Islam and quran

Islam and quran

• 1.
  Brief Overview of theQur'an Gina Belmonte
• 2.
  The Qur'an: Revealed Only “Holy Book” or “Scriptures” of Islam – Qur'an= “recitation”  Muslims believe it to be revelations of Allah/God – through angel Gabriel – to prophet Muhammad  First revelation during Ramadan 610 CE – Surah 96: Lailat al-Qadr “night of power”  Revelations continued 23 years – Until Muhammad's death, 632 CE
• 3.
  The Qur'an: Written Muhammad memorized individual revelations – He "recited" them to his followers. – They wrote them down, during his lifetime  Qur'an not compiled until 640s CE – Under third Caliph, Uthman ibn Arran – All other versions destroyed
• 4.
  Content  Qur'an contains: –Moral guidelines – Laws of God – Rules of Islamic Faith  In form of: – moral directives – legal prescriptions – exhortations – admonitions – condemnations – warnings – good tidings – words of consolation
• 5.
  Language & Genre Written in Arabic – Any translations are considered "interpretations"  Only one genre: Prophecy – Speaker is God, through angel Gabriel
• 6.
  Contents & Arrangement 114 Surahs – With 3-285 Ayas each  Arranged by length – Decreasing length – Except Intro Surah 1  Same heading: – "In the name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful" – All except Surah 9  Divided into 30 Juz (blocks) – Muslims read whole Qur'an during Ramadan
• 7.
  Themes in theQur'an  Earlier Surahs (1, 6-7, 10-21, 23, 25-32, 34- 46, 50-56, 67-114) – Makkan period • Social justice, conversion, final judgment, monotheism  Later Surahs (2-5, 8-9, 22, 24, 33, 47-49, 57- 66, 98, 110, [55, 76, 99?]) – Madinan Period • Relationships within Muslim Community • Relationships with Jews and
• 8.
  “People of theBook”  Ref. to members of monotheistic faiths: – Jew & Christians  Qur'an mentions many HB characters  Inter-faith marriage: – Marrying Jews or Xns allowed for Muslim men only, not women  Muslims respect these faiths, but Qur'an is thought most accurate
• 9.
  Other Foundational Literature Hadiths – Sayings & actions of Muhammad – Sunna ("custom") become guidelines for Muslim life after death of Muhammad – Compiled 9th cent. CE  Biographies of Muhammad – Various editions
• 10.
  Summary  Islamic Scripture:Qur'an  Believed to be revelations of God, through Gabriel, to Muhammad  Respect for other monotheistic faiths, but Qur'an is most accurate revelation  114 Surahs, longer to shorter (except 1)  Divided into Ayahs  Originally in Arabic; Prophetic Genre  Makkah Surahs: establish Islam  Madinah Surahs: build community  Other core writings: Hadiths, Sira