Introduction to cloud computing
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The document discusses key concepts of cloud computing including: - Cloud computing relies on pooled computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned via virtualization and automation to scale services up or down based on demand. - There are various hosting models ranging from self-hosting to full cloud computing, with cloud computing offering the lowest upfront costs and ability to pay based on usage. - Cloud computing has evolved from mainframe computing through distributed systems and grid computing to today's utility computing model of on-demand access to shared computing resources and services over the internet.
Introduction to cloud computing
- 1. 1 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. Principals Key Benefits Evolution of IT Computing Platform Shift Data Center Introduction to Cloud Computing
- 2. 2 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. CLOUD COMPUTING: PRINCIPALS Cloud Computing Pooled Resources Virtualization Elastic & Scaling Automation Billing
- 3. 3 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. POOLED RESOURCES: HOSTING MODELS -1 0 1 2 3 4 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 CAPEX: Up-front Capital Expenditure Colocation Self-Hosting Cloud Computing Managed Hosting OPEX: On-going Operation Costs Self-Hosting • CAPEX ($$$) • OPEX ($$$) Colocation • CAPEX ($$) • OPEX ($$) Managed Hosting • CAPEX (0) • OPEX ($$$) Cloud Computing • CAPEX (0) • OPEX ($$) Dedicated IT and IS Resources Space, Networks, Security, Power and other facilities Rental Outsourced IT based on Monthly Subscription & Minimum Period Contract Pay-As-You-Go & Provide Lower Financial Barriers for Initial Projects
- 4. 4 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. VIRTUALIZATION Partitioning Servers Into Virtual Servers (VMs) Memory CPU (Multi-Core) Storage Network Controller Operating System Applications Device Drivers Cost Effective Better Utilization Space Power Cooling Resource Availability Application Grow Application Shrink
- 5. 5 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. ELASTIC & SCALING Dynamic Scaling IMPACTS: Auto-Provisions of Resources Performance No-Manual Intervention Significant Lower of Hardware Delivery Time
- 6. 6 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. AUTOMATION – RESOURCE DEPLOYMENT API IMPACTS: Provision VMs Within Minutes Costs Management Billable only during the “ACTIVE” VMs hours Provision De-Provision
- 7. 7 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. BILLING – METERED CHARGES BASED ON USABILITY Cloud Model: • Pay-as-you-go model • No annual contract • No commitment for a specific level of consumption • Allocation of resources as needed • Pay on hourly basis • Many economic advantages benefits while running applications for IT organizations • No/less need for entrepreneurs to raise initial capital • Utilization of compute resources for pennies per hour • Playing field changer allowing the little guy an equal footing with large corporations
- 8. 8 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. KEY BENEFITS Business Conversion of CAPEX to OPEX Pay-as-you-go Model Drastically Lowering the Initial Projects Financial Barriers Agility Reduction of Months for Planning, Purchasing, Provisioning and Configuring Resources Improved Time-to-Market Factors Left to be Handled by the Experts Building the Data Center Security Reliability Performance Power Generators
- 9. 9 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. EVOLUTION OF IT COMPUTING – 20TH CENTURY 1960s: Single-User • Early Mainframe Systems 1970s: Time Shared • Virtualized Mainframe Resources • Virtual Machines Allocation for Users who share the same System 1980s: Client Server & Internet • TCP-IP Protocol Standard • Networking Technology Simplifies the Ability to Connect Systems • Shift from Centralized Computing to Distributed Systems • Computing Resources and Tasks moved to the Desktop • Thick Client Applications 1990s: Thin-Client Model • Reigned Through the Evolution of the WEB and HTTP
- 10. 10 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. EVOLUTION OF IT COMPUTING – INTO THE 21ST CENTURY 2000s: Grids, SAAS and Utility Computing • Commodity Hardware are Harnessed for Computing Tasks with Large Array of Hardware • Web Browsers Access and Handle Complex Applications 2005+: The Cloud • Utility Data Center Resources is Made Available as Service in On-Demand Model Through the WEB
- 11. 11 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. PLATFORM SHIFT
- 12. 12 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. CLOUD SERVICES LAYERS: X-AS-A-SERVICE TAXONOMY (XAAS) Cloud Enablement Infrastructure and Utilities providing the Glue Needed to Run the System Platform as a Service (PaaS) Environment for Building a Managed Application using IDE with Rich Class Library which Executes in a Runtime Container Software as a Service (SaaS) Packaged Software Applications Framework as a Service (FaaS) Environment for Building a Module for ERP System Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Environment for Building a Native Applications
- 13. 13 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. DATA CENTER: CLOUD OR MEGA TYPE CLASSIFICATION Structure • Container (packed with 1000+ servers) • Clean and consistent Power • Cooling • Network Connectivity and Ample of Bandwidth • Security (logical & Physical) • Disaster & Recovery Scaling • Geographical Proximity • Cheap Power • Volume Servers Pricing • Dynamic Power and Speed Scaling (CPU, Fan, etc.) • Cooling (Water) • Modular Cloud Data Center Configuration & Management • Cloud API Resource Controller • High VM Utilization • Security (x.509 key pairs) • Virtual Storage on demand • Application Database • Performance & Scalability
- 14. 14 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. DATA CENTER: HARDWARE Networking • High Bandwidth <10/Gbps • High Speed Broadband • Satellite • Wireless Networks Computational Power • (1976) Mega FLOPS: $33,000+ • (Today) Mega FLOPS (Quad Processor): $0.02 Storage • (1980s) Exceeds $200/MB • (Today) Under $0.01/MB Many and Everywhere Connectivity
- 15. 15 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. DATA CENTER: SOFTWARE Virtualization • Commodity Servers Partitioning • Multi-core • Time-Slice Operation SOA • Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication • Architectural Model for building Composite Applications on Virtual Instances SAAS Model • Business Model Innovation • Renting Software (no purchase) • Fee scales based on amount of use • Adoption of the on-demand or pay-as-you-go model
- 16. 16 © 2013. PubLead All rights reserved. Yosef Ohayon Founder and Owner www.publead.com
Editor's Notes
- #4: Economy of volume or bulk purchases of “goods”: Computing, storage, power and network capacity.
- #5: VMM: Virtual Machine Monitor or Hypervisor Thin Software Layer which Interface with the Hardware
- #11: Utility computing: Packaging of computing resources, such as computation, storage and services, as a metered service. This model has the advantage of a low or no initial cost to acquire computer resources. The repackaging of computing services became the foundation of the shift to “on-demand” computing, SAAS (Software as a service) and cloud computing models that further propagated the idea of computing, application and network as a service.
- #13: X-as-a-Service Taxonomy (XaaS): Cloud Services Classification by Level of Packaging Offered for the Consumer of the Service. Cloud technologies are evolving as various vendors attempt to provide services and populating the cloud ecosystems. IaaS: Known also as Hardware as a Service (Haas) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems: business process management software used to integrate and automate the business functions (operations, product planning, development, manufacturing processes, sales and marketing).
- #15: FLOPS: Floating Point Operation Per-Second. Computational Power and Storage: sample for costs reductions.
- #16: Commodity Servers: - A large part of the current commodity computing marketplace is based on systems that are capable of running Microsoft Windows, Linux and other, without requiring special drivers. - Some of the general characteristics of a commodity computer are: Shares a base instruction set common to many different models. Shares an architecture (memory, I/O map and expansion capability) that is common to many different models. High degree of mechanical compatibility, internal components (CPU, RAM, motherboard, peripheral cards, drives) are interchangeable with other models. Software is widely available off-the-shelf. Compatible with most available peripherals, works with most right out of the box. SOA: M2M Extension of the WEB based standard applied for Machine-to-Machine communication. Technologies transfer data on the condition of physical assets and devices to a remote central location for effective monitoring and control. Composite Applications Presents the software engineering perspective that defines an application built by combining multiple existing functions into a new application.