Brain Marketing Planning continually tests how well media accomplishes a marketer's goals in various situations — like in different geographies, in conjunction with other media, or at different frequencies — and then funnels test results back into planning tools to help marketers optimize their buys. Throughout each season and year after year, the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO) tests how effectively newspapers ads, direct mail, online ads, and radio spots promote different products to disparate customer segments. Based on these tests, the BSO announces a new season through brochures to past subscribers, advertises through newspaper and radio after tickets go on sale, and sells CDs through banners, email, and intellimercials — Web promotions that educate users about symphony arrangements, instruments, and performers.

Step Two: Use Experimental Design Principles . . . using small, flexible media units. Instead of large upfront deals 18 months in advance, Left Brain Marketing Planners buy in small blocks so they can change their mix based on what works best. As marketers grow more accustomed to the ease with which they can adjust their online media buys, they will demand this same flexibility from offline media as well. Julie Rohem, Daimler-Chrysler's director of brand communication, proposes a Nasdaq-like system for television buying in which advertisers would anonymously buy and trade spots at market price.

Step Three: Reshape The Planning Process The path of least resistance for most marketers today is to default media planning to their agency of record. But Left Brain Marketing Planning requires innovation and expertise that won't come without engaging specialists who can optimize a diverse marketing mix. Left Brain Marketers will: Build a network of specialist agencies. Experts in channels, customer cohorts, or research are better than a one-stop-shop at providing the experience and resources necessary to support niche marketing options that may best motivate customers to take action. Hewlett-Packard's enterprise group fosters innovation by organizing media-neutral planning sessions with a group of select multinational, multichannel agencies. Play a more active role in agency relationships. Because Left Brain Marketing Planning is a strategic function that directly influences the bottom line, organizations should own its core — customer data — and actively lead outsourced pieces. Marketers are taking more initiative in agency relationships overall — billing-based compensation declined from 71% in 1982 to 21% in 2000 as advertisers built pay-for-performance and campaign expectations into agency agreements.(see endnote 13) "Owning" agency relationships doesn't mean agencies get demoted. But it does require marketers to actively study their customers, set agency-relationship parameters, and keep agencies accountable.

Step Three: Reshape The Planning Process Shift the posture of physical channels. Marketing planners are deeply invested in conventional marketing tools and processes. But to develop marketing strategies that align with customers' purchase processes, corporations must support Left Brain Marketing Planning by investing in predictive tools and responding to marketing changes through all channels. For example, retailers using BIGresearch to model consumers' buying potential will only benefit if their stores can adjust promotions or product displays immediately in response to model results. Incorporate non-marketing people into the planning team. Left Brain Marketing also needs staff beyond marketers — including statisticians, design experts, and accountants. Data analysts will identify customer points of influence, and designers will help orchestrate media and marketing events into a valuable customer experience. About half of One to One Interactive's clients have a finance rep on the marketing team to tie marketing impact directly to company financials. One client, Comcast, has created a marketing science division dedicated to developing segmentation, recency-frequency models, and analytics to improve marketing planning.

Data Management System Suppliers and Specialty Agencies Help Build Left Brain Marketing From Left Brain Marketing Planning, May 2005

EXAMPLES OF LEFT BRAIN MARKETING PLANNING? The transition to Left Brain Marketing Planning will happen gradually over the next five years as marketers and media companies abandon embedded systems for tools, processes, partners, and ad formats that allow for closer accountability of how marketing moves customers toward purchase. Marketers with deep data stores, an analytics heritage, and a willingness to experiment will lead the charge. Those with a wide variety of multiple customer response Data sources will have the greatest advantage

Consumer Marketers Diversify Away From Media Consumer packaged goods like Coca-Cola, Kraft Foods, and Procter & Gamble pioneered market mix modeling to measure and improve their marketing efforts. But because this space is so competitive, few were willing to go on the record with us to discuss how insight from these models has improved their planning. One consumer goods company (Company X) uses a Left Brain Marketing Planning approach to: Market to influencers. Through primary research — focus groups, surveys, and purchase data — Company X found that marketing to influencers, not its end customers, was the best way to drive product sales. So, Company X mapped out influencers' behaviors and identified that email newsletters, an online information resource, sponsoring events, and an incentive program would better inspire influencers to recommend its products than would buying ads in trade publications. Monitor customer contacts through a single database. Direct marketing agency Targetbase built Company X a database to store all influencer research and response data. Targetbase organized the database around influencers' positions and names so that Company X could continue marketing to a particular occupation even if an original contact changed jobs. The database also fuels a communications framework that predicts the optimal best next message and channel based on past customer responses. Manage an agency network. Company X uses a panoply of agency specialists, all from the Omnicom family, to run this program. Targetbase manages Company X's database and email, online ads, and direct mail. Tribal DDB built the online information site and integrates all Web data with the customer database. OMD manages any needed traditional media buys. The Promotion Network coordinates in-store promotions with mass media and direct efforts. Company X even has an agency specializing in targeting Hispanic influencers.

B2B Marketers Focus On Lead Trigger Points Content provider Factiva found that since its marketing efforts focused on branding, not results, it spent too much time and money meeting with unqualified leads who were either not good targets or not ready for a sales conversation. New CMO Alan Scott set up a results based marketing planning process that determines which marketing resources best meet the needs of a prospect at each stage of the sales cycle. This process identifies the right target and time to leverage different marketing events — including a sales call or meeting. Here's how Factiva's system works: Customer data determines marketing allocations. Four phases define Factiva's media planning approach. First, Factiva maps out its customers' sales cycles and identifies marketing resources that will move prospects from one stage in the cycle to the next. For example, search engine optimization and speaking engagements generate attention, email and personalized Web sites work for the conviction and desire phases, and sales calls and product packaging impact sales and upsell. Next, it scores each prospect based on his response to marketing events. High scorers — those most engaged by Factiva's marketing — get further qualified through a telephone call. Low scorers continue to receive other marketing messages aimed at increasing their score. Finally, Factiva continually tests to determine the channel and message combination that delivers the highest scores. Data management systems track customers through their sales cycles. Factiva's Unified Profile Database (UPD) fuels its media planning and customer contact strategies. This database stores customers' identifiable information from both online and offline interactions and is based on either cookies or proactive customer contacts with Factiva. The UPD auto-scores each prospect using a standard set of rules — defined by demographics, response to marketing activities, and buying intention — and targets qualified leads with the next appropriate marketing effort. The UPD also reports on campaign effectiveness to help Factiva refine media buys to improve performance. Multiple partners facilitate planning. Factiva pulled together research, strategy, technology, data, and Web specialists to build this new ROI-focused planning system. Customer profitability consultancy SiriusDecisions does customer research to identify Factiva's best targets and help map out their sales cycles. Lead management specialist Prescients built Factiva's UPD and helps set media and messaging strategy. E-messaging ASP WebReply builds personalized prospect and sales rep Web sites. Online agency Overdrive manages Factiva's search engine optimization. Content marketing expert David M. Scott helps pilot Factiva's overall Web marketing strategy.

Auto-Response Outdoor Personalized Response Inventory Postcard Phone OEM Marketing Strategy TV Newspaper Dealer Web Site www.OEM.com Email Letter OEM Direct Mail Telephone OEM Marketing, Promotional and Owner Loyalty Campaigns Print Advertising Email Customer Follow-Up Automotive OEM Spending on Marketing at over $56,000,000,000 Annually Radio

Incentives Subvented Leases OEM to Dealer $$$ Subvented % Rates Auto-Response Outdoor Personalized Response Inventory Postcard Phone OEM Marketing Strategy TV Newspaper Dealer Web Site OEM.com Email Letter OEM Direct Mail Telephone OEM Marketing & Promotional Campaigns Print Advertising Email Customer Follow-Up Loyalty $$$ $$$ Rebates Reduction of Incentive Costs via Targeted “Smart Incentives” powered by Data Driven Integrated Marketing Optimization Radio

OEM Marketing, Promotional and Owner Loyalty Campaigns INCOMING RETAIL BUSINESS OPPORTUNIES Dealer’s Customer Contact Response, Sales Process, and Ownership Experience Owner Loyalty to OEM + Dealer Influencers OEM & Dealers Locked Into Symbiotic Relationship Auto-Response Outdoor Personalized Response Inventory Postcard Phone OEM Marketing Strategy TV Radio Newspaper Dealer Web Site www.OEM.com Email Letter OEM Direct Mail Telephone Print Advertising Email Customer Follow-Up

OEM Circle of Influence: Promotional Campaigns Media Spend Dealer Response to Customer Contact Purchase Experience Ownership Experience Marketing Respondents Contact Dealers OEM Brand Influencers Dealers Determine OEM Return on Marketing Investment Vehicle Selection Process Customer Enters Vehicle Replacement Ownership Cycle Dealer Response to Customer Contacts Buying Decision Purchase Experience Ownership Experience Customer Perception of (OEM + Dealer) Value Proposition Competitive Brand Influencers

OEM Driven Prospects Brand Loyalty OEM Driven Prospects OEM Driven Prospects Vehicle Selection Process Customer Enters Vehicle Replacement Ownership Cycle Dealer Response to Customer Contacts Buying Decision Purchase Experience Ownership Experience Customer Perception of (OEM + Dealer) Value Proposition OEM’s Drive prospects… Dealers Control Yield/Retention

T H E 8 P O I N T S O F C U S T O M E R M A N A G E M E N T R E L A T I O N A L D A T A H A R V E S T O P P O R T U N I T Y CRM Application OEM Customer Knowledge System (Relational Database) Showroom Phone Internet Service Unsold Follow-up Sold Follow-up Prospecting Service Defined Strategy, Process & Technology for 100% of Dealer CM Opportunities INBOUND Opportunities OUTBOUND Opportunities SHOP OWN BUY Customer Response to OEM Marketing and Dealer Transaction Data Exchanged Bi-directionally CAPTURE CONTROL CONVERT New OEM Value-Based Relationships: OEM/Dealer Integrated CRM Solution Dealer Management System (DMS) Showroom Phone Internet (Inbound) Service (Outbound) Unsold Follow-up Sold Follow-up Prospecting I N B O U N D O U T B O U N D

OEM Marketing Strategy OEM Customer Data Collection Systems Defined Strategy, Process & Technology for 100% of OEM to Dealer Marketing Results OEM Customer Information Data Augmentation Customer and Transaction Data Exchanged Bi-directionally CRM Application w/Push-Pull XML Customer Data Feeds Dealer Management System (DMS) Showroom Phone Internet Service Unsold Follow-up Sold Follow-up Prospecting Service OEM-Dealer Integrated Marketing Optimization Customer Knowledge Management System (OEM Database)

Marketing Drives Customer Contact With Dealer Network: Dealer Management System (DMS) Showroom Phone Internet Service Unsold Follow-up Sold Follow-up Customer Knowledge Systems (OEM Database) Problem: OEM Marketing “Customer Response Blind Spot” OEM Marketing Media Strategy: TV Radio Print Direct Mail Web Brand Management Targeted Email Outdoor Customer Data Never Captured Dealer Stand-Alone CRM Application 60% 40% 90% 10% 100% 20% Sold Customers 100% Warranty Claims Sold RDR Process OEM’s Receive Limited Data about Customers who respond to their marketing by contacting dealers: Sold Customers OEM-ONLY Web Leads Warranty & Recall Claims The OEM “Blind Spot” includes all customers who responded to their Marketing Strategy… That chose to buy another brand, or to wait for another OEM offer. 30% 40% 100% 100%

Enhanced Web Services Customer Data Customer Knowledge System (OEM Database) OEM, Dealer & 3 rd Party Web Services Dealer Toll-Free Numbers w/Caller Data Extraction Dealer Management System (DMS) IMO Solution: Simplified View Eliminate OEM Blind Spot on Phone & Internet Response OEM Marketing Media Strategy: Customer Data Never Captured Dealer Stand-Alone CRM Application TV Radio Print Direct Mail Outdoor Enhanced Toll-Free Caller Customer Data Historical Customer Information Lead Data Augmentation (OEM) Targeted Email Web Brand Management OEM Marketing Customer Response Data Blind Spot Minimized With Reynolds Integrated Marketing Optimization, OEM Receives Multiple Data feeds from Customers who respond to their marketing: OEM WBM Toll Free Calls Dealer WBM Toll Free Calls 3 rd Party Toll Free Calls Dealer Web Submissions 3 rd Party Web Submissions OEM Web Submissions Sold Customers Warranty & Recall Claims Using Telephony Data Extraction & Centralized Lead Routing dealer-justified by Data enhancement, we’re able to eliminate the OEM Blind Spot. Dealer Value-Add 20% Sold Customers

Customer Knowledge Systems (APEX) Dealer Web Services OEM Web Services Toll-Free Number Caller Data Extraction Dealer Management System (DMS) Dealer Phone Dealer Internet Unsold Follow-up Sold Follow-up Reynolds IMO Solution: Detailed View Eliminate OEM Blind Spot on Phone & Internet Response OEM Marketing Media Strategy: Customer Data Never Captured Dealer Stand-Alone CRM Application 15% 100% 20% Sold Customers TV Radio Print Direct Mail Outdoor 85% Internet Lead Routing Server Enhanced Toll-Free Caller Customer Data Historical Customer Information OEM Lead Data Augmentation Enhance Web Services Customer Data 3 rd Party Web Services Targeted Email Web Brand Management Sold RDR Process 85%

IMO Value Proposition for OEM’s Leveraging enhanced Customer information into Strategic Competitive Advantage 1. Using dedicated toll-free numbers for each dealership within all OEM sponsored and co-op supported marketing campaigns (including Web) provides data collection from all incoming calls that is used to populate both the dealer’s CRM application and the OEM Relational Database 2. Data Augmentation that layers customer information from the OEM’s Database on top of incoming caller lead details and Internet leads provides the OEM’s dealer network with an information advantage that increases sales closing rates, conquest sales, repeat business and market share 3. Centralized lead routing into an OEM supplied server that receives incoming leads from the OEM sites, the dealer’s site and 3 rd party lead providers allows the OEM to enhance the leads with data infusion from CKS. This enhanced and increased volume of leads provides increased ROI to dealer CRM initiatives 4. Centralized lead collection from Showroom, Phone and Internet into dealer’s CRM applications that feed OEM database server provides immediate, real-time data on marketing campaign effectiveness and hand-raiser characteristics. This allows combination of Left Brain Marketing and Smart Incentives that reduce need for broad based national programs… Smart Incentives offered ONLY where they have greatest sales impact.

The Impact Of Left Brain Marketing (LBM) Planning Industry-specific ratings emerge. Left Brain Marketing Planners will want to know how well their marketing resources are inspiring certain customer behaviors. Expect Nielsen to develop a platform that will rate marketing effectiveness based on how well media inspires industry-specific consumer behaviors — like accessing a retailer's store locator feature or going into a car dealership for a test drive — while the Association of National Advertisers and the Interactive Advertising Bureau will push until these industry-specific ratings replace GRPs and TRPs as standard metrics. Agency-holding companies form new marketing planning functions. Because Left Brain Marketing Planning hinges on customer behavior and expands marketing planning outside media buying, media buyers — whose skills are more in ad scheduling and deal negotiation — will increasingly play only an execution role. In response, agencies will transform their media buying divisions into marketing planning businesses by luring strategists from McKinsey or Bain, data analysts from Merkle or Harte-Hanks, or marketing automation experts from Aprimo or Unica. Entertainment revenues take a hit. In the era of LBM Planning, marketing allocations will be based on media performance, not relationships between buyer and seller. Plus, agencies will replace the dealmakers in their media buying groups with strategy and analytics staff, causing the schmooze factor that has always been a part of media buying and selling to disappear. A few more box seats at the Lakers game and corner tables at The Plaza will sit empty as media companies and agencies use data — not wining and dining — to win dollars from LB Marketers. Congress restricts access to consumer data. The volume of broad-reach commercials will decline as LBM Planners tailor marketing messages and channels toward consumers' purchase processes. To further this relief from advertising overload, consumers will help marketers filter the right offers to them by self-selecting products and discounts they find relevant. However, marketers will go overboard on the personalization by combining declared preferences with ones inferred through cable, online, and purchase habits. In response to consumer panic about how to protect their personal information, Congress will pass the "Big Brother Act" limiting marketer access to consumer information and outlining the ethical use of consumer data.

Methodology Research for this report was conducted through two concurrent phases: We built the Forrester Marketing Allocation Tool by using Forrester's Consumer Technographics® data to understand how consumers interact with 13 media. We used this data to index each media against four marketer inputs: business goals, target audience, product type, and targeting approach. For more detail about this tool and the data behind it, please click on the spreadsheet behind Figure 3. Marketers interested in having Forrester build a marketing allocation tool customized to their customer base should contact their account manager. Forrester also conducted interviews with marketers and agencies to understand their current marketing planning processes and best practices and their response to the Marketing Allocation Tool. We also spoke with marketing planning experts for additional perspective and theory around how they anticipate marketing planning will change over the next five years. Companies Interviewed For This Document Avenue A | Razorfish BIGresearch Euro RSCG imc2 Interactive Advertising Bureau Media Contacts Media Dynamics Modem Media One to One Interactive Targetbase

Intelligent Integrated Marketing for Car Dealers

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