IRJET- Studies on Strengthenhancement of Concrete by Coir Fibre

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 06 Issue: 09 | Sep 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 285
STUDIES ON STRENGTHENHANCEMENT OF CONCRETE BY COIR FIBRE
P.Murthi1, Md.Saqlain Musthaq2, M. Bhavani2, Md. Osman Jauhar2, V. Rama Devi2
1Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SR Engineering College, Telangana, India
2Student, Department of Civil Engineering, SR Engineering College, Telangana, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract –This paper presents the results on impact of coir
fibre substitution in concrete performance. M20 grade fibre
reinforced concrete was tested after adding coir fibre.
Compressive strength, Split tensile strength and Elastic
modulus were conducted with addition of 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%,
1.5% coir percentages. The test specimens were cured for
3,7,28 days in water under laboratory condition. The
correlation between the strength properties were predicted
and compared. Based on the test results, it is concluded that
the addition of 1% coir fibre is not shown any reduction in
workability and the tensile strength of concrete were
improved up to 1.5% coir fibre.
Key words: Coir fibre, workability, compressive strength,
Split tensile strength, Elastic modulus.
1. INTRODUCTION
Theconcrete made from Portland cement is relatively
strong in compression but weak in tension and tends to be
brittle (1).The weakness in tension can be overcome by
the use of conventional steel bars reinforcement and to
some extent by the mixing of a sufficient volume of certain
fibers (2). The use of fibers recalibrates the behavior of the
fiber-matrix composite after it has cracked through
improving its toughness (3).A fibre is a small discrete
reinforcing material produced from various materials like
steel, plastic, glass, carbon and natural materials in various
shapes and size(4). A numerical parameter describing a
fibre as its aspect ratio, which is defined as the fibre
length, divided by an equivalent fibre diameter
[l/d].Typical aspect ratio [l/d] range from 30 to 150 for
length dimensions of 0.1 to 7.62 cm typical fibre diameters
are 0.25 to 0.76 mm for steel and 0.02 to 0.5 mm for
plastic (5-7). The plain concrete fails suddenly when the
deflection corresponding to the ultimate flexural strength
is exceeded, on the other hand fiber reinforced concrete
continue to sustain considerable loads even at deflections
considerably in excess of the fracture deflection of the
plain concrete.
2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1 Materials:
The materials selected for this experimental study
includes normal natural coarse aggregate, manufactured
sand as fine aggregate, cement, coir fibre and portable
drinking water. The physical and chemical properties of
each ingredient has considerable role in the desirable
properties of concrete like strength and workability.
2.1.1Cement:
Market available Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) was
used in this experiment.
Table 1 Physical properties of cement
2.1.2 Aggregates:
Fine Aggregate (FA): FA of size passed through IS Sieve
4.75 mm was used. The fineness modulus of the FA was
found to be 2.65 and the presence of silt contents was less
than 4%. The specific gravity and grading limit of FAwere
found as 2.62 and zone II respectively (8).
Coarse Aggregate (CA): Locally available CA of size
passed through 20 mm size IS sieve was used in the
investigation (8). The fineness modulus of the CA was
found to be 6.75 and the specific gravity was found as 2.85.
The grain size distribution results was shown that the CA
chosen in this investigation belongs to well graded
aggregate. Both FA and CA complied with the
requirements of IS: 383-2016.
2.1.3 Fibre:
Coir fibre which is available in agricultural industry was
used in this experiment and as shown in the Figure 1.
Fig.1 Coir fibre
2.1.4 Mix proportioning
The details of mix proportioning of M20 grade concrete are
shown in Table 2. The fibre content varies from 0 to 2% by
weight of cement used in the mix.
Standard consistency 34%
Initial setting time (minutes) 147
Final setting time (minutes) 325
Specific gravity 3.11
28 days Compressive strength (MPa) 45.07

Table 2 Mix proportioning
Mix
ID
Quantity of ingredient (kg/m3) Fibre
Cement FA CA Water % (kg/m3)
M0 350 735 1150 175 0 0
M1 350 735 1150 175 0.5 1.75
M2 350 735 1150 175 1 3.5
M3 350 735 1150 175 1.5 5.25
M4 350 735 1150 175 2.0 7.0
2.1.5 Methodology
The effect of adding coir fibre on the strength properties
were evaluated by compressive strength, split tensile
strength and Elastic modulus as mentioned in the flow
diagram as shown in Figure 2.It is predicted the correlation
between compressive strength and tensile strength and
elastic modulus of coir fibre reinforced concrete (9).
2.1.6 Testing methods
The workability of the fresh concrete was evaluated using
slump cone test. The concrete specimens of150 X 150 X
150mm was used for compressive strength test and the
surface of the cube specimens were cleaned before placing
in the compression testing machine. The compressive
strength of the concrete was determined by dividing the
load applied before failure by cross sectional area of the
cube specimen. The load was applied at the rate of 2.5kN/s
as per IS: 516-1959. The testing of cube specimen in
compression testing machine is shown in Figure 3.
The split tensile strength test was performed using the
concrete specimens of 150 mm diameter and 300 mm
height cylinder for finding the indirect tensile strength of
concrete using the formula and the testing of cube
specimen in compression testing machine is shown in
Figure 3.
ft = [ ]
Where:
T = splitting tensile strength.
P= maximum applied load
D= diameter of the specimen, mm.
L= length of the specimen in mm.
Fibrereinforced concrete
M20 grade concrete
Mix proportions
Studies on fresh concrete
properties
Studies on hardened
concreteproperties
Slump value
Compressive
strength
Split tensile
strength
Elastic
modulus
Developmentof relationshipbetween strength
and Tensile strength/Young’smodulus
3days,7days,21days
Fig.2Methodology
Fig.3Compressive Strength test on cube
Fig.4Compressive Strength test on cube
The Modulus of elasticity of concrete test was conducted
using the concrete specimens of 150 mm diameter and
300 mm height cylinder and the deflection of specimen
due to the axial compressive load was measured by
deflecto-meter. The deformation of the specimen with
respect to different load was expressed by stress-strain
graph. The slope of the curve gives the modulus of
elasticity of concrete.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.2.4 Test Results
The workability of fresh concrete with and without coir
fibre content is shown in Figure 5. It is clearly shown that
the addition of coir fibre is reduced the slump value in all
the substitution levels.
Figure 5.Slump value of coir fibre reinforced concrete.
The compressive strength development of the different
mixes with respect to curing period is shown in Figure 6.
The substitution of coir fibre had shown increases the
strength up to 1% of coir fibre. Based on the 28 days
compressive strength of 1% coir fibre mixed concrete is
18.2% more than control concrete. However the fibre
content in the concrete composition more than 1%
reduces the strength concrete due to the reduction of bond
between the paste form and aggregate. The split tensile
strength of 28 days cured different concrete mixes with
coir fibre are illustrated in Figure 7. The tensile strength of
fibre reinforced concrete was increased up to 1%
substitution of coir fibre similar to the compressive
strength. The tensile strength of control concrete is
measured as 9% of compressive strength. But the addition
of 1% coir fibre increases the split tensile strength up to
13% of compressive strength. The comparison of split
tensile strength and compressive strength at 28 days is
shown in Figure 8. It is predicted the correlation between
compressive strength and tensile strength coir fibre
reinforced concrete as ft = 0.63(fck)0.54 with higher
correlation coefficient.
Figure 6. Compressive strength development of coir fibre
reinforced concrete
Figure 7. Split tensile strength of coir fibre reinforced
concrete after 28 days curing
Figure 8.Comparision between compressive strength and
Split tensile strength of coir fibre reinforced Concrete
The elastic modulus of 28 days cured concrete mixes with
various % of coir fibres are illustrated in Figure 9. The
elastic modulus of fibre reinforced concrete was increased
80
75
65
60
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
SlumpValue(mm)
Coir Fibre (%)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Compressivestrength(MPa)
Curing Periods (Days)
3 Days 7 Days
28 Days 90 Days
2.78
3.83
4.05 3.91 3.88
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
SpiltTensileStrength(MPa)
Fibre Content (%)
y = 0.63x0.54
R² = 0.98
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
4
4.1
26 27 28 29 30 31 32
SplitTensileStrength(MPa)
Compressive Strength (MPa)

up to 1% substitution of coir fibre. The elastic modulus of
control concrete is determined as 25350 MPa.The addition
of 1% coir fibre increases the elastic modulus up to 28090
MPa. The comparison of elastic modulus and compressive
strength at 28 days is shown in Figure 10. It is predicted
the correlation between compressive strength and tensile
strength coir fibre reinforced concrete as ft = 5134(fck)0.508
with higher correlation coefficient. IS: 456-2000 specified
correlation between the compressive strength and tensile
strength of concrete as 0.7 √ and compressive
strength and elastic modulus as 5000 √ . However, the
results of this investigation concluded that the
substitution of 1% coir fibre had shown more than the
code recommendation for normal concrete.
Figure 9.Elastic Modulus of coir fibre reinforced
concrete after 28 days curing
Figure 10. Comparision between compressive strength
and Elastic modulus of coir fibre reinforced
Concrete
4. CONCLUSION
The Experimental investigation are concluded that the
substitution of coir fibre for the development of fibre
reinforced concrete reduces the slump value. The
compressive strength, split tensile strength and elastic
modulus of coir fibre reinforced concrete was increased
up to the substitution of 1% coir by weight of cement. The
relationship between compressive strength and tensile
strength was found as ft = 0.63(fck)0.54 with higher
correlation coefficient. The correlation between
compressive strength and elastic modulus was found as ft
= 5134(fck)0.508.
REFERENCES
[1] Amudhavalli, N K &Murthi P (2015), “Durability study
on Fibre Reinforced Concrete Mineral Admixture”,
International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research vol.10, no.61.
[2] Amudhavalli,N K & Murthi P (2014) “Corrosion of
Rebar in Polyester Fibre Reinforced Blended Concrete
using Impressed current Techniques”, Journal of
Pollution Research, Vol.33,no.2pp.493-498.
[3] Saiyed Faraz Abbas Zaidi, Mohd. Afaque. Khan,and
Abhishek Kumar ,” Fiber Reinforced concrete using
waste material: A review” International Research
Journal of Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2395 -
0056, Volume: 03 Issue: 03, Mar-2016,pp-534-536
[4] Alshimaa A. Hussien, Ghada D. Abd El-hameed, Hamed
M. Hadhood and Adel G. El-attar,” Properties of
Normal and High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete
using Recycled Aggregate and Different Fibers” World
Applied Sciences Journal, ISSN 1818-4952, 2015, pp-
1676-1685
[5] M. Moradian and M. Shekarchi, “Durability and
dimensional stability of steel fiber reinforced
cementitious mortar in comparison to high
performance concrete”, Asian journal of civil
engineering, vol. 17, no. 4(2016) pages 515-535
[6] V.S. Parameswaran, T.S. Rishnamoorthy and
Balasubramanian”, Current Research and Applications
of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Composites in India”,
Transportation Research Record 1226, pp-1-6
[7] Faisal Fouad Wafa, ”Properties and Applications of
Fiber Reinforced Concrete”, JKAU: Eng. Sci., Vol. 2, pp.
49-63
[8] Selvarajkumar P & Murthi P (2015), “Experimental
study on sandcrete blocks with Rice Husk Ash and
Eco sand as partial replacement of cement and sand”,
International Journal of Applied Engineering
Research, Vol.10, No.47, pp. 32353 – 32358.
[9] Murthi P and Sivakumar V (2009), “Studies on the
relationship between Compressive Strength and
Splitting Tensile Strength of Ternary Blended
Concrete”, Journal of Institution of Engisneers (India),
Vol.89, February, pp.39 – 44.
25350
27080
28090
27250
26610
20000
21000
22000
23000
24000
25000
26000
27000
28000
29000
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
ElasticModulus(MPa)
Fibre Content (%)
y = 5134x0.508
R² = 0.98
25000
25500
26000
26500
27000
27500
28000
28500
24 26 28 30 32
ElasticModulus(MPa)
Compressive Strength (MPa)

BIOGRAPHIES
Dr. P. Murthi, M.Tech., M.B.A.,
Ph.D
Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering,
S R Engineering College,
Warangal, Telangana.
MD. Saqlain Musthaq
UG Student,
S R Engineering College
M. Bhavani
UGStudent,
Md. Osman Jauhar
UG Student,
V. Rama Devi
UG Student,

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