IP Addrass and classes Network and security.pptx
- 1. IP ADDRASS AND CLASSES By : Yassen Hadhoud
- 2. AGENDA What is IP Address? IP structure IP Classes Examples 2
- 4. WHAT IS IP ADDRESS? • An Internet Protocol (IP) address is the unique identifying number assigned to every device connected to the internet. • An IP address is an address used in order to uniquely identify a device on an IP network. • The address is made up of 32 binary bits, which can be divisible into a network portion and host portion with the help of a subnet mask. • The 32 binary bits are broken into four octets (1 octet = 8 bits). • Each octet is converted to decimal and separated by a period (dot). • or this reason, an IP address is said to be expressed in dotted decimal format (for example, 172.16.81.100). The value in each octet ranges from 0 to 255 decimal, or 00000000 - 11111111 binary. 4
- 5. 5 The IP addresses are unique. An IP address is a 32-bit address. The address space of IPv4 is 232 or 4,294,967,296. Note:
- 6. IP STRUCTURE
- 7. IP STRUCTURE IP addresses consist of four sections Each section is 8 bits long Each section can range from 0 to 255 Written, for example, 128.35.0.72 7
- 8. IP CLASSES
- 9. CLASS A • Class A addresses are for networks with large number of total hosts. • Class A allows for 126 networks by using the first octet for the network ID. • The first bit in this octet, is always zero. • The remaining seven bits in this octet complete the network ID. • Class A network number values begin at 1 and end at 126. • Public IP Range: 1.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255 • Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 (8 bits) الشبكه قناع • Number of Networks: 126 الشبكه عدد • Number of Hosts per Network: 16,777,216 المضيف عدد 9
- 10. CLASS A • 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 >>>>>>> Loopback Address • Used with Troubleshooting – الخاصه األغراض • وكارت بتاعي الجهاز ان اختبر عاوز لو مثال lan مشكله مفهومش بالنت متصلين 10
- 11. CLASS B • Class B addresses are for medium to large sized networks. • The first two bits in the first octet are always 1 0 • Public IP Range: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 • First octet value range from 128 to 191 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 (16 bits) الشبكه قناع 11
- 12. CLASS C • Class C addresses are used in small local area networks (LANs). • the first three bits of the first octet are always 1 1 0. • Public IP Range: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0 • First octet value range from 192 to 223 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) الشبكه قناع 12
- 13. CLASS C • Class C addresses are used in small local area networks (LANs). والبيوت المكاتب مثل الصغيره والشبكات • the first three bits of the first octet are always 1 1 0. • Public IP Range: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0 • First octet value range from 192 to 223 • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) الشبكه قناع 13
- 14. CLASS D • Class D IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are used for multicasting. • Multicasting allows a single host to send a single stream of data to thousands of hosts across the Internet at the same time. • Range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 • First octet value range from 224 to 239 14
- 15. CLASS E • Class E IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are not available for general use. These are reserved for research purposes. • Range: 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 • First octet value range from 240 to 255 15
- 16. EXAMPLE : 16 Find the class of each address: a. 227.12.14.87 b.193.14.56.22 c.14.23.120.8 d. 252.5.15.111 e.134.11.78.56 Solution a. The first byte is 227 (between 224 and 239); the class is D. b. The first byte is 193 (between 192 and 223); the class is C. c. The first byte is 14 (between 0 and 127); the class is A. d. The first byte is 252 (between 240 and 255); the class is E. e. The first byte is 134 (between 128 and 191); the class is B.
- 17. EXAMPLE : 17 Find the class of each address: a. 00000001 00001011 00001011 11101111 b. 11000001 10000011 00011011 11111111 c. 10100111 11011011 10001011 01101111 d. 11110011 10011011 11111011 00001111 Solution a. The first bit is 0. This is a class A address. b. The first 2 bits are 1; the third bit is 0. This is a class C address. c. The first bit is 0; the second bit is 1. This is a class B address. d. The first 4 bits are 1s. This is a class E address..
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- 20. 20 • Class A addresses begin with 0xxx, or 1 to 126 decimal. • Class B addresses begin with 10xx, or 128 to 191 decimal. • Class C addresses begin with 110x, or 192 to 223 decimal. • Class D addresses begin with 1110, or 224 to 239 decimal. • Class E addresses begin with 1111, or 240 to 254 decimal.
- 21. THANK YOU Yassen Mohamed Hadhoud 21