IOT_PPT1.pdf

Introduction by
Dr. Kantipudi MVV Prasad
Reference: Bob Gill, P.Eng., FEC, smIEEE
15 July 2019
1

Index
 What is Internet of Things?
 How IoT Works?
 Current Status & Future Prospect of IoT
 Knowledge Management – From Data to Wisdom
 The Future of IoT
 The Potential of IoT
 Few Applications of IoT
 Technological Challenges of IoT
 Criticisms & Controversies of IoT
 References
2

What is IoT?
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical
objects or "things" embedded with electronics, software,
sensors, and network connectivity, which enables these
objects to collect and exchange data.
IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled
remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating
opportunities for more direct integration between the
physical world and computer-based systems, and resulting
in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit.
3

"Things," in the IoT sense, can refer to a wide variety
of devices such as heart monitoring implants, biochip
transponders on farm animals, electric clams in coastal
waters, automobiles with built-in sensors, DNA analysis
devices for environmental/food/pathogen monitoring or
field operation devices that assist fire-fighters in search
and rescue operations.
These devices collect useful data with the help of
various existing technologies and then autonomously flow
the data between other devices.
4

The concept of the Internet of Things first became
popular in 1999, through the Auto-ID Center at MIT and
related market-analysis publications. R
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) was seen as a
prerequisite for the IoT at that point. If all objects and
people in daily life were equipped with identifiers,
computers could manage and inventory them. Besides
using RFID, the tagging of things may be achieved through
such technologies as near field communication, barcodes,
QR codes, bluetooth, and digital watermarking.
History of IoT
5

How IoT Works?
Internet of Things is not the result of a single novel
technology; instead, several complementary technical
developments provide capabilities that taken together help
to bridge the gap between the virtual and physical world.
These capabilities include:
 Communication and cooperation
 Addressability
 Identification
 Sensing
 Actuation
 Embedded information processing
 Localization
 User interfaces
6

How IoT Works?
7
RFID Sensor Smart Tech Nano Tech
To identify
and track
the data
of things
To collect
and process
the data to
detect the
changes in
the physical
status of
things
To enhance
the power of
the network
by devolving
processing
capabilities to
different part
of the
network.
To make the
smaller and
smaller
things have
the ability to
connect and
interact.

The Structure of IoT
The IoT can be viewed as a gigantic network
consisting of networks of devices and computers
connected through a series of intermediate technologies
where numerous technologies like RFIDs, wireless
connections may act as enablers of this connectivity.
 Tagging Things : Real-time item traceability and addressability
by RFIDs.
 Feeling Things : Sensors act as primary devices to collect data
from the environment.
 Shrinking Things : Miniaturization and Nanotechnology has
provoked the ability of smaller things to interact and connect
within the “things” or “smart devices.”
 Thinking Things : Embedded intelligence in devices through
sensors has formed the network connection to the Internet. It
can make the “things” realizing the intelligent control.
8

Current Status & Future Prospect of IoT
9
“Change is the only thing permanent in this world”

IoT as a Network of Networks:
11
These networks connected with added security, analytics, and
management capabilities. This will allow IoT to become even
more powerful in what it can help people achieve.

Knowledge Management –
Turning Data into Wisdom
12
The more data that is created, the better understanding and
wisdom people can obtain.

The Future of IoT
13
"The Sky's not the limit. It's only the beginning with IoT."

The Potential of IoT
14
GE’s estimates on potential of just ONE percent savings
applied using IoT across global industry sectors.

Unlock the Massive potential of IoT
15

Applications of IoT
"The Ultimate Goal of IOT is to Automate Human Life."
17

Few Applications of IoT
Building and Home automation
Manufacturing
Medical and Healthcare systems
Media
Environmental monitoring
Infrastructure management
Energy management
Transportation
Better quality of life for elderly
... ... ...
You name it, and you will have it in IoT!
18

Sensors in even the holy cow!
In the world of IoT, even the cows will be connected
and monitored. Sensors are implanted in the ears of cattle.
This allows farmers to monitor cows’ health and track their
movements, ensuring a healthier, more plentiful supply of
milk and meat for people to consume. On average, each
cow generates about 200 MB of information per year. 22

29
IoT helps you in LIFE LOGGING

TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF IoT
At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:
 Scalability
 Technological Standardization
 Inter operability
 Discovery
 Software complexity
 Data volumes and interpretation
 Power Supply
 Interaction and short range communication
 Wireless communication
 Fault tolerance
31

Criticisms and Controversies of IoT
Scholars and social observers and pessimists have
doubts about the promises of the ubiquitous
computing revolution, in the areas as:
 Privacy
 Security
 Autonomy and Control
 Social control
 Political manipulation
 Design
 Environmental impact
 Influences human moral decision making
33

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface), RCA(Radio Corporation of America ), SD (Secure Digital), (MMC) Multi Media Card,
SDIO (Secure Digital Input Output)
(UART) Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, SPI (serial peripheral interface), I2C(Inter-IC bus), CAN (Controller Area Network)

WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)

Fig: Request Response Model Used By REST

URI can be a name, locator, or both for an online resource where a URL is just the locator. URLs
are a subset of URIs. That means all URLs are URIs. It doesn't work the opposite way though.

 Cloud computing is a paradigm of computing, a new way of thinking
about IT industry but not any specific technology.
 Central ideas
 Utility Computing
 SOA - Service Oriented Architecture
 SLA - Service Level Agreement
 Properties and characteristics
 High scalability and elasticity
 High availability and reliability
 High manageability and interoperability
 High accessibility and portability
 High performance and optimization
 Enabling techniques
 Hardware virtualization
 Parallelized and distributed computing
 Web service

Benefits From Cloud
 Cloud computing brings many benefits :
 For the market and enterprises
 Reduce initial investment
 Reduce capital expenditure
 Improve industrial specialization
 Improve resource utilization
 For the end user and individuals
 Reduce local computing power
 Reduce local storage power
 Variety of thin client devices in daily life

Service Models Overview
 What if you want to have an IT department ?
 Similar to build a new house in previous analogy
 You can rent some virtualized infrastructure and build up your own
IT system among those resources, which may be fully controlled.
 Technical speaking, use the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
solution.
 Similar to buy an empty house in previous analogy
 You can directly develop your IT system through one cloud platform,
and do not care about any lower level resource management.
 Technical speaking, use the Platform as a Service (PaaS) solution.
 Similar to live in a hotel in previous analogy
 You can directly use some existed IT system solutions, which were
provided by some cloud application service provider, without
knowing any detail technique about how these service was achieved.
 Technical speaking, use the Software as a Service (SaaS) solution.

Infrastructure as a Service
 Infrastructure as a Service - IaaS
 The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage,
networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the
consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include
operating systems and applications.
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed
applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components
.
 Examples :
 Amazon EC2
 Eucalyputs
 OpenNebula
 … etc

Infrastructure as a Service
 System architecture :

Platform as a Service
 Platform as a Service - PaaS
 The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud
infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using
programming languages and tools supported by the provider.
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage,
but has control over the deployed applications and possibly application
hosting environment configurations.
 Examples :
 Microsoft Windows Azure
 Google App Engine
 Hadoop
 … etc

Platform as a Service
 System architecture :

Software as a Service
 Software as a Service - SaaS
 The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running
on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices
through a thin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure
including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual
application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific
application configuration settings.
 Examples :
 Google Apps (e.g., Gmail, Google Docs, Google sites, …etc)
 SalesForce.com
 EyeOS
 … etc

References
1. www.google.com
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things
3. Cisco whitepaper, "The Internet of Things" - How the Next
Evolution of the Internet Is Changing Everything, by Dave Evans,
April 2011.
4. GE cloud expo 2014, "Industrial Internet as a Service", by Shyam
Varan Nath, Principal Architect.
5. Dr. Mazlan Abbas, MIMOS Berhad, Wisma IEM, Petaling Jaya
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