Introduce iec 60950 1 (2nd ed.) a1(for client)

Introduce IEC 60950-1
(2 Ed.) A1
nd

June 22, 2011
Jack Hsu

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Introduce IEC 60950-1 (2nd Ed.) A1

Table 1C – Capacitor ratings according to IEC 60384-14
Replace the existing rule 3 of this table by the following:
3 For a single capacitor bridging FUNCTIONAL INSULATION, BASIC
INSULATION or SUPPLEMENTARY INSULATION, the peak test voltage of
the capacitor shall be at least equal to the peak value of the test voltage (not
the r.m.s. voltage) of Table 5B, or the peak value of the test voltage of Table
5C, as applicable, and the r.m.s. test voltage shall be not less than the required
r.m.s. test voltage of Table 5B, or the equivalent r.m.s. test voltage (not the
peak voltage) of Table 5C, as applicable.

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7 If two or more capacitors are used in series, all of the following apply:
– under single fault conditions, the voltage on each of the remaining individual
capacitors shall not exceed the voltage rating of the relevant individual
capacitor;
– for BASIC INSULATION or SUPPLEMENTARY INSULATION, the sum of the
peak impulse test voltages of all capacitors shall be not less than the peak
value of the test voltage (not the r.m.s. voltage) of Table 5B, or the peak value
of the test voltage of Table 5C, as applicable;
– for BASIC INSULATION or SUPPLEMENTARY INSULATION, the sum of the
r.m.s. test voltages of all capacitors shall be not less than the required r.m.s.
test voltage of Table 5B, or the equivalent r.m.s. test voltage (not the peak
voltage) of Table 5C, as applicable;

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– for REINFORCED INSULATION, the sum of the peak impulse test voltages
of all capacitors shall be not less than the peak value of the test voltage (not
the r.m.s. voltage) of Table 5B, or the peak value of the test voltage of Table
5C, as applicable;
– for REINFORCED INSULATION, the sum of the r.m.s. test voltages of all
capacitors shall be not less than the required r.m.s. test voltage of Table 5B, or
the equivalent r.m.s. test voltage (not the peak voltage) of Table 5C, as
applicable;
– they shall comply with the other rules above.
Table 1D has been replaced (see the standard for detail)

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1.5.7.1 Resistors bridging functional insulation, basic
insulation or supplementary insulation
Replace the existing note of this subclause by the following new note:
NOTE In Finland, Norway and Sweden resistors bridging BASIC INSULATION
in CLASS I PLUGGABLE EQUIPMENT TYPE A must comply with 1.5.7.1. In
addition when a single resistor is used, the resistor must withstand the resistor
test in 1.5.7.2.

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1.5.7.2 Resistors bridging double insulation or reinforced
insulation between the a.c.mains supply and other circuits
Replace the fifth paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
If an accessible conductive part or circuit is separated from another part by
DOUBLE INSULATION or REINFORCED INSULATION that is bridged by a
resistor or group of resistors, the accessible part or circuit shall comply with the
requirements for a LIMITED CURRENT CIRCUIT in 2.4 between the
accessible conductive part or circuit and earth. If a group of resistors is used,
the current measurement in 2.4.2 is made with each resistor short-circuited in
turn, unless the group passes the resistor test below. This current is measured
after electric strength testing of the insulation with the bridging resistor or group
of resistors in place. When measuring the LIMITED CURRENT CIRCUIT, the
ammeter is placed between the load side of the bridging components and any
USER accessible part, including earth.

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1.5.9.4 Bridging of basic insulation by a VDR
After the existing note of this subclause, add the following new paragraph:
It is permitted to use a gas discharge tube (GDT) in series with a VDR that
bridges BASIC INSULATION in accordance with the conditions in this
subclause if the GDT complies with the requirements for FUNCTIONAL
INSULATION.

GDT VDR

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1.7.1 Power rating and identification markings
1.7.1.1 Power rating markings
If the equipment is not provided with a means for direct connection to a MAINS
SUPPLY, it need not be marked with any electrical rating, such as its RATED
VOLTAGE, RATED CURRENT or RATED FREQUENCY. If the equipment, or
a system, has multiple MAINS SUPPLY connections, each individual MAINS
SUPPLY electrical rating must be marked, but the overall equipment or system
electrical rating need not be marked.

Additional markings are permitted, provided that they do not give rise to
misunderstanding.

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2.1.1.5 Energy hazards
Replace 2.1.1.5 c)2)
Change the definition of energy hazards

2.1.1.8 Energy hazards –d.c. mains supplies
Like the above changes

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2.1.1.7 Discharge of capacitors in equipment

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2.4.1 General requirement of limited current circuit
Add new Note 2 to explain the limited current circuit
NOTE 2: A LIMITED CURRENT CIRCUIT may be derived from either a
PRIMARY CIRCUIT or a SECONDARY CIRCUIT.

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2.5 Limited power sources
Replace the existing item b) by the following:
b) a linear or non-linear impedance limits the output in compliance with Table
2B. If a positive temperature coefficient device is used, it shall:
– pass the tests specified in IEC 60730-1, Clauses 15, 17, J.15 and J.17; or
– meet the requirements in IEC 60730-1 for a device for Type 2.AL action;

P.S. What is the Type 2.AL action?
The Type 2.AL action mean one controller designed that it trips after the time
to trip value (TTI-max) at the specific current limit value (IT-max) and at the
minimum operating ambient temperature (Tmin).

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2.5 Limited power sources
Replace the existing item c) by the following:
c) a regulating network, or an integrated circuit (IC) current limiter, limits the
output in compliance with Table 2B, both with and without a simulated single
fault (see 1.4.14) in the regulating network or the IC current limiter (open circuit
or short circuit). A single fault between the input and output is not conducted if
the IC current limiter meets a suitable test program as given in Annex CC;

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2.8.4 Fail-safe operation
Add, after the second item of the list, the following new paragraph and note:
For protection against extreme hazard, either a redundant system of two
SAFETY INTERLOCK systems shall be used or the fixed separation distances
in a single SAFETY INTERLOCK system circuit (for example, those associated
with printed boards) shall meet the requirements for REINFORCED
INSULATION.
NOTE A: SAFETY INTERLOCK system is considered to consist of the
components/elements that are directly capableof disconnecting the hazardous
part (for example, relay contacts or a switch) including components (for
example, a relay coil) and other parts forming part of the initiation circuit (for
example, those mounted on printed boards).

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2.8.4 Fail-safe operation
Replace the first compliance statement of this subclause by the following:
Compliance is checked by inspection of the SAFETY INTERLOCK system,
circuit diagrams and available data and, if necessary, by simulation of single
faults (see 1.4.14) (for example, failure of a semi-conductor device or an
electromechanical component). Moving mechanical parts in mechanical and
electromechanical systems are not subjected to simulated single faults if they
comply with 2.8.5 and 2.8.7. Fixed separation distances in SAFETY
INTERLOCK system circuits (for example, those associated with printed
boards) that protect against other than extreme hazards are not subjected to
simulated single faults if the separation distances comply with 2.8.7.1.

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2.8.7.1 Separation distances for contact gaps and their
related circuits
If the separation distances for contact gaps and their related
circuits are located in the PRIMARY CIRCUIT, the separation
distances shall not be less than that for a disconnect device (see
3.4.2). If the separation distance is located in a circuit other than
a PRIMARY CIRCUIT, the separation distance shall be not less
than the relevant minimum CLEARANCE value for BASIC
INSULATION in a SECONDARY CIRCUIT specified in 2.10.3 (or
Annex G).

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Adding related descriptions into the below subclause for switches, relays and
their related circuits
2.8.7.2 Overload test
2.8.7.3 Endurance test
2.8.7.4 Electric strength test

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2.9.2 Humidity conditioning
Where required by 2.9.1, 2.10.8.3, 2.10.10 or 2.10.11, humidity conditioning is
conducted for 48 h in a cabinet or room containing air with a relative humidity
of (93 ± 3) %. The temperature of the air, at all places where samples can be
located, is maintained within 2 K of any convenient value t between 20 °C and
30 °C such that condensation does not occur. During this conditioning the
component or subassembly is not energized.

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Table 2L – Additional clearances in primary circuits
Add the following new paragraph to the existing conditions of Table 2L (after
"For voltage values…linear extrapolation is permitted."): For voltage values
within the PEAK WORKING VOLTAGE values given in the table, linear
interpolation is permitted between the nearest two points, the calculated
minimum additional CLEARANCE being rounded up to the next higher 0,1 mm
increment.

Table 2M – Minimum clearances in secondary circuits
In the 7 000 V row of Table 2M, replace the existing value "7,5" by "17,5".

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Table 2N – Minimum creepage distances
Replace the existing Table 2N(See the standard for detail)

2.10.5.5 Cemented joints
Replace the sixth paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
For b) and c) above, the tests of 2.10.10 and 2.10.11 are not applied to a printed
board made using pre-preg if the temperature of the printed board measured
during the test of 4.5.2 does not exceed 90 °C at any point on the printed board
material.

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Table 2Q – Minimum separation distances for coated printed
boards
Replace the existing Table 2Q(See the standard for detail)

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4.2.1 General
Add the following new sentence at the end of the first paragraph of this
subclause:
For additional requirements for rack-mounted equipment, see Annex DD.
Replace the third paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
A MECHANICAL ENCLOSURE shall be sufficiently complete to contain or
deflect parts, which because of failure or for other reasons, might become
loose, separated or thrown from a moving part (see 4.2.11 for the relevant
requirements).

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4.2.5 Impact test (continued)
Replace the fifth paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
− a flat panel display
• having a surface area of glass not exceeding 0,1 m2 or with a major
dimension not exceeding 450 mm; or
• made of laminated glass; or
NOTE Laminated glass includes constructions such as plastic film affixed to a
single side of the glass.
• that has been evaluated and complies with 19.5 of IEC 60065.

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4.2.6 Drop test
In the fourth paragraph of this subclause, replace “19 mm to 20 mm” of the
existing text by “18 mm ± 2 mm”.

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4.2.7 Stress relief test
Replace the second paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph
Compliance is checked by the mould stress relief test of IEC 60695-10-3, or
by the test procedure described below, or by the inspection of the
construction and the available data where appropriate.
Replace the third paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
One sample consisting of the complete equipment, or of the complete
ENCLOSURE together with any supporting framework, is placed in a
circulating air oven at a temperature 10 K higher than the maximum
temperature observed on the ENCLOSURE during the test of 4.5.2, but not less
than 70 °C, for a period of 7 h, then permitted to cool to room temperature.

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4.2.11 Rotating solid media
Equipment shall be so constructed that solid media rotating at a speed higher
than 8 000 r/min that may be damaged and shatter during normal operating
conditions is contained.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, if necessary, by the following tests
in accordance with Figure 4G or Figure 4H, as appropriate.

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4.2.11 Rotating solid media (continued)
The size of gap ‘X’ between the media door or tray assembly and the
ENCLOSURE is measured while a static force of F ± 10 % is applied to the
inside of the cover at the most unfavourable location using test pin, (see Figure
2B). The formula for calculating the static force to be applied is:

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4.4.1 General
Replace the first paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
Except for moving fan blades, hazardous moving parts of the equipment (which
means moving parts that have the potential to cause injury) shall be so
arranged, enclosed or guarded as to reduce the risk of injury to persons.
Moving fan blades are evaluated in accordance with 4.4.5.

4.4.2 Protection in operator access areas
Add the following new sentence at the end of the first paragraph of this
subclause:
HOUSEHOLD AND HOME/OFFICE DOCUMENT/MEDIA SHREDDERS shall
also comply with Annex EE.

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4.4.5 Protection against moving fan blades
The likelihood of injury from moving fan blades is determined by calculating the
K factor for each fan blade, where the K factor is equal to:

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4.4.5 Protection against moving fan blades (continued)

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4.4.5.2 Protection for users
A moving fan blade classified as 4.4.5.1 a) may be located in an OPERATOR
ACCESS AREA. Under a single fault condition, a moving fan blade classified
as 4.4.5.1 a) may reach the limits permitted for a moving fan blade classified as
4.4.5.1 b).
A moving fan blade classified as 4.4.5.1 b) shall not be located in an
OPERATOR ACCESS AREA during normal operation. Under a single fault
condition, a moving fan blade classified as 4.4.5.1 b) shall remain within the
limits of 4.4.5.1 b). If such a moving fan blade is accessible only during USER
servicing, then a warning in accordance with the following shall be provided.

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4.4.5.2 Protection for users
Either the symbol , or a similar symbol, combined with the triangle
shaped warning sign from ISO 3864-2, or the following statement or equivalent
text shall be used:

A moving fan blade classified as 4.4.5.1 c) that is arranged, located, enclosed
or guarded so that the possibility of contact with the moving parts of the fan is
unlikely by a USER during USER servicing, shall be provided with a warning as
specified above.

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4.4.5.3 Protection for service persons
No equipment protection from moving fan blades is required for the protection
for SERVICE PERSONS.
During servicing in areas where inadvertent contact with a moving fan blade
classified as 4.4.5.1 c) is possible by a SERVICE PERSON, a marking in
accordance with 4.4.5.2 shall be provided to identify the location of the moving
fan blade along with any necessary instructions required for the SERVICE
PERSON to avoid contacting the moving fan blade.

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6.2.1 Separation requirements
Replace the existing item a) of this subclause by the following new item:
a) Unearthed conductive parts and non-conductive parts of the equipment
expected to be held or otherwise maintained in continuous contact with the
body during normal use (for example, a telephone handset or head set or the
palm rest surface of a laptop or notebook computer).

6.2.2.1 Impulse test
Replace the existing Note 2 of this subclause by the following new note:
NOTE 2 In Australia, a value of Uc = 7,0 kV is used in 6.2.1 a) for hand-held
telephones and for headsets.

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Annex B – Motor tests under abnormal conditions
B.1 General requirements
Replace the last paragraph of this clause by the following new paragraph:
DC motors in SECONDARY CIRCUITS shall pass the tests of B.6, B.7 and
B.10 except that motors, which by their intrinsic operation normally operate
under locked-rotor conditions, such as stepper motors, are not tested, In
addition, d.c. motors in SECONDARY CIRCUITS that are used for air-handling
only and where the air propelling component is directly coupled to the motor
shaft are not required to pass the test of B.6.

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Annex D – Measuring instruments for touch current tests
Figure D.1 – Measuring instrument
In the existing key of this figure, replace ">1 MΩ" by "≥ 1 MΩ".

Annex F – Measurement of clearances and creepage
distances
Figure F.12 – Measurements through openings in enclosures
In the existing text at the bottom of the figure, replace “in ternal” by “internal”.

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Annex M – Criteria for telephone ringing signals
Figure M.3 – Peak and peak-to-peak currents
Replace the existing Figure M.3 by the following new figure:

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Annex CC- Evaluation of integrated circuit (IC) current
limiters
CC.1 Integrated circuit (IC) current limiters
IC current limiters (used for current limiting the output of a power source in
accordance with the requirements of a limited power source, see 2.5) are not
shorted from input to output if they comply with all of the following:
− CLEARANCES and CREEPAGE DISTANCES for REINFORCED
INSULATION are provided between the input and output pins for the applicable
WORKING VOLTAGE, except for IC current limiters in SELV CIRCUITS;

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Annex CC- Evaluation of integrated circuit (IC)
current limiters (continued)
− the IC current limiters limit the current to the manufacturer’s specified value
(not to be more than 5 A) under normal operating conditions with any specified
drift taken into account;
− the IC current limiters are entirely electronic and have no means for manual
operation or reset;
− the IC current limiters shall limit the current in accordance with Table 2B
taking into account the manufacturer’s specified drift, as applicable, (an open
circuit is considered an acceptable result) after each of the conditioning tests
given in either of the test programs specified in CC.2 or in CC.3. The IC current
limiter need only meet one of the test programs.

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Annex DD-Requirements for the mounting means of rack-
mounted equipment
DD.1 General
These requirements apply to the mounting means of equipment having a mass
exceeding 7 kg installed in a rack that can be extended away from the rack for
installation, service and the like. This requirement does not apply to equipment
fixed in place and provided with equipment subassemblies or racks having a
top installation position less than 1 m in height from the supporting surface.
For the purpose of these requirements, the mechanical mounting means for
such equipment will be referred to as slide rails. These requirements are
intended to reduce the likelihood of injury by retaining the equipment in a safe
position and not allowing the slide rails to buckle, the means of attachment to
break, or the equipment to slide past the end of the slide rails.

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DD.2 Mechanical strength test, variable N
The slide rails shall be installed in a rack with the equipment, or equivalent
setup, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. With the equipment
in its extended position, a force in addition to the weight of the equipment is to
be applied downwards through the centre of gravity for 1 min by means of a
suitable test apparatus providing contact over a circular plane surface of 30
mm in diameter. If applying this force could damage the equipment, a metal
plate or other means to distribute the force may be placed under the test
apparatus. The total force shall be calculated based on the mass of the
equipment plus an additional mass as determined below.

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DD.2 Mechanical strength test, variable N (continued)
For slide-rail mounted equipment, where the slide rails are mounted
horizontally on each side of the equipment, the total force applied to the slide
rails shall be equal to the greater of the following two values:
− 150 % of the equipment mass plus 330 N,
− 150 % of the equipment mass, plus an additional mass, where the additional
mass is equal to the equipment mass or 530 N, whichever is less.
For slide rail mounted equipment where the slide rails are mounted vertically
on the top and bottom of the equipment in the rack, the total force applied to
the slide rails shall be 150 % of the equipment mass, with a minimum force of
250 N and a maximum force of 530 N.

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DD.2 Mechanical strength test, variable N (continued)
If the supporting surface is intended to be a shelf,
- The distribution force apply to the shelf can be specify by manufacturer.
- The force test shall be conducted at 125 % of the maximum weight stated by
the manufacturer
- The force is to be applied directly by means of the test apparatus providing
contact over a circular plane surface of 30 mm in diameter.
- A marking shall be provided on the shelf to indicate the maximum weight that
can be added to the shelf.

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DD.3 Mechanical strength test, 250 N, including end stops
- A 250 N static force is applied to the slide rail mounted equipment, in every
direction except upward for a period of 1 min.
- The force is applied to the slide rail mounted equipment in its fully extended
(service) position as well as its normally recessed (operating) position with a
test instrument(30 mm in diameter)
- The test instrument need not be in full contact with uneven surfaces

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DD.4 Compliance
Compliance is checked by inspection and available manufacturer’s data. If data
is not available, then the tests according to DD.2 and DD.3 are conducted.
- The slide rails shall remain secure during the tests.
- The mounting means shall not bend or buckle to any extent that could
introduce an injury.
- End stops shall retain the equipment in a safe position and shall not allow the
equipment to slide past the end of the slide rails.

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Annex EE-Household and home/office document/media
shredders
The shredder shall be provided the below markings or symbols:
− this equipment is not intended for use by children (the product is not a toy);
− avoid touching the document/media feed opening with the hands;
− avoid clothing touching the document/media feed opening;
− avoid hair touching the document/media feed opening; and
− keep aerosol products away [for equipment incorporating a universal (brush)
motor only].
− the symbol and shall be marked adjacent to the feed opening.

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EE.3 Inadvertent reactivation
It shall not be possible to defeat any SAFETY INTERLOCK or switch that
provides protection against the activation of the shredder mechanism by
means of the test finger of Figure 2A.

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EE.4 Disconnection of power to hazardous moving parts
- An isolating switch complying with 3.4.2 shall be provided to disconnect
power to hazardous moving parts.
- This switch shall be located where it is easily accessible to a USER whose
body part or clothing may be caught at the feed opening.

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EE.5 Protection against hazardous moving parts
- A warning statement shall not be used in lieu of construction features that
prevent access to hazardous moving parts.
- The test finger in Figure 2A shall be inserted into each opening in the
MECHANICAL ENCLOSURE, without appreciable force. The test finger shall
not contact hazardous moving parts
- The wedge probe, illustrated in Figure EE.1 and Figure EE.2, shall be
inserted into each feed opening in the MECHANICAL ENCLOSURE
a) A force not exceeding 45 N for strip-cut type
b) A force not exceeding 90 N for crosscut type
- Before application of the wedge probe, any MECHANICAL ENCLOSURES or
guards that are removable without the use of a TOOL shall be removed

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Figure EE.1 – Wedge probe (overall view)

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Introduce iec 60950 1 (2nd ed.) a1(for client)

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Introduce iec 60950 1 (2nd ed.) a1(for client)