iqbal presentation.pptx
- 2. Presentation : Blood Grouping & Cross Match (Compatibility Testing) Presenter Iqbal Hussain
- 3. Selection of safest blood components for transfusion With acceptable donor’s red cell survival rates Without destruction of recipient’s red cells Confirms ABO compatibility Cross matching between patient’s serum and donor’s cells will detect antibodies to other blood groups, if present. Purpose Compatibility Testing
- 4. 1. Identification of patient & its sample o patient full name & hospital registration # o name of requesting physician o date & time of sample collection o initials of phlebotomist o information clearly written on requisition form and sample 2. ABO & Rh of recipient and donor blood 3. Test for clinically significant red cell antibodies on patient serum Steps in pre-transfusion testing Compatibility Testing
- 5. 1. Identification of patient & its sample o patient full name & hospital registration # o name of requesting physician o date & time of sample collection o initials of phlebotomist o information clearly written on requisition form and sample 2. ABO & Rh of recipient and donor blood 3. Test for clinically significant red cell antibodies on patient serum 4. Performance of serological cross match Steps in pre-transfusion testing Compatibility Testing
- 6. Pre-transfusion testing procedure Compatibility Testing Donor Unit Testing ABO grouping: Rh grouping TTD (Transfusion transmitted disease ) testing for mandatory markers Recipient Testing ABO grouping: Rh grouping, Cross match
- 7. Patient serum 2 drops Incubation 37oC, 1 hr Donor RBC 1 drop, 5% Centrifuge 2 drops AHG Mix properly Agglutination = incompatible No agglutination = compatible Cross Matching Procedure Compatibility Testing
- 8. Compatibility Testing Phase Detects Saline phase ABO incompatibilities AHG phase Rh, Points to remember: Preserve recipients serum & donor red cell segment for a week. However, fresh sample of the patient is needed after 48 hrs of transfusion Do not withdraw sample from the IV line Infuse red blood cells within 4 hours Cross Matching Procedure
- 9. All record to be initialed by the technician performing the test Result to be entered in blood grouping register, cross matching report proforma, donor and master donor record register Compatibility Testing Documentation
- 10. Incomplete requisition forms Haemolyzed samples EDTA and clotted sample oPlasma prevents detection of complement dependent antibodies oFibrin clots, which may form, can be mistaken for agglutination Compatibility Testing Problems In Cross Matching
- 11. Main Methods Of Grouping • The forward grouping • suggests the presence or absence of A and B antigens in RBCs, • whereas reverse grouping indicates the presence or absences of anti-A and anti-B in serum • In this method, a glass slide or white tile support is divided into three parts, as for each part, a drop of donor or recipient blood is mixed with anti-A, anti-B and anti-D separately.