Introduction to ARM7 micro Processor.pdf
- 1. Prof. Pritesh N. Saxena EC Department SCET, SURAT Introduction to Micro-controllers
- 2. Inside Embedded System Processor RAM, ROM Timer, Counter Operating System Write a C code as per requirement.
- 3. Embedded System works as per the codes written on it and not as per hardware.
- 5. Classification of Processor Based on bit size RISC or CISC Architecture ARM MIPS PowerPC X86
- 6. Basic Embedded System Basic Microcontroller 8051, AVR, PIC, MSP430 Advanced Microcontroller ARM, DSP RTOS Free RTOS, Linux, Symbian, Android Programming Language Assemble, C, C++, JAVA
- 7. ES in Automobile High end automobiles uses more than 100 microcontroller 4 bit for seat belt 8 bit for dash board device 16/32 bit to control signals
- 8. RISC Architecture Fixed size registers Load and store architecture is used. Large register banks can be used for any purpose Pipeline execution is possible Single cycle execution
- 9. System parameters as per your System??
- 10. Hardware Component Selection Circuit Simulation PCB Designing Testing and Verification Software RTOS
- 11. Development tools GNU Tool Chain Assembler linker Compiler ARM IDE Debugger/ Simulator Interfacing Modules
- 12. Pipelining Cache Memory Memory Organization Branch Prediction Virtual Memory
- 14. Brief History ARM (Advanced RISC Machine) Microprocessor was based on the Berkeley/Stanford RISC concept Originally called Acorn RISC Machine because developed by Acorn Computer in 1985
- 15. Features of ARM Processor 32 bit processor Load and store architecture is used RISC instruction set is used Uniform and fixed length instructions Inbuilt circuit for debugging
- 16. RISC vs CISC RISC CISC Fixed size registers Variable length Large register banks can be used for any purpose Registers have their assigned tasks Pipeline execution is possible Allowed up to certain level Hardwired instruction decode logic Large microcode Single cycle execution Many cycles were needed
- 18. Data Sizes and Instruction Sets When used in relation to the ARM Half word means 16 bits (two bytes) Word means 32 bits (four bytes) Double word means 64 bits (eight bytes) Most ARM implement two instruction sets 32-bit ARM Instruction Set 16-bit Thumb Instruction Se
- 19. Processor Modes The ARM has seven basic operating modes Each mode has access to own stack and a different subset of registers Some operations can only be carried out in a privileged mode
- 20. Modes of ARM
- 21. The ARM Register Set
- 22. The Program Counter (R15) When the processor is executing in ARM state: All instructions are 32 bits in length R14 is used as the subroutine link register (LR) and stores the return address when Branch with Link operations are performed, calculated from the PC. Thus to return from a linked branch MOV r15,r14 or MOV pc,lr
- 23. Embedded System 15 general purpose 32 bit register (r0-r14) R15 is used as PC R14 is used as lr or linker register CPSR – Current Program Status Register
- 24. CPSR Format Bit 0-4 is used for mode selection Bit 5 is used for Thumb instruction set Bit 6-7 is used for Interrupt handling N: Negative Z: Zero C: Carry V: Overflow
- 25. Logical Instruction Arithmetic Instruction Flag Negative No meaning Bit 31 of the result has been set (N=‘1’) Indicates a negative number in signed operations Zero Result is all zeroes Result of operation was zero (Z=‘1’) Carry After Shift operation Result was greater than 32 bits (C=‘1’) ‘1’ was left in carry flag oVerflow No meaning Result was greater than 31 bits (V=‘1’) Indicates a possible corruption of the sign bit in signed numbers Condition Flags
- 26. Mode selection