XCUITest for iOS App Testing and how to test with Xcode
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This document discusses IOS app testing using XCTest and XCUITest. It covers the challenges of IOS automation, current tool options like Appium, XCTest, and XCUITest. It provides an introduction to XCTest and XCUITest, including how to create a basic automation script. It also discusses the impact of XCUITest on Appium, as Appium now proxies commands to XCUITest for IOS 9 and above, rather than the deprecated UIAutomation framework.
![Scripting Elements
There are three core APIs
XCUIApplications
let app = XCUIApplication()
XCUIElements and XCUIElementQuery
let emailTextField = app.textFields["Email"]
emailTextField.typeText("testmunkdemo@testmunk.com")
Assertion
XCTAssertEqual(app.textFields.count, 2);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pcloudyiosxcuitest-170609054406/85/XCUITest-for-iOS-App-Testing-and-how-to-test-with-Xcode-11-320.jpg)
![if (device.getVersion().compareTo(new Version("9.3")) >= 0) {
// XCUITest
keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//XCUIElementTypeApplication[1]/XCUIElement
TypeWindow[1]/XCUIElementTypeOther[1]/XCUIElementTypeTextField[1]"), "test@t
estname.com", "Email");
keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//XCUIElementTypeApplication[1]/XCUIElement
TypeWindow[1]/XCUIElementTypeOther[1]/XCUIElementTypeSecureTextField[1]"), "
testmunk", "Password");
} else {
// UIAutomation
keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[1]/UIATextFiel
d[1]"), "test@testname.com", "Email");
keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[1]/UIASecureT
extField[1]"), "testmunk", "Password");
}
XCUITest vs UIAutomation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pcloudyiosxcuitest-170609054406/85/XCUITest-for-iOS-App-Testing-and-how-to-test-with-Xcode-16-320.jpg)
XCUITest for iOS App Testing and how to test with Xcode
- 1. IOS App testing with XCTest and XCUITest
- 2. Mobile Testing platforms for developers and testes to test their app on targeted region specific smartphones and networks Who we are?
- 3. What all we are going to cover? IOS Automation challenges Current tool options Introduction to XCTest and XCUITest Creating a basic automation script Understanding impact of XCUITest on Appium
- 4. IOS Automation challenges Any Automation tool has for IOS has to rely on Native Test Framework provided by Apple ( UIAutomator or XCUITest) Native framework have limited set of APIs restricting the type of actions that can be performed on Apps during Automation IOS App resigning and distribution profile is quite cumbersome.
- 5. What are the current options for IOS automation? Features/Tools Appium (>1.6 version) Calabash XCTest XCTUITest EarlGrey Type of Mobile Application Supported Native Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Hybrid Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Mobile Web Yes No No No No Type of Automation Scripts UI Driven Functional Tests Yes Yes No Yes Yes Unit Tests No No Yes No Yes Scripting Language Java, C#, Ruby, Python, Perl Cucumber, Ruby Objective C, Swift Objective C, Swift Objective C Test Recording capability Partial ( Using Appium Inspector) No Yes Yes No
- 6. Features/Tools Appium(Including XCUITest) Calabash XCTest XCTUITest EarlGrey Multi Device Execution (on in- house devices) Yes ( Selenium Grid) Framework Dev required Framework Dev required Framework Dev required Framework Dev required Multi Device Execution (on Cloud Platforms like pCloudy) Yes Yes Upcoming Upcoming Upcoming Integration with CI tools (Jenkins) Plug-ins available Plug-ins available Framework Development required Framework Development required Framework Development required Ease of learning medium medium Complex ( For developers) Complex ( For developers) Complex ( For developers) Object Recognition Method Native Object Recognition ( Based on Object Properties) Native Object Recognition ( Based on Object Properties) Native Object Recognition ( Based on Object Properties) Native Object Recognition ( Based on Object Properties) Native Object Recognition ( Based on Object Properties) Support Extremely Active Community Average Supported by Apple Supported by Apple Supported by Google What are the current options?
- 7. Introduction to XCTest XCTest is testing framework provided by XCode. Released with XCode 5 XCTest provides the ability to create Test case subclasses Test Methods Assertions Allows tests to be run directly from the source code Supports both Objective C and Swift It can be used as part of CI using XCode server and XCodeBuild. A significant improvement to the framework with launch of XCUITest wit XCode 7
- 8. Introduction to XCUITest XCUITest is combination of XCTest and Accessibility Framework by XCode. Accessibility framework provides all the API to perform UI actions like Tap, Swipe etc. XCUITest allows UI Testing Find elements on UI Interface Perform UI Actions on those elements Validate UI properties In terms of IOS versions , XCUITest can work for IOS 9 and above
- 9. Let’s understand the ecosystem XCTest XCode XCodeServer XCodeBuild Command Line Tool to build and execute tests. This is used by XcodeServer Used for Continuous Integration. Schedule bot Runs and generate reports IDE where tests be written or recorded Test Framework
- 10. Concept of Hosting Understanding the difference XCTest .app file XCUITest UI Test Runner .app file Host Application Host Application Target Application Test Bundle Test Bundle
- 11. Scripting Elements There are three core APIs XCUIApplications let app = XCUIApplication() XCUIElements and XCUIElementQuery let emailTextField = app.textFields["Email"] emailTextField.typeText("[email protected]") Assertion XCTAssertEqual(app.textFields.count, 2);
- 12. Let’s create a basic test
- 13. Impact on Appium On IOS, Appium proxies commands to UIAutomation script ( part of Instruments). UI Automation scripts are Java scripts to interact with APP UI.
- 14. Impact on Appium For IOS 9.x and above UIAutomation with Instruments Deprecated and replaced with All the scripts written with UIA will fail with XCode 8 and can’t be run for IOS 9.3 above versions
- 15. Impact on Appium The following capabilities need to be set after creating AppiumDriver object to run XCUITest above v9.3 Please refer to the following blog for more information of Appium execution on pCloudy https://www.pcloudy.com/xcuitest-for-ios-apps-and-how-to-test-with-xcode/
- 16. if (device.getVersion().compareTo(new Version("9.3")) >= 0) { // XCUITest keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//XCUIElementTypeApplication[1]/XCUIElement TypeWindow[1]/XCUIElementTypeOther[1]/XCUIElementTypeTextField[1]"), "test@t estname.com", "Email"); keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//XCUIElementTypeApplication[1]/XCUIElement TypeWindow[1]/XCUIElementTypeOther[1]/XCUIElementTypeSecureTextField[1]"), " testmunk", "Password"); } else { // UIAutomation keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[1]/UIATextFiel d[1]"), "[email protected]", "Email"); keywords.typeText(By.xpath("//UIAApplication[1]/UIAWindow[1]/UIASecureT extField[1]"), "testmunk", "Password"); } XCUITest vs UIAutomation
- 17. Summary Launch of XCUITest has made significant impact on IOS automation approach (new and existing) XCUITest is future for IOS automation. Appium is still the most popular choice of Automation tool for IOS Apps. It can be used with both UIAutomation for older version and XCUITest with 9.3 above versions.
- 18. Thank You Let’s change the way Mobile App Testing is performed