IRJET - Importance of Edge Computing and Cloud Computing in IoT Technology to Process Real Time and Time Sensitive Data

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1440
Importance of Edge Computing and Cloud Computing In IoT
Technology to Process Real Time and Time Sensitive Data
Prof. Subhash B. Malewar1, Prof. Nirmal Mungale2
1,2G H Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur, Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, GHRCE, Nagpur,
Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - Edge computing performs the operation nearer
to the source of data generation i.e. it always best to do thing
nearer to source rather than central server why because if
data is less or data is very sensitive then it is always best to
process at edge of network that is closest to data server. So in
which some data process locally at local identified and
classified node. After processing this time sensitive data only
refined data send to cloud without raw data. It helps in
Internet of thing and real time data processingand delivery. In
poor network area only sending refined data required less
transmission bandwidth so it help in datatransmissionevenin
poor network connectivity.
Cloud computing provides the different types of services on-
demand services as per need concept of computer system
resources, basically storage, computing, operating system
environment, processor etc without directactivemanagement
by the user. Clouds are spread all over world and user access
the services but the locations of cloud are hidden from users.
Key Words: cloud, edge, computing, on demand service
1. INTRODUCTION
In cloud computing users request to cloud provider for
required services as per need and after completing the need
user left the cloud services and pay foronlyforthattimeslot.
Now what is this scenario clouds are located across the
world same user also spread across the geographically
different location. For this different types of devices and
equipment located to the edge and server that help to
provide cloud services. So the data process at centre level
and that delivered to the users and devices at edges not
process any request or data. Now question arises that this
technology takes some time in request and reply but whatin
the case of real time data processing and time sensitive data
processing which required to take quick decision, to solve
this problem edge computing technique use where the data
process and compute at the source of data that means at the
edge in which the processing done at the identified device
node that are connected in network.Smartsensorssense the
input data and process own without sending tocloudserver.
Today’s Internet of thing is widely used conceptforreal time
delivery for example in traffic management, healthcare,
temperature adjustment etc in which IoT devices use that
uses artificial intelligence technology whichistimesensitive
devices take input process it and take decision to avoid
damages or to take some cure.
Whereas in cloud computing data not process at edge level
but it process at cloud server. Cloud provides differenttypes
of services in the form of storage, computing environment,
processor, software, virtual machines etc. through on
premise datacenter. The maintenance and management are
done by cloud providers.
1.1 Services provided by cloud computing
1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): In IaaS, differentIT
infrastructures like storage, networks, operating
systems, servers and virtual machines (VMs), from a
cloud service vendor. Using IaaS, we get maximum
flexibility by crating virtual machines, but still, we need
to put more effort into maintenance.
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS): This service provides an
on-demand environment for developing, testing,
delivering, and managing software applications. The
developer is responsible for creating and deploying the
application. In PaaS, the management of the
environment is taken care of by the cloud vendors and
user pay only for services.
3. Software as a Service (SaaS): It provides a centrally
hosted and managed software services to the end-users
or customers. It delivers software on-demand through
internet services, and typically on a subscription basis.
E.g., Microsoft One Drive, Office 365, Amazon Kindle
Dropbox, WordPress,. SaaS is used to minimize the
operational cost to the maximum extent.

Fig-1:-Processing site difference in cloud computing and
edge computing
2. DEFINITIONS AND MOTIVATIONS
Advantages of edge computing and how it upgrade the
Internet of Things (IoT) services.
Lesser Network Load-It reduced the network because
processing done at node side so less network bandwidth
required transferring the data
Zero Latency-latency means time between device send
request to clouds server and server give reply. In time
sensitive case this time should be minimal to take decision.
Reduced Data Exposure-Less data transfer to cloud
because data is process at node level and only set of data
transfer.
Computational Efficient-Computational load will be
reduced on cloud server because it distributed all over the
connected edges
Security and Privacy-data processatedgesobeforesending
to cloud it can encrypt so secure the data and maintain the
privacy
2.1 Which One’s better? Edge Computing vs. Cloud
Computing
If we study about cloud computing and edge computing one
thing is clear that both computing are different attributes as
both work in same way but at different location. Both
Technologies have its own importance. Cloud computing
prefer when there is no need of instant decision making and
lots of data required to process and storesoitrequiredsome
time in second or in minutes also. Edge computing is used to
process time-sensitive and real time data, we can say that it
is time driven whereas cloud computing is not time driven
Edge computing is preferred overcloudcomputing whereno
connectivity or poor network problem like remote locations
or military operations. This operation required all
processing technique which is use in cloud computing but in
small range or mini data center. Many intelligence devices
compute based on some machinelearningor neural network
technology. These specialized computing devices are
intelligent and respond to particular machines in a specific
way or defined or undefined way.
2.2 Why Edge Computing technology required in
current scenario?
 If there is less connectivity or poor for IoT devices.
 If IoT devices not able to connect with the central cloud
in continuous manner.
 The latency factor affect data transmission and delivery
of reply in edge computing data does not traverseovera
network to a central cloud for processing so effect of
latency.
 Reduces the data traversing, asdata isproducednoneed
to send over a network; instead, it compilesthedata and
sends daily reports to the cloud for long term storage,
i.e.,.
 Direct access to gateway into the telecom provider’s
network, which connects to a public IaaS cloudprovider
that benefits by 5G cellular networks by
telecommunication companies
3. CONCEPT AND METHODOLOGY
What is the role of edge computing and how it will be helped
in Internet of Thing, It will be clear by taking some IoT
devices and its function which takes data and process and
take quick decision also it will clear what will be happened if
we use cloud computing instead of edge computing
What is the need of Edge Computing When Cloud
Computing Is Available?
This is an important question asked by most IT and IT
supported professionals. Let’s take one example of a
machine whose functionality is very crucial for an
organization. A delay or a little delay also would results in
huge losses for the organization in decision-makingprocess,
such problem solved by organizations by using edge
computing because smart devices identified as mini data
center has power of small amount of processing are placed
on the edge of the network. The device continuously
monitors a pre-defined parameters setfortolerancelevels,if
the value of parameter are outside of the accepted level, a

warning signal or decision signal is issued as soon as the
machine reaches the failure level, resulting in the shutdown
of the machine within microseconds to avoid further losses
There is a latency factor in communication means thetimeit
takes sending a query through your device to the network
and for a reply to come back is called latency. Smart devices
are limited by factors like network speed, bandwidth and
even the distance from the server or the database to the
devices. Most of the time latency affects the performance of
the device. However, in some cases, that latency could
potentially damage the devices or situation even human
being taking example of self driving car can make collision.
Edge Computing allows such devices to compute and make
decisions locally, at high speed, without affecting their
efficiency.
Fig -2: Three tier edge computing model
In above figure three layer of computing shown first one is
IoT devices second one is edge and third one is cloud. In first
layer that work at user level different devices or say IoT
devices work like drones, healthdevices ,smarthomesystem
, alarming system, industry quick action systemfortechnical
fault etc. These all connected via Ethernet, wi-fi or different
network connectivity to edge where different mini data
center like gateway, edge server, cellular tower perform the
edge computing after that process data stored at cloud.
Following are some example of real time data processing
environment in which time sensitivity is very important
factor followed by one case study.
 Traffic management
 Self-driving vehicles
 Fleet management
 Stock market trading
 Safety monitoring in remote oil and gas rigs
 Power management with smart grids & smart
meters
 Gaming
 Health sector etc.
Case Study: Edge-Computing Video Analytics for Real-
TimeTraffic Monitoring in a Smart Cityby JohanBarthélemy,
Nicolas Verstaevel, University of Wollongong, Wollongong,
NSW 2522, Australia, explain theprojectaimstodevelopand
evaluate mobility trackers using CCTV live feeds. In town
they deploy twenty sensors to monitor traffic flows. Fifteen
of them are already existing CCTVs while five of them will
use mobile CCTVs allowing relocation if needed. By this way
they tract the real-time data and control the traffic in
efficient way. They also prove two main advantages whichis
aim of edge computing, limited amount of data transmitted
to cloud after edge processing so less transmission of data
and lowers the network bandwidth requirement as no raw
images is transmitted, the device is privacy compliant.
4. CONCLUSIONS
Both of these technologies have equal weightage to get high
results. Cloud computing has its own advantages and
importance for big dada analysis and computation but have
some disadvantages also in regards real time and time
sensitive data computation. The drawbacks of cloud
computing remove by using edge computing. The
combination of edge computing and cloud computing can
provide you with the opportunity to maximize their
potential and, at the same time, reduce their drawbacks. In
IT and AI both can perform excellent job that will change
paradigm of thinking towards high performance and
accurate decision making system.
IoT devices will be able to run faster and process data
efficiently without losing storage capacity and processing
power. Now we can say that future of networks lies
somewhere between edge computing and cloud computing.
Today, both of these technologies remain most relevant and
provide data analytics and data processing solutions for
various organizations in form of data science.
REFERENCES
[1] “Challenges and Opportunities in Edge Computing” by
Blesson Varghese, Nan Wang, Sakil Barbhuiyaar
Xiv:1609.01967v1 [cs.DC] 7 Sep 2016
[2] “A survey of edge computing based designs for IoT
security” by Kewei Sha *, T. Andrew Yang, Wei Wei,
Sadegh Davari Digital Communications and Networks

[3] “Edge-Computing Video Analytics for Real-TimeTraffic
Monitoring in a Smart City” by Nicolas Verstaevel ,Hugh
Forehead and Pascal Perez 2018
[4] “Edge Computing” By WEISONG SHI, Fellow IEEE Guest
Editor 2019
[5] “Edge computing:AsurveyFutureGenerationComputer
Systems · February 2019 Wazir Zada Khana, Ejaz
Ahmedb, Elsevier April 2, 2019
[6] “Edge Computing: A Survey On the Hardware
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Maurizio Capra , Riccardo Peloso ,Future Internet 2019
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