Introducing Kubernetes
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This document provides an overview of Linux containers, Docker, and Kubernetes. It discusses how Linux containers have limitations that Docker aimed to address by providing a platform for managing containers. However, standalone Docker has issues at scale, which Kubernetes was created to solve by offering clustering and orchestration of Docker containers across multiple hosts. Key Kubernetes concepts are explained such as pods, labels, services, and deployments. The document concludes with a reference to a Kubernetes demo.
Introducing Kubernetes
- 2. Agenda ● Linux Containers ● Docker ● Kubernetes ● Kubernetes Architecture ● Kubernetes Demo
- 3. What is a container? -Application and process delivery mechanism -Stateless with all included dependencies -Fast start, hyper dense, and portable
- 5. Linux Containers • An operating system–level virtualization method for running multiple isolated Linux systems (containers) on a single control host.
- 6. Linux Containers drawbacks: • https://lwn.net/Articles/588309/ •Problem 1: effective virtualization. •Problem 2: sharing resources among containers. •Problem 3: making resource limits easy to understand. •Problem 4: live migration. •Problem 5: upstreaming. •Problem 6: a common file system. •Problem 7: inefficient storage.
- 8. Docker ● A platform for managing Linux Containers ● Began as an open-source implementation of the deployment engine which powers Cloud ● Started in March 2013 ● Provided an easy-to-use API and powerful container image management features ● Attracted the community very fast
- 9. Problems with standalone Docker ● Running a server cluster on a set of Docker containers, on a single Docker host is vulnerable to single point of failure!
- 10. Introducing
- 11. Kubernetes: Kubernetes is amature open-source platform for hosting Docker containers in a clustered environment with multiple Docker hosts. Provides container grouping, load balancing, auto-healing, scaling features. Based on learning from internal Google projects. Contributors == Google, CodeOS, Redhat, Mesosphere, Microsoft, HP, IBM, VMWare, Pivotal etc. Extensible / flexible API architecture.
- 12. Key Concepts of Kubernetes: Pod - A group of Containers Labels - Labels for identifying pods Kubelet - Container Agent Proxy - A load balancer for Pods etcd - A metadata service cAdvisor - Container Advisor provides resource usage/performance statistics Replication Controller - Manages replication of pods Scheduler - Schedules pods in worker nodes API Server - Kubernetes API server
- 13. Pods: The primary primitive for running containerized workload. -Unit of scheduling / resource envelope -May contain one or more containers -Containers share network, volumes, isolation components
- 14. Pods Cont. What does a pod look like?
- 16. Kubernetes Services Kubernetes object expressing pod networking endpoint (internal / external IP address). -Service is associate with pod through label selector -ClusterIP–exposed on cluster-internal IP -NodePort–exposed on nodes IP .via static port -LoadBalancer–exposed externally on providers NLB -ExternalName–map service to DNS name
- 17. Kubernetes Manifest YAML file to declare desired state of Kubernetes object types. -Define Kubernetes type -Define type specification -Labels / Annotations -Metadata apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: nginx-deployment labels: app: nginx spec: replicas: 3 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx template: metadata: labels: app: nginx spec: containers: - name: nginx image: nginx:1.14.2 ports: - containerPort: 80
- 18. Kubernetes demo: Kubernetes object expressing pod networking endpoint (internal / external IP address). -Service is associate with pod through label selector -ClusterIP–exposed on cluster-internal IP -NodePort–exposed on nodes IP .via static port -LoadBalancer–exposed externally on providers NLB -ExternalName–map service to DNS name
- 19. References: https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/ https://confluence.wdc.com/x/g05RHw https://confluence.wdc.com/x/qZ_DIQ Others…