Introduction to mongo db
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Mwai Karimi gave an introduction to MongoDB, a scalable document-oriented database. Some key points: - MongoDB uses a flexible document data model and scales horizontally with sharding. It supports rich queries and indexing. - Documents correspond to objects in programming languages, reducing need for joins. Embedded documents and dynamic schemas provide flexibility. - CRUD operations allow creating, reading, updating, and deleting documents. Collections contain documents and scale out across servers. - MongoDB supports features like replication, auto-sharding, security controls, and disaster recovery through Ops Manager to provide high availability, scalability, and manageability.
Introduction to mongo db
- 1. Introduction to MongoDB Faro Dev Day 16 Mwai Karimi @openbk /kmwai
- 2. Agenda Intro Concepts & Rationale ● What is Mongodb, evolution, Key Features ● Internals, crud operations, data management, security, provisioning and disaster recovery
- 3. About me Student Web developer, tech enthusiast Ardent foodie, travel junkie Passionate about women empowerment & History
- 4. Concepts & Rationale ● Hardware - Parallelism (cores / servers / Cloud Computing / Distributed computing) ● Scale up -> “Big data” ● Make app dev easier & elegant ○ Complex structure, unstructured, polymorphic Scaling / dev Speed / Complex data
- 5. Scale Out
- 6. What is MongoDB • Scalable High-Performance Open-source, Document-oriented database. • Built for Speed • Rich Document based queries for easy readability. • Full Index Support for High Performance. • Replication and Failover for High Availability. • Auto Sharding for Easy Scalability. • Map / Reduce for Aggregation. Support for multiple storage engines
- 7. Why Documents? ● Documents (i.e. objects) correspond to native data types in many programming languages. ● Embedded documents and arrays reduce need for expensive joins. ● Dynamic schema supports fluent polymorphism.
- 9. Driver support C, C++, Java, PHP, Python, Node, Pearl, Ruby, Motor, Erlang
- 10. Internals Database - database ● Made up of multiple collections ● Created on the fly when referenced for the first time Collection - Table ● Schemaless - Contains documents ● Indexable ● Created on the fly when referenced Document - Row ● Stored in a collection ● Have _id - similar to primary keys ● Supports Relationships (embedded / referenced) ● Stored in BSON (Binary JSON)
- 11. internals Restrictions ● The field name _id is reserved for use as a primary key; its value must be unique in the collection, is immutable, and may be of any type other than an array. ● The field names cannot start with the dollar sign ($) character. ● The field names cannot contain the dot (.) character. ● The field names cannot contain the null character.
- 12. CRUD Operations Create - Create or insert operations add new documents to a collection. If the collection does not currently exist, insert operations will create the collection. MongoDB provides the following methods to insert documents into a collection: ● db.collection.insert() ● db.collection.insertOne() New in version 3.2 ● db.collection.insertMany() New in version 3.2
- 13. CRUD Operations Read operations retrieves documents from a collection; i.e. queries a collection for documents. MongoDB provides the following methods to read documents from a collection: ● db.collection.find()
- 14. CRUD Operations Update operations modify existing documents in a collection. MongoDB provides the following methods to update documents of a collection: ● db.collection.update() ● db.collection.updateOne() New in version 3.2 ● db.collection.updateMany() New in version 3.2 ● db.collection.replaceOne() New in version 3.2
- 15. CRUD Operations Delete operations remove documents from a collection. MongoDB provides the following methods to delete documents of a collection: ● db.collection.remove() ● db.collection.deleteOne() New in version 3.2 ● db.collection.deleteMany() New in version 3.2
- 16. Data Management ● Auto-Sharding (sharding) - automatically balances the data in the sharded cluster as the data grows or the size of the cluster increases or decreases. ○ Range based - docs partitioned across shards according to the shard key value ○ Hash based - “ “ according to the MD5 hash of the shard key value ○ Zone Sharding - provides dba & ops teams w/ opportunities to define rules governing data placement in a sharded cluster ● Availability - through Replication (replica sets) ○ Replica failover fully automated ○ No. of replica sets fully configurable (up to 50) - allows for data durability in case of failures ○ Replica sets allow for operational flexibility - db does not need to be taken offline ○ Allows for tunable consistency - apps reading from secondaries (data is consistent by default)
- 17. Security ● Authentication - integration w/ LDAP, Kerberos ● Authorisation - admins can define user-based roles ● Auditing - audit log to track any op taken against the db ● Encryption - Data can be encrypted on the network, disk & in back ups
- 18. Provisioning, Monitoring and Disaster Recovery Made possible by the Mongodb Ops Manager ● Deployment - Any topology, at any scale ● Upgrade - In minutes, with no downtime ● Scale - Add capacity, without taking the application offline ● Visualize - Graphically display query performance to identify and fix slow running operations ● Point-in-time, Scheduled backups - restore complete running clusters to any point in time with just a few clicks, because disasters aren't predictable ● Performance Alerts - Monitor 100+ system metrics and get custom alerts before the system degrades.
- 19. MongoDB Atlas DB as a service Automated operations - deploy in minutes Elastic - easy to scale up or out Performance metrics in real time
- 20. Resources Case studies - (mongodb.com/customers) Documentation - (docs.mongodb.com) MongoDB Enterprise download - mongodb.com/download MongoDB Atlas - (mongodb.com/cloud/atlas)