IRJET- Behaviour of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Structure in High Seismic Zone

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1056
Behaviour of Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Structure in High Seismic
Zone
Firoz Ali1, Nausher Khan2, Prof.B. S Tyagi3, Mohd. Adnan4
1Post Graduate Student in Structural Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Radha Govind Engineering
College, Meerut-250004, INDIA
2,4Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Meerut-250103, INDIA
3Head of Department, Department of Civil Engineering, Radha Govind Engineering College, Meerut-250004, INDIA
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – Structural designs of buildingsforseismicloadis
very important for structural safety during major motions;
most of the hilly regions of India are massively seismic.
Hilly regions of India fall under the high seismic zones.
Behaviour of building differs in hilly slope from the other
buildings on planes 3-D Analytical model of building are
analyze the use of structural evolution tool “SAP 2000 Non
linear.” Structural analysis is mainly used for finding out the
behaviour of a structural and this action can be done in the
form of load due to the weight of things such as people,
furniture, snow etc. The aim of this paper is to study the
behaviour of symmetrical and asymmetrical building in high
seismic zone using SAP 2000. To study the effect of seismic
analysis is done using linear dynamic i.e. response spectrum
method.
Key Words: - Symmetric and Asymmetric building,
Response spectrum method, SAP 2000, Story drift, Base
shear, Time period, History Analysis.
1. INTRODUCTION
At present people are facing problems of land scarcity, cost
of land. The pollution, explosion and introduction of
industrial revolution led to the exodus of peoplefromvillage
to urban. Loading on buildings can vary from normal
commercial loads to heavy loads for special buildings used
for special purpose. The high rised structure is not properly
design for the resistance of lateral forces. It may cause to the
complete failure of structures. The earthquake resistance
structures are design based on some factors. The factors are
natural frequency of the structures, type of forced action.
Importance of the building etc. The structure design for
ductility needs to be designed for less lateral loads as it has
better moment distribution qualities.
In earthquake design the construction is subjected to
random motion of the floor at its base which induces inertia
forces in the building.
1.1 Objectives
i) To study the element forces and response base
reactions for analysis of symmetric and
asymmetric structure.
ii) To study the effect of time period, history analysis
for symmetric and asymmetric multistory
building.
iii) To compare the base reactionselementforces,story
drift of buildings.
1.2 Methodology
There is different type of earthquake analysis methods but
response spectrum method being time consuming and
tedious process.
Most of the time it resorts to computer applications. Now
adays modelling the structure, usually we model the space
frame, neglecting the in-fill wall stiffness. The seismic
coefficient method should not be applied to anything other
than mass concrete because today with the availability of
powerful computers and software’s.
The peak members force displacement, story forces, story
shears and base reactions for each modeof responseshall be
combined by recognized methods to estimate to total
response. The representation of the max. Response of
idealized single degree freedom system having certain time
period.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
In 2017, A. Sampath & G. Srikanth studiedthe behaviourof
symmetrical and asymmetrical structure in high seismic
zone. For this a 3-D analytical model of 4 and 9 storied
building had been generated for symmetrical and uneven
building models and analyze with the structural evaluation
tool “SAP 2000 ‘’ The analysis is done to study the effect of
time period, frequency, response base reactions and joint
reactions, element forces, section cut forces of symmetrical
and asymmetrical multistoriedbuildinginhighseismic zone.
From the analysis we conclude that the performance of
asymmetrical building is better than symmetrical building

for given loading and soil condition and base shear of
symmetrical structure is more as compare to asymmetrical
structure. Also, the tensional moment is asymmetrical
structure is more than symmetrical structure.
In 2017, Prof. Shindey Ganesh & Birari Vipul studied
seismic behaviour of building of symmetrical and
asymmetrical structure using STAAD Pro.Seismic analysisis
a major tool in earthquake engineering which is used to
understand the response of building due to seismic
excitations in a simpler manner. Seismic analysis method is
used in this study are: - Equivalent Static analysis and
response spectrum Analysis &Time history analysis. The
plan dimensions of symmetric structure are 15mx10m and
symmetric structure is 10mx10m and a floor height of 3m.
Each in all the floors. Static analysis gives higher values for
max. Displacement of the stories in both X and Z direction.
Base shear values obtained by manual analysis are slightly
higher than software analysis. The lower base shear is
getting in symmetrical shape building and the higher base
shear is getting isasymmetrical shapebuilding.Theirregular
shape building undergoes more deformation and hence
regular shape building must be preferred. Equivalent Static
analysis gives higher values as Compared to Spectrum
Method.
In 2016, Burugula Subrahmanyam Prasanth and J.
Simon presented to find variation of parameter
displacement, story drift, time period, base shear with
respect to geometry of building.Responsespectrumanalysis
was done for all the models using ETABSsoftwareandall the
above parameters are extracted from all the models
including one reference model with rectangular geometry.
All the models generated are compared with that of the base
for reference models and the results are stated. It was found
that the story drift was maximum at the bottom of the
structure when compared to the above stories so as the
displacement. Circular column isfoundtohaveincrease base
shear when compared with remaining models’ masonry in
fills induces stiffness which reduces the stiffness of the
structure.
In 2013, Ganesh Baravkar and VijayaSarathypresented
“Parametric study of response of an as symmetric building
for various earthquake resistance factors.” In this paper
earthquake is major concern in high seismic prone areas.
The structure which lies in seismic zone are to be specially
designed. The goal of earthquake resistant design is to
construct structures that fare better during seismic activity
and their conventional counterparts. In this paper a study is
conducted on the performance of an asymmetric structure,
with plan irregularity, strength and stiffnessirregularities.A
time history analysis is performed using relevantsoftware,a
comparative discussion is made on theresponseofstructure
between normal building and building which is designedfor
earthquake resistant. The results showed that it was
important to select a suitable parameter, for the type of
resistance that the building must offer. This parametric
study clears the importance of each earthquake resistance
factors.
3. MODELLING OF STRUCTURE-
For this study, two types of buildings are taken, one is
symmetric and other is F- shaped asymmetric model. All the
buildings are modelled using SAP2000v20.2.0.Eachbuilding
is an 8 -storey building and the height of each storey is 3.3m.
The plan of building models is given below: -
1. Model 1 – symmetric building model is taken as shown
in fig -1.
2. Model 2 – An F-shaped building model is taken as
shown in fig -2.
Table- 1 Design details
S.
No.
Particulars Dimension/Value
1. No. of Stories G+7
2. Floor to Floor height 3.3m
3. Beam Size 350mmX450mm
4. Column Size 500mmX500mm
5. Thickness of Slab 150mm
6. Height of Building 26.4m
7. Wall Thickness 230 mm
8. Grades of Concrete M20, M25, M30
9. Grade of Steel Fe415
10. Response Reduction
Factor
5
11. Importance Factor 1.2
12. Soil Condition Medium (II)
13. Seismic Zone IV (0.24)
14. Damping 5%
15. Live Load 2KN/m2
16. Floor Finish 1.8KN/m2
17. Earthquake Load As per IS-1893-
2016(Part-I)
18. Analysis Method Response Spectrum
Analysis
19. Software Used SAP2000v20.2.0

Figure -1: Symmetric model (3d)
Figure-2 Asymmetric F- shaped model.
4. RESULTS
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
MODE1
MODE2
MODE3
MODE4
MODE5
MODE6
MODE7
MODE8
MODE9
MODE10
MODE11
MODE12
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
TIME PERIOD (SEC)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
BASE SHEAR
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
BASE SHEAR FOR EQX (KN)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
BASE SHEAR
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
BASE SHEAR FOR EQY (KN)

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
BASE SHEAR
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
BASE SHEAR FOR RSX (KN)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
BASE SHEAR
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
BASE SHEAR FOR RSY (KN)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
LATERAL DISPLACEMENT IN X-DIRECTION FOR EQX
(mm)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
LATERAL DISPLACEMENT IN X- DIRECTION FOR
RSX (mm)
0
0.0002
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.001
0.0012
0.0014
0.0016
0.0018
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
STORY DRIFT IN X- DIRECTION FOR EQX (mm)
0
0.0002
0.0004
0.0006
0.0008
0.001
0.0012
0.0014
0.0016
0.0018
MODEL 1
MODEL 2
STORY DRIFT IN X- DIRECTION FOR RSX (mm)

5. CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions are drawn from the results: -
1. The value of Base shear is greater for F-shaped
model than for symmetrical model in case of EQX,
EQY. RSX and RSY.
2. The value of Lateral Displacement is greater for F-
shaped model than for symmetrical model incaseof
EQX, EQY, RSX and RSY.
3. The value of Storey Drift is greater for F-shaped
model than for symmetrical model in case of EQX,
EQY, RSX and RSY.
4. The value of Time Period is greater for F-shaped
model than for symmetrical model.
5. The value of Time Period is increasing as the mode
number increasing.
6. REFERENCES
[1] A. Sampath, G. Srikanth, “Behavior of symmetric and
asymmetric structure in high seismic zone”,
International journal ofprofessional engineeringstudies
(IJPES) Volume 09 Issue 01 August 2017.
[2] Prof. Shinde Ganesh M, Birari Vipul R, Desale Sachin L,
Jondhale Rohini B, Sabale Ganesh V, “Analysis of
symmetric & asymmetric shaped g+6 storied rc frame
structure for earthquake loading using staad pro.”,
International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) Volume 04 Issue 05 May 2017.
[3] Burugula Subrahmanya Prasanth
*
and J. Simon, “Study
on Behaviour of Asymmetric Building with Different
Column Sections under Seismic Loading”,IndianJournal
of Science and Technology (IJST) Volume 9 Issue 30
August 2016.
[4] IS 1893:2016(Part-I), “Criteria of Earthquake Resistant
Design of Structures” Bureau of Indian standards, New
Delhi.
[5] Computer and structures (2018) “SAP2000v20.2.0:
integrated software for structural analysis and design”.
Computers and Structures Inc. Berkeley, CA, U.S.A.
7. BIOGRAPHIES
1Firoz Ali, PG Student in Structural
Engineering, Department of Civil
Engineering, Radha Govind
Engineering College, Meerut.
2Nausher Khan, Assistant
Professor, Department of Civil
Engineering, Meerut Institute of
Engineering and Technology,
Meerut.
4Mohd. Adnan, AssistantProfessor,
Department of Civil Engineering,
Meerut Institute of Engineering
and Technology, Meerut.

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