Java server face tutorial

Java Server Faces (JSF) Tutorial

JAVA SERVER FACES TUTORIAL
Simply Easy Learning by tutorialspoint.com

tutorialspoint.com

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ABOUT THE TUTORIAL

Java Server Faces Tutorial
JavaServer Faces (JSF) is a Java-based web application framework intended to simplify development integration of web-
based user interfaces. JavaServer Faces is a standardized display technology which was formalized in a specification
through the Java Community Process.

This tutorial will teach you basic JSF concepts and will also take you through various advance concepts related to JSF
framework.

Audience
This tutorial has been prepared for the beginners to help them understand basic JSF programming. After completing this
tutorial you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in JSF programming from where you can take yourself to next
levels.

Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic understanding of Java programming language, text editor and
execution of programs etc. Because we are going to develop web based applications using JSF, so it will be good if you
have understanding on other web technologies like, HTML, CSS, AJAX etc.

Copyright & Disclaimer Notice
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or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover that the tutorialspoint.com site or this tutorial content contains some
errors, please contact us at webmaster@tutorialspoint.com

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Table of Contents
Java Server Faces Tutorial ....................................................... i
Audience ................................................................................... i
Prerequisites ............................................................................. i
Copyright & Disclaimer Notice ................................................... i
JSF-Overview ........................................................................... 1
JSF - Environment Setup .......................................................... 3
JSF - Architecture..................................................................... 9
JSF – Life Cycle ...................................................................... 11
JSF – First Application ........................................................... 13
JSF – Page Navigation ............................................................ 25
JSF – Basic Tags ..................................................................... 38
JSF – Convertor Tags .............................................................. 41
JSF – Validator Tags ............................................................... 42
JSF – Data Table .................................................................... 43
JSF – Composite Components ................................................. 44
JSF – Ajax .............................................................................. 49
JSF – Event Handling ............................................................. 53
JSF – JDBC Integration ......................................................... 69
JSF – Spring Integration ......................................................... 75
JSF – Expression Language ..................................................... 82
JSF - Internationalization ....................................................... 85

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1
CHAPTER

JSF-Overview
This chapter describes the basic definition and concepts of Java Server Faces (JSF).

What is JSF?

J ava Server Faces (JSF) is a MVC web framework that simplifies the construction of user interfaces (UI) for

server-based applications by using reusable UI components in a page. JSF provides facility to connect UI widgets
with data sources and to server-side event handlers. The JSF specification defines a set of standard UI components
and provides an Application Programming Interface (API) for developing components. JSF enables the reuse and
extension of the existing standard UI components.

Benefits
JSF reduces the effort in creating and maintaining applications which will run on a Java application server and will
render application UI on to a target client. JSF facilitates Web application development by

 proving reusable UI components

 making easy data transfer between UI components

 managing UI state across multiple server requests

 enabling implementation of custom components

 wiring client side event to server side application code

JSF UI component model
JSF provides developers capability to create Web application from collections of UI components that can render
themselves in different ways for multiple client types (for example HTML browser, wireless or WAP devise).

JSF provides

 Core library

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 A set of base UI components - standard HTML input elements

 Extension of the base UI components to create additional UI component libraries or to extend existing
components.

 Multiple rendering capabilities that enable JSF UI components to render themselves differently depending on
the client types.

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2
CHAPTER

JSF - Environment Setup
This chapter describes the environment setup of Java Server Faces (JSF)

T his tutorial will guide you on how to prepare a development environment to start your work with JSF

Framework. This tutorial will also teach you how to setup JDK, Eclipse, Maven, and Tomcat on your machine before
you setup JSF Framework:

System Requirement
JSF requires JDK 1.5 or higher so the very first requirement is to have JDK installed in your machine.

JDK 1.5 or above.

Memory no minimum requirement.

Disk Space no minimum requirement.

Operating System no minimum requirement.

Follow the given steps to setup your environment to start with JSF application development.

Step 1 - Verify Java installation on your machine
Now open console and execute the following java command.

OS Task Command

Windows Open Command Console c:> java -version

Linux Open Command Terminal $ java -version

Mac Open Terminal machine:~ joseph$ java -version

Let's verify the output for all the operating systems:

OS Generated Output

Windows java version "1.6.0_21"

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Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_21-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 17.0-b17, mixed mode, sharing)

java version "1.6.0_21"
Linux Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_21-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 17.0-b17, mixed mode, sharing)

java version "1.6.0_21"
Mac Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_21-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM)64-Bit Server VM (build 17.0-b17, mixed mode, sharing)

Step 2 - Setup Java Development Kit (JDK):
If you do not have Java installed then you can install the Java Software Development Kit (SDK) from Oracle's Java
site: Java SE Downloads. You will find instructions for installing JDK in downloaded files, follow the given
instructions to install and configure the setup. Finally set PATH and JAVA_HOME environment variables to refer to
the directory that contains java and javac, typically java_install_dir/bin and java_install_dir respectively.

Set the JAVA_HOME environment variable to point to the base directory location where Java is installed on your
machine. For example

OS Output

Windows Set the environment variable JAVA_HOME to C:Program FilesJavajdk1.6.0_21

Linux export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java-current

Mac export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/Home

Append Java compiler location to System Path.

OS Output

Windows Append the string ;%JAVA_HOME%bin to the end of the system variable, Path.

Linux export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin/

Mac not required

Alternatively, if you use an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) like Borland JBuilder, Eclipse, IntelliJ IDEA,
or Sun ONE Studio, compile and run a simple program to confirm that the IDE knows where you installed Java,
otherwise do proper setup as given document of the IDE.

Step 3 - Setup Eclipse IDE
All the examples in this tutorial have been written using Eclipse IDE. So I would suggest you should have latest
version of Eclipse installed on your machine based on your operating system.

To install Eclipse IDE, download the latest Eclipse binaries with WTP support
fromhttp://www.eclipse.org/downloads/. Once you downloaded the installation, unpack the binary distribution into a
convenient location. For example in C:eclipse on windows, or /usr/local/eclipse on Linux/Unix and finally set PATH
variable appropriately.

Eclipse can be started by executing the following commands on windows machine, or you can simply double click
on eclipse.exe

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%C:eclipseeclipse.exe

Eclipse can be started by executing the following commands on Unix (Solaris, Linux, etc.) machine:

$/usr/local/eclipse/eclipse

After a successful startup, if everything is fine then it should display following result:

Step 4: Download Maven archive
Download Maven 2.2.1 from http://maven.apache.org/download.html

OS Archive name

Windows apache-maven-2.0.11-bin.zip

Linux apache-maven-2.0.11-bin.tar.gz

Mac apache-maven-2.0.11-bin.tar.gz

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Step 5: Extract the Maven archive
Extract the archive, to the directory you wish to install Maven 2.2.1. The subdirectory apache-maven-2.2.1 will be
created from the archive.

OS Location (can be different based on your installation)

Windows C:Program FilesApache Software Foundationapache-maven-2.2.1

Linux /usr/local/apache-maven

Mac /usr/local/apache-maven

Step 6: Set Maven environment variables
Add M2_HOME, M2, MAVEN_OPTS to environment variables.

OS Output

Set the environment variables using system properties.
M2_HOME=C:Program FilesApache Software Foundationapache-maven-2.2.1
Windows
M2=%M2_HOME%bin
MAVEN_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx512m

Open command terminal and set environment variables.
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven/apache-maven-2.2.1
Linux
export M2=%M2_HOME%bin
export MAVEN_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx512m

Open command terminal and set environment variables.
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven/apache-maven-2.2.1
Mac
export M2=%M2_HOME%bin
export MAVEN_OPTS=-Xms256m -Xmx512m

Step 7: Add Maven bin directory location to system path
Now append M2 variable to System Path

OS Output

Windows Append the string ;%M2% to the end of the system variable, Path.

Linux export PATH=$M2:$PATH

Mac export PATH=$M2:$PATH

Step 8: Verify Maven installation
Now open console, execute the following mvn command.

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OS Task Command

Windows Open Command Console c:> mvn --version

Linux Open Command Terminal $ mvn --version

Mac Open Terminal machine:~ joseph$ mvn --version

Finally, verify the output of the above commands, which should be something as follows:

OS Output

Apache Maven 2.2.1 (r801777; 2009-08-07 00:46:01+0530)
Windows Java version: 1.6.0_21
Java home: C:Program FilesJavajdk1.6.0_21jre

Apache Maven 2.2.1 (r801777; 2009-08-07 00:46:01+0530)
Linux Java version: 1.6.0_21

Apache Maven 2.2.1 (r801777; 2009-08-07 00:46:01+0530)
Mac Java version: 1.6.0_21

Step 9: Setup Apache Tomcat:
You can download the latest version of Tomcat from http://tomcat.apache.org/. Once you downloaded the
installation, unpack the binary distribution into a convenient location. For example in C:apache-tomcat-6.0.33 on
windows, or /usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.33 on Linux/Unix and set CATALINA_HOME environment variable
pointing to the installation locations.

Tomcat can be started by executing the following commands on windows machine, or you can simply double click
on startup.bat

%CATALINA_HOME%binstartup.bat

or

C:apache-tomcat-6.0.33binstartup.bat

Tomcat can be started by executing the following commands on Unix (Solaris, Linux, etc.) machine:

$CATALINA_HOME/bin/startup.sh

or

/usr/local/apache-tomcat-6.0.33/bin/startup.sh

After a successful startup, the default web applications included with Tomcat will be available by
visiting http://localhost:8080/. If everything is fine then it should display following result:

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Further information about configuring and running Tomcat can be found in the documentation included here, as well
as on the Tomcat web site: http://tomcat.apache.org

Tomcat can be stopped by executing the following commands on windows machine:

%CATALINA_HOME%binshutdown

or

C:apache-tomcat-5.5.29binshutdown

Tomcat can be stopped by executing the following commands on Unix (Solaris, Linux, etc.) machine:

$CATALINA_HOME/bin/shutdown.sh

or

/usr/local/apache-tomcat-5.5.29/bin/shutdown.sh

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3
CHAPTER

JSF - Architecture

J SF technology is a framework for developing, building server side User Interface Components and using them

in a web application. JSF technology is based on the Model View Controller (MVC) architecture for separating logic
from presentation.

What is MVC Design Pattern?
MVC design pattern designs an application using three separate modules:

Module Description

Model Carries Data and login

View Shows User Interface

Controller Handles processing of an application.

Purpose of MVC design pattern is to separate model and presentation to enable developers to set focus on their
core skills and collaborate more clearly.

Web Designers have to concentrate only on view layer rather than model and controller layer. Developers can
change the code for model and typically need not to change view layer. Controllers are used to process user
actions. In this process layer model and views may be changed.

JSF Architecture
A JSF application is similar to any other Java technology-based web application; it runs in a Java servlet container,
and contains

 JavaBeans components as models containing application-specific functionality and data

 A custom tag library for representing event handlers and validators

 A custom tag library for rendering UI components

 UI components represented as stateful objects on the server

 Server-side helper classes

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 Validators, event handlers, and navigation handlers

 Application configuration resource file for configuring application resources

There are controllers which can be used to perform user actions. UI can be created by web page authors and the
business logic can be utilized by managed beans.

JSF provides several mechanisms for rendering an individual component. It is up to the web page designer to pick
the desired representation, and the application developer doesn't need to know which mechanism was used to
render a JSF UI component.

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4
CHAPTER

JSF – Life Cycle

J SF application lifecycle consist of six phases which are as follows

 Restore view phase

 Apply request values phase; process events

 Process validations phase; process events

 Update model values phase; process events

 Invoke application phase; process events

 Render response phase

The six phases show the order in which JSF processes a form. The list shows the phases in their likely order of
execution with event processing at each phase.

Phase 1: Restore view
JSF begins the restore view phase as soon as a link or a button is clicked and JSF receives a request.

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During this phase, the JSF builds the view, wires event handlers and validators to UI components and saves the
view in the FacesContext instance. The FacesContext instance will now contains all the information required to
process a request.

Phase 2: Apply request values
After the component tree is created/restored, each component in component tree uses decode method to extract its
new value from the request parameters. Component stores this value. If the conversion fails, an error message is
generated and queued on FacesContext. This message will be displayed during the render response phase, along
with any validation errors.

If any decode methods / event listeners called renderResponse on the current FacesContext instance, the JSF
moves to the render response phase.

Phase 3: Process validation
During this phase, the JSF processes all validators registered on component tree. It examines the component
attribute rules for the validation and compares these rules to the local value stored for the component.

If the local value is invalid, the JSF adds an error message to the FacesContext instance, and the life cycle
advances to the render response phase and display the same page again with the error message.

Phase 4: Update model values
After the JSF checks that the data is valid, it walks over the component tree and set the corresponding server-side
object properties to the components' local values. The JSF will update the bean properties corresponding to input
component's value attribute.

If any updateModels methods called renderResponse on the current FacesContext instance, the JSF moves to the
render response phase.

Phase 5: Invoke application
During this phase, the JSF handles any application-level events, such as submitting a form / linking to another page.

Phase 6: Render response
During this phase, the JSF asks container/application server to render the page if the application is using JSP
pages. For initial request, the components represented on the page will be added to the component tree as the JSP
container executes the page. If this is not an initial request, the component tree is already built so components need
not to be added again. In either case, the components will render themselves as the JSP container/Application
server traverses the tags in the page.

After the content of the view is rendered, the response state is saved so that subsequent requests can access it and
it is available to the restore view phase.

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5
CHAPTER

JSF – First Application

T o create a simple JSF application, we'll use maven-archetype-webapp plugin. In example below, We'll

create a maven based web application project in C:JSF folder.

Create Project
Let's open command console, go the C: > JSF directory and execute the following mvn command.

C:JSF>mvn archetype:create
-DgroupId=com.tutorialspoint.test
-DartifactId=helloworld
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

Maven will start processing and will create the complete java web application project structure.

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project
[INFO] task-segment: [archetype:create] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [archetype:create {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] Defaulting package to group ID: com.tutorialspoint.test
[INFO] artifact org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp:
checking for updates from central
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project
from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:RELEASE
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------

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[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.tutorialspoint.test
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.tutorialspoint.test
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.tutorialspoint.test
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: helloworld
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:JSF
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir:
C:JSFhelloworld
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 7 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Nov 05 16:05:04 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 12M/84M
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------

Now go to C:/JSF directory. You'll see a java web application project created named helloworld (as specified in
artifactId). Maven uses a standard directory layout as shown below:

Using above example, we can understand following key concepts

Folder Structure Description

helloworld contains src folder and pom.xml

src/main/wepapp contains WEB-INF folder and index.jsp page

it contains images/properties files (In above example, we need to create this
src/main/resources
structure manually).

Add JSF capability to Project

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Add the JSF dependencies as shown below.

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.faces</groupId>
<artifactId>jsf-api</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<artifactId>jsf-impl</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

Complete POM.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tutorialspoint.test</groupId>
<artifactId>helloworld</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>helloworld Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>helloworld</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>

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</plugins>
</build>
</project>

Prepare Eclipse project
Let's open command console, go the C: > JSF > helloworld directory and execute the following mvncommand.

C:JSFhelloworld>mvn eclipse:eclipse -Dwtpversion=2.0

Maven will start processing and will create the eclipse ready project and will add wtp capability.

Downloading: http://repo.maven.apache.org/org/apache/maven/plugins/
maven-compiler-plugin/2.3.1/maven-compiler-plugin-2.3.1.pom
5K downloaded (maven-compiler-plugin-2.3.1.pom)
Downloading: http://repo.maven.apache.org/org/apache/maven/plugins/
maven-compiler-plugin/2.3.1/maven-compiler-plugin-2.3.1.jar
29K downloaded (maven-compiler-plugin-2.3.1.jar)
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'eclipse'.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building helloworld Maven Webapp
[INFO] task-segment: [eclipse:eclipse]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Preparing eclipse:eclipse
[INFO] No goals needed for project - skipping
[INFO] [eclipse:eclipse {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] Adding support for WTP version 2.0.
[INFO] Using Eclipse Workspace: null
[INFO] Adding default classpath container: org.eclipse.jdt.
launching.JRE_CONTAINER
Downloading: http://repo.maven.apache.org/
com/sun/faces/jsf-api/2.1.7/jsf-api-2.1.7.pom
12K downloaded (jsf-api-2.1.7.pom)
com/sun/faces/jsf-impl/2.1.7/jsf-impl-2.1.7.pom
10K downloaded (jsf-impl-2.1.7.pom)
com/sun/faces/jsf-api/2.1.7/jsf-api-2.1.7.jar

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619K downloaded (jsf-api-2.1.7.jar)
com/sun/faces/jsf-impl/2.1.7/jsf-impl-2.1.7.jar
1916K downloaded (jsf-impl-2.1.7.jar)
[INFO] Wrote settings to C:JSFhelloworld.settings
org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
[INFO] Wrote Eclipse project for "helloworld" to C:JSFhelloworld.
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6 minutes 7 seconds
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------

Import project in Eclipse
 Now import project in eclipse using Import wizard

 Go to File > Import... > Existing project into workspace

 Select root directory to helloworld

 Keep Copy projects into workspace to be checked.

 Click Finish button.

 Eclipse will import and copy the project in its workspace C: > Projects > Data > WorkSpace

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Create a Managed Bean
Create a package structure under src > main > java as com > tutorialspoint > test . Create HelloWorld.java class
in this package. Update the code of HelloWorld.java as shown below.

package com.tutorialspoint.test;

import javax.faces.bean.ManagedBean;

@ManagedBean(name = "helloWorld", eager = true)
public class HelloWorld {
public HelloWorld() {
System.out.println("HelloWorld started!");
}
public String getMessage() {
return "Hello World!";
}
}

Create a JSF page
Create a page home.xhtml under webapp folder. Update the code of home.xhtml as shown below.

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>JSF Tutorial!</title>
</head>
<body>
#{helloWorld.message}
</body>
</html>

Build the project
 Select helloworld project in eclipse

 Use Run As wizard

 Select Run As > Maven package

 Maven will start building the project and will create helloworld.war under C: > Projects > Data > WorkSpace
> helloworld > target folder

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building helloworld Maven Webapp
[INFO]

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[INFO] Id: com.tutorialspoint.test:helloworld:war:1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] task-segment: [package]
[INFO] -----------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [resources:resources]
[INFO] Using default encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] [compiler:compile]
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] [resources:testResources]
[INFO] Using default encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile]
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] [surefire:test]
[INFO] Surefire report directory:
C:ProjectsDataWorkSpacehelloworldtargetsurefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
There are no tests to run.

Results :

Tests run: 0, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] [war:war]
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp[helloworld] in
[C:ProjectsDataWorkSpacehelloworldtargethelloworld]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Webapp assembled in[150 msecs]
[INFO] Building war:
C:ProjectsDataWorkSpacehelloworldtargethelloworld.war
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------

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[INFO] Total time: 3 seconds
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------

Deploy WAR file
 Stop the tomcat server.

 Copy the helloworld.war file to tomcat installation directory > webapps folder.

 Start the tomcat server.

 Look inside webapps directory, there should be a folder helloworld got created.

 Now helloworld.war is successfully deployed in Tomcat Webserver root.

Run Application
Enter a url in web browser: http://localhost:8080/helloworld/home.jsf to launch the application

Server name (localhost) and port (8080) may vary as per your tomcat configuration.

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6
CHAPTER

JSF – Managed Beans

M anaged Bean is a regular Java Bean class registered with JSF. In other words, Managed Beans is a

java bean managed by JSF framework.

 The managed bean contains the getter and setter methods, business logic or even a backing bean (a bean
contains all the HTML form value).

 Managed beans works as Model for UI component.

 Managed Bean can be accessed from JSF page.

 In JSF 1.2,a managed bean had to register it in JSF configuration file such as faces-config.xml.

 From JSF 2.0 onwards, Managed beans can be easily registered using annotations. This approach keeps
beans and there registration at one place and it becomes easier to manage.

Using XML Configuration
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>helloWorld</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>com.tutorialspoint.test.HelloWorld</managed-bean-class>
<managed-bean-scope>request</managed-bean-scope>
</managed-bean>
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>message</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>com.tutorialspoint.test.Message</managed-bean-class>
</managed-bean>

Using Annotation
@RequestScoped

@ManagedProperty(value="#{message}")
private Message message;
...

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}

@ManagedBean Annotation
@ManagedBean marks a bean to be a managed bean with the name specified in name attribute. If the name
attribute is not specified, then the managed bean name will default to class name portion of the fully qualified class
name. In our case it would be helloWorld.

Another important attribute is eager. If eager="true" then managed bean is created before it is requested for the first
time otherwise "lazy" initialization is used in which bean will be created only when it is requested.

Scope Annotations
Scope annotations set the scope into which the managed bean will be placed. If scope is not specified then bean
will default to request scope. Each scope is briefly discussed below

Scope Description

Bean lives as long as the HTTP request-response lives. It get created upon a HTTP
@RequestScoped request and get destroyed when the HTTP response associated with the HTTP request
is finished.

Bean lives as long as a single EL evaluation. It get created upon an EL evaluation and
@NoneScoped
get destroyed immediately after the EL evaluation.

Bean lives as long as user is interacting with the same JSF view in the browser
@ViewScoped window/tab. It get created upon a HTTP request and get destroyed once user postback
to a different view.

Bean lives as long as the HTTP session lives. It get created upon the first HTTP
@SessionScoped request involving this bean in the session and get destroyed when the HTTP session is
invalidated.

Bean lives as long as the web application lives. It get created upon the first HTTP
request involving this bean in the application (or when the web application starts up
@ApplicationScoped
and the eager=true attribute is set in @ManagedBean) and get destroyed when the
web application shuts down.

Bean lives as long as the bean's entry in the custom Map which is created for this
@CustomScoped
scope lives.

@ManagedProperty Annotation
JSF is a simple static Dependency Injection(DI) framework.Using @ManagedProperty annotation a managed
bean's property can be injected in another managed bean.

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test the above annotations for managed beans.

Step Description

TUTORIALS POINT

Create a project with a name helloworld under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained in the JSF -
1
Create Application chapter.

2 Modify HelloWorld.java as explained below. Keep rest of the files unchanged.

3 Create Message.java under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.

4 Compile and run the application to make sure business logic is working as per the requirements.

5 Finally, build the application in the form of war file and deploy it in Apache Tomcat Webserver.

6 Launch your web application using appropriate URL as explained below in the last step.

HelloWorld.java

import javax.faces.bean.ManagedProperty;
import javax.faces.bean.RequestScoped;

@RequestScoped

@ManagedProperty(value="#{message}")
private Message messageBean;

private String message;

public HelloWorld() {
System.out.println("HelloWorld started!");
}
if(messageBean != null){
message = messageBean.getMessage();
}
return message;
}
public void setMessageBean(Message message) {
this.messageBean = message;
}
}

Message.java


@ManagedBean(name = "message", eager = true)
@RequestScoped
public class Message {

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private String message = "Hello World!";

return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}

home.xhtml
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
</head>
<body>
#{helloWorld.message}
</body>
</html>

Once you are ready with all the changes done, let us compile and run the application as we did in JSF - Create
Application chapter. If everything is fine with your application, this will produce following result:

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7
CHAPTER

JSF – Page Navigation

N avigation rules are those rules provided by JSF Framework which describe which view is to be shown

when a button or link is clicked.

 Navigation rules can be defined in JSF configuration file named faces-config.xml.

 Navigation rules can be defined in managed beans.

 Navigation rules can contain conditions based on which resulted view can be shown.

 JSF 2.0 provides implicit navigation as well in which there is no need to define navigation rules as such.

Implicit Navigation
JSF 2.0 provides auto view page resolver mechanism named implicit navigation. In this case you only need to
put view name in action attribute and JSF will search the correct view page automatically in the deployed
application.

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Auto navigation in JSF page
Set view name in action attribute of any JSF UI Component.

<h:form>
<h3>Using JSF outcome</h3>
<h:commandButton action="page2" value="Page2" />
</h:form>

Here when Page2 button is clicked, JSF will resolve the view name, page2 as page2.xhtml extension, and find the
corresponding view file page2.xhtml in the current directory.

Auto navigation in Managed Bean
Define a method in managed bean to return a view name.

ManagedBean(name = "navigationController", eager = true)
@RequestScoped
public class NavigationController implements Serializable {
public String moveToPage1(){
return "page1";
}
}

Get view name in action attribute of any JSF UI Component using managed bean.

<h:form>
<h3>Using Managed Bean</h3>
<h:commandButton action="#{navigationController.moveToPage1}"
value="Page1" />
</h:form>

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Here when Page1 button is clicked, JSF will resolve the view name, page1 as page1.xhtml extension, and find the
corresponding view file page1.xhtml in the current directory.

Conditional Navigation
Using managed bean we can very easily control the navigation. Look at following code in a managed bean.

ManagedBean(name = "navigationController", eager = true)
@RequestScoped

//this managed property will read value from request parameter pageId
@ManagedProperty(value="#{param.pageId}")
private String pageId;

//condional navigation based on pageId
//if pageId is 1 show page1.xhtml,

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//if pageId is 2 show page2.xhtml
//else show home.xhtml
public String showPage(){
if(pageId == null){
return "home";
}
if(pageId.equals("1")){
return "page1";
}else if(pageId.equals("2")){
return "page2";
}else{
return "home";
}
}
}

Pass pageId as a request parameter in JSF UI Component.

<h:form>
<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.showPage}" value="Page1">
<f:param name="pageId" value="1" />
</h:commandLink>
<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.showPage}" value="Page2">
</h:commandLink>
<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.showPage}" value="Home">
</h:commandLink>
</h:form>

Here when "Page1" button is clicked

 JSF will create a request with parameter pageId=1

 Then JSF will pass this parameter to managed property pageId of navigationController

 Now navigationController.showPage() is called which will return view as page1 after checking the pageId

 JSF will resolve the view name, page1 as page1.xhtml extension

 and find the corresponding view file page1.xhtml in the current directory

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Resolving Navigation based on from-action
JSF provides navigation resolution option even if managed bean different methods returns same view name.

Look at following code in a managed bean.

public String processPage1(){
return "page";
}
return "page";
}

To resolve views, define following navigation rule in faces-config.xml

<navigation-rule>
<from-view-id>home.xhtml</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>

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<from-action>#{navigationController.processPage1}</from-action>
<from-outcome>page</from-outcome>
<to-view-id>page1.jsf</to-view-id>
</navigation-case>
<navigation-case>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>

Here when Page1 button is clicked

 navigationController.processPage1() is called which will return view as page

 JSF will resolve the view name, page1 as view name is page and from-action in faces-
config isnavigationController.processPage1

 and find the corresponding view file page1.xhtml in the current directory

Forward vs Redirect
JSF by default performs a server page forward while navigating to another page and the URL of the application do
not changes.

To enable the page redirection, append faces-redirect=true at the end of the view name.

TUTORIALS POINT

<h:form>
<h3>Forward</h3>
<h3>Redirect</h3>
<h:commandButton action="page1?faces-redirect=true" value="Page1" />
</h:form>

Here when Page1 button under Forward is clicked

Here when Page1 button under Redirect is clicked

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Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test all of the above navigation examples.

Step Description

Create a project with a name helloworld under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained in the JSF -
1
Create Application chapter.

2 Create NavigationController.java under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.

3 Create faces-config.xml under a WEB-INF folder and updated its contents as explained below.

4 Update web.xml under a WEB-INF folder as explained below.

5 Create page1.xhtml and page2.xhtml and modify home.xhtml under a webapp folder as explained below.




NavigationController.java

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.faces.bean.ManagedProperty;

@ManagedBean(name = "navigationController", eager = true)
@RequestScoped

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

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@ManagedProperty(value="#{param.pageId}")
private String pageId;

return "page1";
}

return "page2";
}

public String moveToHomePage(){
return "home";
}

return "page";
}

return "page";
}

public String showPage(){
if(pageId == null){
return "home";
}
if(pageId.equals("1")){
return "page1";
}else if(pageId.equals("2")){
return "page2";
}else{
return "home";
}
}

public String getPageId() {
return pageId;
}

public void setPageId(String pageId) {
this.pageId = pageId;
}
}

faces-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<faces-config
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-facesconfig_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<navigation-rule>

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<from-view-id>home.xhtml</from-view-id>
<navigation-case>
</navigation-case>
<navigation-case>
</navigation-case>
</navigation-rule>
</faces-config>

web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.CONFIG_FILES</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/faces-config.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

page1.xhtml
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html">
<h:body>
<h2>This is Page1</h2>
<h:form>
<h:commandButton action="home?faces-redirect=true"
value="Back To Home Page" />
</h:form>
</h:body>

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</html>

page2.xhtml
<h:body>
<h2>This is Page2</h2>
<h:form>
<h:commandButton action="home?faces-redirect=true"
value="Back To Home Page" />
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>

home.xhtml
xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core"

<h:body>
<h2>Implicit Navigation</h2>
<hr />
<h:form>
<h3>Using Managed Bean</h3>
<h:commandButton action="#{navigationController.moveToPage1}"
value="Page1" />
<h3>Using JSF outcome</h3>
</h:form>
<br/>
<h2>Conditional Navigation</h2>
<hr />
<h:form>
<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.showPage}"
value="Page1">
</h:commandLink>

value="Page2">
</h:commandLink>

value="Home">
</h:commandLink>
</h:form>

TUTORIALS POINT

<br/>
<h2>"From Action" Navigation</h2>
<hr />
<h:form>
<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.processPage1}"
value="Page1" />

<h:commandLink action="#{navigationController.processPage2}"
value="Page2" />

</h:form>
<br/>
<h2>Forward vs Redirection Navigation</h2>
<hr />
<h:form>
<h3>Forward</h3>
<h3>Redirect</h3>
<h:commandButton action="page1?faces-redirect=true"
value="Page1" />
</h:form>
</h:body>

</html>

Once you are ready with all the changes done, let us compile and run the application as we did in JSF - Create

TUTORIALS POINT

TUTORIALS POINT

8
CHAPTER

JSF – Basic Tags

J SF provides a standard HTML tag library. These tags get rendered into corresponding html output.

For these tags you need to use the following namespaces of URI in html node.

<html
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
>

Following are important Basic Tags in JSF 2.0:

S.N. Tag & Description

h:inputText
1
Renders a HTML input of type="text", text box.

h:inputSecret
2
Renders a HTML input of type="password", text box.

h:inputTextarea
3
Renders a HTML textarea field.

h:inputHidden
4
Renders a HTML input of type="hidden".

h:selectBooleanCheckbox
5
Renders a single HTML check box.

h:selectManyCheckbox
6
Renders a group of HTML check boxes.

h:selectOneRadio
7
Renders a single HTML radio button.

h:selectOneListbox
8
Renders a HTML single list box.

h:selectManyListbox
9
Renders a HTML multiple list box.

h:selectOneMenu
10
Renders a HTML combo box.

TUTORIALS POINT

h:outputText
11
Renders a HTML text.

h:outputFormat
12
Renders a HTML text. It accepts parameters.

h:graphicImage
13
Renders an image.

h:outputStylesheet
14
Includes a CSS style sheet in HTML output.

h:outputScript
15
Includes a script in HTML output.

h:commandButton
16
Renders a HTML input of type="submit" button.

h:Link
17
Renders a HTML anchor.

h:commandLink
18

h:outputLink
19

h:panelGrid
20
Renders an HTML Table in form of grid.

h:message
21
Renders message for a JSF UI Component.

h:messages
22
Renders all message for JSF UI Components.

f:param
23
Pass parameters to JSF UI Component.

f:attribute
24
Pass attribute to a JSF UI Component.

f:setPropertyActionListener
25
Sets value of a managed bean's property

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

9
JSF – Facelets Tags

J SF provides special tags to create common layout for a web application called facelets tags. These tags gives

flexibility to manage common parts of a multiple pages at one place.


<html
xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets"
>

Following are important Facelets Tags in JSF 2.0:


Templates
We'll demonstrate how to use templates using following tags

 <ui:insert>

1  <ui:define>

 <ui:include>

 <ui:define>

Parameters
We'll demonstrate how to pass parameters to a template file using following tag
2
 <ui:param>

Custom
3
We'll demonstrate how to create custom tags.

Remove
4
We'll demonstrate capability to remove JSF code from generated HTML page.

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

11
JSF – Convertor Tags

J SF provides inbuilt convertors to convert its UI component's data to object used in a managed bean and vice

versa. For example, these tags can convert a text into date object and can validate the format of input as well.


<html
>

Following are important Convertor Tags in JSF 2.0:


f:convertNumber
1
Converts a String into a Number of desired format

f:convertDateTime
2
Converts a String into a Date of desired format

Custom Convertor
3
Creating a custom convertor

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CHAPTER

11
JSF – Validator Tags

J SF provides inbuilt validators to validate its UI components. These tags can validates length of field, type of

input which can be a custom object.


<html
>

Following are important Validator Tags in JSF 2.0:


f:validateLength
1
Validates length of a string

f:validateLongRange
2
Validates range of numeric value

f:validateDoubleRange
3
Validates range of float value

f:validateRegex
4
Validate JSF component with a given regular expression.

Custom Validator
5
Creating a custom validator

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

12
JSF – Data Table

J SF provides a rich control named DataTable to render and format html tables.

 DataTable can iterate over collection or array of values to display data.

 DataTable provides attributes to modify its data in easy way.

HTML Header
<html
</html>

Following are important DataTable operations in JSF 2.0:

Display DataTable
1
How to display a datatable
Add data
2
How to add a new row in a datatable
Edit data
3
How to edit a row in a datatable
Delete data
4
How to delete a row in datatable
Using DataModel
5
Use DataModel to display row numbers in a datatable

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CHAPTER

13
JSF – Composite Components

J SF provides developer a powerful capability to define own custom components which can be used to render

custom contents.

Define Custom Component
Defining a custom component in JSF is a two step process

Step No. Description

Create a resources folder.
1a
Create a xhtml file in resources folder with a composite namespace.

Use composite tags composite:interface, composite:attribute andcomposite:implementation, to define
content of the composite component.
1b
Use cc.attrs in composite:implementation to get variable defined
using composite:attributein composite:interface.

Step 1a: Create custom component :
loginComponent.xhtml
Create a folder tutorialspoint in resources folder and create a file loginComponent.xhtml in it

Use composite namespace in html header.

xmlns:composite="http://java.sun.com/jsf/composite"
>
...
</html>

Step 1b: Use composite tags : loginComponent.xhtml
Following table describes use of composite tags.

TUTORIALS POINT

S.N. tag & Description

composite:interface
1
Declare configurable values to be used in composite:implementation

composite:attribute
2
Configuration values are declared using this tag

composite:implementation
3 Declares JSF component. Can access the configurable values defined in composite:interface
using #{cc.attrs.attribute-name} expression.

<composite:interface>
<composite:attribute name="usernameLabel" />
<composite:attribute name="usernameValue" />
</composite:interface>
<composite:implementation>
<h:form>
#{cc.attrs.usernameLabel} :
<h:inputText id="username" value="#{cc.attrs.usernameValue}" />
</h:form>

Use Custom Component
Using a custom component in JSF is a simple process

Step No. Description

Create a xhtml file and use custom component's namespace.
2a Namespace will the http://java.sun.com/jsf/<folder-name> where folder-name is folder in
resources directory containing the custom compoent

2b Use the custom component as normal JSF tags

Step 2a: Use Custom Namespace: home.xhtml
xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets">
xmlns:tp="http://java.sun.com/jsf/composite/tutorialspoint">

Step 2b: Use Custom Tag: home.xhtml and pass values
<h:form>
<tp:loginComponent
usernameLabel="Enter User Name: "
usernameValue="#{userData.name}" />
</h:form>

Example Application

TUTORIALS POINT

Let us create a test JSF application to test the custom component in JSF.

Step Description

Create a project with a name helloworld under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained in
1
the JSF - First Application chapter.

2 Create resources folder under src > main folder.

3 Create tutorialspoint folder under src > main > resources folder.

4 Create loginComponent.xhtml file under src > main > resources > tutorialspoint folder.

5 Modify UserData.java file as explained below.

6 Modify home.xhtml as explained below. Keep rest of the files unchanged.




loginComponent.xhtml
xmlns:composite="http://java.sun.com/jsf/composite">
<composite:interface>
<composite:attribute name="usernameLabel" />
<composite:attribute name="usernameValue" />
<composite:attribute name="passwordLabel" />
<composite:attribute name="passwordValue" />
<composite:attribute name="loginButtonLabel" />
<composite:attribute name="loginButtonAction"
method-signature="java.lang.String login()" />
</composite:interface>
<composite:implementation>
<h:form>
<h:message for="loginPanel" style="color:red;" />
<h:panelGrid columns="2" id="loginPanel">
#{cc.attrs.usernameLabel} :
<h:inputText id="username" value="#{cc.attrs.usernameValue}" />
#{cc.attrs.passwordLabel} :
<h:inputSecret id="password" value="#{cc.attrs.passwordValue}" />
</h:panelGrid>
<h:commandButton action="#{cc.attrs.loginButtonAction}"
value="#{cc.attrs.loginButtonLabel}"/>
</h:form>
</composite:implementation>
</html>

UserData.java

TUTORIALS POINT



import javax.faces.bean.SessionScoped;

@ManagedBean(name = "userData", eager = true)
@SessionScoped
public class UserData implements Serializable {


private String name;
private String password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String login(){
return "result";
}
}

home.xhtml
<h:head>
<title>JSF tutorial</title>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>Custom Component Example</h2>
<h:form>
<tp:loginComponent
usernameLabel="Enter User Name: "
usernameValue="#{userData.name}"
passwordLabel="Enter Password: "
passwordValue="#{userData.password}"
loginButtonLabel="Login"
loginButtonAction="#{userData.login}" />
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>

TUTORIALS POINT

Once you are ready with all the changes done, let us compile and run the application as we did in JSF - First

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

14
JSF – Ajax
Ajax: A Brief Introduction
 AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScrict And Xml.

 Ajax is a technique to use HTTPXMLObject of JavaScript to send data to server and receive data from server
asynchronously.

 So using Ajax technique, javascript code exchanges data with server, updates parts of web page without
reloading the whole page.

 JSF provides execellent support for making ajax call. It provides f:ajax tag to handle ajax calls.

JSF Tag
<f:ajax execute="input-component-name" render="output-component-name" />

Tag Attributes
S.N. Attribute & Description

disabled
1 If true, the Ajax behavior will be applied to any parent or child components. If false, the Ajax behavior
will be disabled.

event
2
The event that will invoke Ajax requests, for example "click", "change", "blur", "keypress", etc.

execute
3
A space-separated List of IDs for components that should be included in the Ajax request.

immediate
4 If "true" behavior events generated from this behavior are broadcast during Apply Request Values
phase. Otherwise, the events will be broadcast during Invoke Applications phase

listener
5
An EL expression for a method in a backing bean to be called during the Ajax request.

onerror
6 The name of a JavaScript callback function that will be invoked if there is an error during the Ajax
request

7 onevent

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The name of a JavaScript callback function that will be invoked to handle UI events.

render
8
A space-separated list of IDs for components that will be updated after an Ajax request.

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test the custom component in JSF.

Step Description

Create a project with a name helloworld under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as
1
explained in the JSF - First Application chapter.



Compile and run the application to make sure business logic is working as per the
4
requirements.

Finally, build the application in the form of war file and deploy it in Apache Tomcat
5
Webserver.


UserData.java



@SessionScoped


private String name;
return name;
}
this.name = name;
}

public String getWelcomeMessage(){
return "Hello " + name;
}
}

TUTORIALS POINT

home.xhtml
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>Ajax Example</h2>
<h:form>
<h:inputText id="inputName" value="#{userData.name}"></h:inputText>
<h:commandButton value="Show Message">
<f:ajax execute="inputName" render="outputMessage" />
</h:commandButton>
<h2><h:outputText id="outputMessage"
value="#{userData.welcomeMessage !=null ?
userData.welcomeMessage : ''}"
/></h2>
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>


Enter name and press Show Message button. You will see the following result without page refresh/form submit.

TUTORIALS POINT

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

15
JSF – Event Handling

W hen a user clicks a JSF button or link or changes any value in text field, JSF UI component fires event

which will be handled by the the application code.

 To handle such JSF event, event handler are to be registered in the application code or managed bean.

 When a UI component checks that a user event has happened, it creates an instance of the corresponding
event class and adds it to an event list.

 Then, Component fires the event, i.e., checks the list of listeners for that event and call the event notification
method on each listener or handler.

 JSF also provide system level event handlers which can be used to do some tasks when application starts or
is stopping.

Following are important Event Handler in JSF 2.0:

S.N. Event Handlers & Description

valueChangeListener
1
Value change events get fired when user make changes in input components.

actionListener
2
Action events get fired when user clicks on a button or link component.

Application Events
3 Events firing during JSF lifecycle: PostConstructApplicationEvent, PreDestroyApplicationEvent ,
PreRenderViewEvent.

(1) valueChangeListener
When user interacts with input components, such as h:inputText or h:selectOneMenu, the JSF fires a
valueChangeEvent which can be handled in two ways.

Technique Description

Pass the name of the managed bean method
Method Binding
in valueChangeListenerattribute of UI Component.

TUTORIALS POINT

Implement ValueChangeListener interface and pass the implementation
ValueChangeListener
class name to valueChangeListener attribute of UI Component.

Method Binding
Define a method

public void localeChanged(ValueChangeEvent e){
//assign new value to country
selectedCountry = e.getNewValue().toString();
}

Use above method

<h:selectOneMenu value="#{userData.selectedCountry}" onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{userData.localeChanged}" >
<f:selectItems value="#{userData.countries}" />
</h:selectOneMenu>

ValueChangeListener
Implement ValueChangeListener

public class LocaleChangeListener implements ValueChangeListener {
@Override
public void processValueChange(ValueChangeEvent event)
throws AbortProcessingException {
//access country bean directly
UserData userData = (UserData) FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().
getExternalContext().getSessionMap().get("userData");
userData.setSelectedCountry(event.getNewValue().toString());
}
}

Use listener method

<h:selectOneMenu value="#{userData.selectedCountry}" onchange="submit()">
<f:valueChangeListener type="com.tutorialspoint.test.LocaleChangeListener"
/>
</h:selectOneMenu>

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test the valueChangeListener in JSF.

Step Description

1 Create a project with a name helloworld under a package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained in

TUTORIALS POINT



Create LocaleChangeListener.java file under a package com.tutorialspoint.test.Modify it as explained
3
below





UserData.java

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.faces.event.ValueChangeEvent;

@SessionScoped


private static Map<String,String> countryMap;

private String selectedCountry = "United Kingdom"; //default value

static{
countryMap = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();
countryMap.put("en", "United Kingdom"); //locale, country name
countryMap.put("fr", "French");
countryMap.put("de", "German");
}

//assign new value to country
selectedCountry = e.getNewValue().toString();
}

public Map<String, String> getCountries() {
return countryMap;
}

public String getSelectedCountry() {
return selectedCountry;
}

public void setSelectedCountry(String selectedCountry) {
this.selectedCountry = selectedCountry;

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}
}

LocaleChangeListener.java

import javax.faces.context.FacesContext;
import javax.faces.event.AbortProcessingException;
import javax.faces.event.ValueChangeListener;

public class LocaleChangeListener implements ValueChangeListener {
@Override
public void processValueChange(ValueChangeEvent event)
//access country bean directly

userData.setSelectedCountry(event.getNewValue().toString());
}
}

home.xhtml
xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core">
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>valueChangeListener Examples</h2>
<h:form>
<h2>Method Binding</h2>
<hr/>
<h:panelGrid columns="2">
Selected locale :
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{userData.selectedCountry}"
onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{userData.localeChanged}" >
</h:selectOneMenu>
Country Name:
<h:outputText id="country" value="#{userData.selectedCountry}"
size="20" />
</h:panelGrid>
</h:form>
</h:body>

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</html>


Select locale. You will see the following result.

Modify home.xhtml again in deployed directory where you've deployed the application as explained below. Keep
rest of the files unchanged.

home.xhtml

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<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>valueChangeListener Examples</h2>
<h:form>
<h2>ValueChangeListener interface</h2>
<hr/>
Selected locale :
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{userData.selectedCountry}"
onchange="submit()">
<f:valueChangeListener
type="com.tutorialspoint.test.LocaleChangeListener" />
</h:selectOneMenu>
Country Name:
<h:outputText id="country1" value="#{userData.selectedCountry}"
size="20" />
</h:panelGrid>
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>

Once you are ready with all the changes done, refresh the page in browser. If everything is fine with your
application, this will produce following result:

Select locale. You will see the following result.

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(2) actionListener
When user interacts with components, such as h:commandButton or h:link, the JSF fires a action events which can
be handled in two ways.


Pass the name of the managed bean method in actionListener attribute
Method Binding
of UI Component.

Implement ActionListener interface and pass the implementation class
ActionListener
name to actionListener attribute of UI Component.

Method Binding
Define a method

public void updateData(ActionEvent e){
data="Hello World";
}

Use above method

<h:commandButton id="submitButton"
value="Submit" action="#{userData.showResult}"
actionListener="#{userData.updateData}" />
</h:commandButton>

ActionListener

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Implement ActionListener

public class UserActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void processAction(ActionEvent arg0)
//access userData bean directly
userData.setData("Hello World");
}
}

Use listener method

<h:commandButton id="submitButton1"
value="Submit" action="#{userData.showResult}" >
<f:actionListener type="com.tutorialspoint.test.UserActionListener" />
</h:commandButton>

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test the actionListener in JSF.

Step Description

1


Create UserActionListener.java file under a package com.tutorialspoint.test.Modify it as explained
3
below


5 Modify result.xhtml as explained below. Keep rest of the files unchanged.




UserData.java



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@SessionScoped


private static Map<String,String> countryMap;
private String data = "sample data";

public String showResult(){
return "result";
}

public void updateData(ActionEvent e){
data="Hello World";
}

public String getData() {
return data;
}

public void setData(String data) {
this.data = data;
}
}

UserActionListener.java

import javax.faces.event.ActionEvent;
import javax.faces.event.ActionListener;

public class UserActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void processAction(ActionEvent arg0)
//access userData bean directly
userData.setData("Hello World");
}
}

home.xhtml

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<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>actionListener Examples</h2>
<h:form>
<h2>Method Binding</h2>
<hr/>
<h:commandButton id="submitButton"
value="Submit" action="#{userData.showResult}"
actionListener="#{userData.updateData}" />
</h:commandButton>
<h2>ActionListener interface</h2>
<hr/>
<h:commandButton id="submitButton1"
value="Submit" action="#{userData.showResult}" >
<f:actionListener
type="com.tutorialspoint.test.UserActionListener" />
</h:commandButton>
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>

result.xhtml
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>Result</h2>
<hr />
#{userData.data}
</h:body>
</html>


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Click on any submit button. You will see the following result.

(3) Application Events

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JSF provides system event listeners to do application specific tasks during JSF application Life Cycle.

System Event Description

Fires when application starts.Can be used to perform initialization tasks after
PostConstructApplicationEvent
application has started.

Fires when application is about to shut down.Can be used to perform a
PreDestroyApplicationEvent
cleanup tasks before application is about to be shut down.

Fires before a JSF page is to be displayed. Can be used to authenticate user
PreRenderViewEvent
and provide restricted access to JSF View.

System Events which can be handled in following manner.


Implement SystemEventListener interface and register the system-event-
SystemEventListener
listener class in faces-config.xml

Method Binding Pass the name of the managed bean method in listener attribute of f:event.

SystemEventListener
Implement SystemEventListener Interface

public class CustomSystemEventListener implements SystemEventListener {
@Override
public void processEvent(SystemEvent event) throws
AbortProcessingException {
if(event instanceof PostConstructApplicationEvent){
System.out.println("Application Started.
PostConstructApplicationEvent occurred!");
}
}
}

Register custom system event listener for system event in faces-config.xml

<system-event-listener>
<system-event-listener-class>
com.tutorialspoint.test.CustomSystemEventListener
</system-event-listener-class>
<system-event-class>
javax.faces.event.PostConstructApplicationEvent
</system-event-class>
</system-event-listener>

Method Binding
Define a method

public void handleEvent(ComponentSystemEvent event){

TUTORIALS POINT

data="Hello World";
}

Use above method

<f:event listener="#{user.handleEvent}" type="preRenderView" />

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test the system events in JSF.

Step Description

1


Create CustomSystemEventListener.java file under a
3
package com.tutorialspoint.test.Modify it as explained below

4 Modify home.xhtml as explained below.

Create faces-config.xml in WEB-INF folder.Modify it as explained below. Keep rest of the
5
files unchanged.

6
requirements.

7
Webserver.


UserData.java


import javax.faces.event.ComponentSystemEvent;

@SessionScoped


private String data = "sample data";

public void handleEvent(ComponentSystemEvent event){
data="Hello World";
}

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public String getData() {
return data;
}

public void setData(String data) {
this.data = data;
}
}

CustomSystemEventListener.java
import javax.faces.application.Application;
import javax.faces.event.PostConstructApplicationEvent;
import javax.faces.event.PreDestroyApplicationEvent;
import javax.faces.event.SystemEvent;
import javax.faces.event.SystemEventListener;

public class CustomSystemEventListener implements SystemEventListener {

@Override
public boolean isListenerForSource(Object value) {
//only for Application
return (value instanceof Application);
}

@Override
public void processEvent(SystemEvent event)
if(event instanceof PostConstructApplicationEvent){
System.out.println("Application Started.
PostConstructApplicationEvent occurred!");
}
if(event instanceof PreDestroyApplicationEvent){
System.out.println("PreDestroyApplicationEvent occurred.
Application is stopping.");
}
}
}

home.xhtml
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>

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<h2>Application Events Examples</h2>
<f:event listener="#{userData.handleEvent}" type="preRenderView" />
#{userData.data}
</h:body>
</html>

faces-config.xhtml
<faces-config
version="2.0">
<application>

javax.faces.event.PostConstructApplicationEvent

javax.faces.event.PreDestroyApplicationEvent
</application>
</faces-config>


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Look into your web-server console output. You will see the following result.

INFO: Deploying web application archive helloworld.war
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:44 AM com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
INFO: Initializing Mojarra 2.1.7 (SNAPSHOT 20120206) for context '/helloworld'
Application Started. PostConstructApplicationEvent occurred!
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:46 AM com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener
$WebConfigResourceMonitor$Monitor <init>
INFO: Monitoring jndi:/localhost/helloworld/WEB-INF/faces-config.xml
for modifications
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:46 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8080
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:46 AM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
INFO: JK: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:46 AM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/24 config=null
Dec 6, 2012 8:21:46 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 44272 ms

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

16
JSF – JDBC Integration

I n this chapter, we'll demonstrate how to integrate database in JSF using JDBC

Database requirements to run this example

S.N. Software & Description

PostgreSQL 9.1
1
Open Source and light weight database

PostgreSQL JDBC4 Driver
2
JDBC driver for PostgreSQL 9.1 and JDK 1.5 or above

Put PostgreSQL JDBC4 Driver jar in tomcat web server's lib directory

Database SQL Commands
create user user1;

create database testdb with owner=user1;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS authors (
id int PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(25)
);

INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(1, 'Rob Bal');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(2, 'John Carter');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(3, 'Chris London');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(4, 'Truman De Bal');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(5, 'Emile Capote');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(7, 'Breech Jabber');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(8, 'Bob Carter');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(9, 'Nelson Mand');
INSERT INTO authors(id, name) VALUES(10, 'Tennant Mark');

alter user user1 with password 'user1';

grant all on authors to user1;

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Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test jdbc integration.

Step Description

1


3 Create css folder under src > main > resources folder.

4 Create styles.css file under src > main > resources > css folder.

5 Modify styles.css file as explained below.

6 Modify pom.xml as explained below.

7 Create Author.java under package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.

8 Create UserData.java under package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.





styles.css
.authorTable{
border-collapse:collapse;
border-bottom:1px solid #000000;
}

.authorTableHeader{
text-align:center;
background:none repeat scroll 0 0 #B5B5B5;
border-bottom:1px solid #000000;
border-top:1px solid #000000;
padding:2px;
}

.authorTableOddRow{
text-align:center;
background:none repeat scroll 0 0 #FFFFFFF;
}

.authorTableEvenRow{
text-align:center;
background:none repeat scroll 0 0 #D3D3D3;
}

pom.xml

TUTORIALS POINT

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.1-901.jdbc4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-resources</id>
<phase>validate</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>

TUTORIALS POINT

</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/helloworld/resources
</outputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

Author.java

public class Author {
int id;
String name;
return name;
}
this.name = name;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}

UserData.java

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.faces.event.ComponentSystemEvent;

TUTORIALS POINT

@SessionScoped


public List<Author> getAuthors(){
ResultSet rs = null;
PreparedStatement pst = null;
Connection con = getConnection();
String stm = "Select * from authors";
List<Author> records = new ArrayList<Author>();
try {
pst = con.prepareStatement(stm);
pst.execute();
rs = pst.getResultSet();

while(rs.next()){
Author author = new Author();
author.setId(rs.getInt(1));
author.setName(rs.getString(2));
records.add(author);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return records;
}

public Connection getConnection(){
Connection con = null;

String url = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost/testdb";
String user = "user1";
String password = "user1";
try {
con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
System.out.println("Connection completed.");
} catch (SQLException ex) {
System.out.println(ex.getMessage());
}
finally{
}
return con;
}
}

home.xhtml
<h:head>

TUTORIALS POINT

<h:outputStylesheet library="css" name="styles.css" />
</h:head>
<h2>JDBC Integration Example</h2>
<h:dataTable value="#{userData.authors}" var="c"
styleClass="authorTable"
headerClass="authorTableHeader"
rowClasses="authorTableOddRow,authorTableEvenRow">
<h:column><f:facet name="header">Author ID</f:facet>
#{c.id}
</h:column>
<h:column><f:facet name="header">Name</f:facet>
#{c.name}
</h:column>
</h:dataTable>
</h:body>
</html>


TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

17
JSF – Spring Integration

S
manner.
pring provides special class DelegatingVariableResolver to integrate JSF and Spring together in seamless

Following steps are required to integrate Spring Dependency Injection (IOC) feature in JSF

Step 1. Add DelegatingVariableResolver
Add a variable-resolver entry in faces-config.xml to point to spring class DelegatingVariableResolver.

<faces-config>
<application>
<variable-resolver>
org.springframework.web.jsf.DelegatingVariableResolver
</variable-resolver>
...
</faces-config>

Step 2. Add Context Listeners
Add ContextLoaderListener and RequestContextListener listener provided by spring framework in web.xml

<web-app>
...

<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
...
</web-app>

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Step 3. Define Dependency
Define bean(s) in applicationContext.xml which will be used as dependency in managed bean

<beans>
<bean id="messageService"
class="com.tutorialspoint.test.MessageServiceImpl">
<property name="message" value="Hello World!" />
</bean>
</beans>

Step 4. Add Dependency
DelegatingVariableResolver first delegates value lookups to the default resolver of the JSF and then to Spring's
WebApplicationContext. This allows one to easily inject spring based dependencies into one's JSF-managed beans.

We've injected messageService as spring based dependency here

<faces-config>
...
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>userData</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>com.tutorialspoint.test.UserData</managed-bean-class>
<managed-property>
<property-name>messageService</property-name>
<value>#{messageService}</value>
</managed-property>
</managed-bean>
</faces-config>

Step 5. Use Dependency
//jsf managed bean
public class UserData {
//spring managed dependency
private MessageService messageService;

public void setMessageService(MessageService messageService) {
this.messageService = messageService;
}

public String getGreetingMessage(){
return messageService.getGreetingMessage();
}
}

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test spring integration.

TUTORIALS POINT

Step Description

1

2 Modify pom.xml as explained below.

3 Create faces-config.xml in WEB-INF folder as explained below.

4 Modify web.xml as explained below.

5 Create applicationContext.xml in WEB-INF folder as explained below.

6 Create MessageService.java under package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.

Create MessageServiceImpl.java under package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained
7
below.



10
requirements.

11
Webserver.


pom.xml
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>
<dependency>
</dependency>

TUTORIALS POINT

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<configuration>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-resources</id>
<phase>validate</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-resources</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${basedir}/target/helloworld/resources
</outputDirectory>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

faces-config.xml

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<faces-config
version="2.0">
<application>
<variable-resolver>
org.springframework.web.jsf.DelegatingVariableResolver
</variable-resolver>
</application>
<managed-bean>
<managed-bean-name>userData</managed-bean-name>
<managed-bean-class>com.tutorialspoint.test.UserData</managed-bean-class>
<managed-property>
<property-name>messageService</property-name>
<value>#{messageService}</value>
</managed-property>
</managed-bean>
</faces-config>

web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>

<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

applicationContext.xml

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<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="messageService"
class="com.tutorialspoint.test.MessageServiceImpl">
<property name="message" value="Hello World!" />
</bean>
</beans>

MessageService.java

public interface MessageService {
String getGreetingMessage();
}

MessageServiceImpl.java

public class MessageServiceImpl implements MessageService {

private String message;

public String getGreetingMessage() {
return message;
}
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}

UserData.java




private MessageService messageService;

public MessageService getMessageService() {
return messageService;

TUTORIALS POINT

}

public void setMessageService(MessageService messageService) {
this.messageService = messageService;
}

public String getGreetingMessage(){
return messageService.getGreetingMessage();
}
}

home.xhtml
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h2>Spring Integration Example</h2>
#{userData.greetingMessage}
</h:body>
</html>


TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

18
JSF – Expression Language

J SF provides a rich expression language. We can write normal operations using #{operation-expression}

notation. Some of the advantages of JSF Expression languages are following.

 Can reference bean properties where bean can be a object stored in request, session or application scope or
is a managed bean.

 Provides easy access to elements of a collection which can be a list, map or an array.

 Provides easy access to predefined objects such as request.

 Arithmetic, logical, relational operations can be done using expression language.

 Automatic type conversion.

 Shows missing values as empty strings instead of NullPointerException.

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test expression language.

Step Description

1

8 Modify UserData.java under package com.tutorialspoint.test as explained below.





UserData.java

TUTORIALS POINT


import java.util.Date;


@SessionScoped


private Date createTime = new Date();
private String message = "Hello World!";

public Date getCreateTime() {
return(createTime);
}
return(message);
}
}

home.xhtml
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h2>Expression Language Example</h2>
Creation time:
<h:outputText value="#{userData.createTime}"/>
<br/><br/>Message:
<h:outputText value="#{userData.message}"/>
</h:body>
</html>


TUTORIALS POINT

TUTORIALS POINT

CHAPTER

19
JSF - Internationalization

I nternationalization is a technique in which status messages, GUI component labels, currency, date are not

hardcoded in the program instead they are stored outside the source code in resource bundles and retrieved
dynamically. JSF provide a very convenient way to handle resource bundle.

Following steps are required to internalize a JSF application

Step 1. Define properties files
Create properties file for each locale. Name should be in <file-name>_<locale>.properties format.

Default locale can be omitted in file name.

Messages.properties
greeting=Hello World!

Messages_fr.properties
greeting=Bonjour tout le monde!

Step 2. Update faces-config.xml
Faces-config.xml
<application>
<locale-config>
<default-locale>en</default-locale>
<supported-locale>fr</supported-locale>
</locale-config>
<resource-bundle>
<base-name>com.tutorialspoint.messages</base-name>
<var>msg</var>

TUTORIALS POINT

</resource-bundle>
</application>

Step 3. Use resource-bundle var
home.xhtml
<h:outputText value="#{msg['greeting']}" />

Example Application
Let us create a test JSF application to test internationalization in JSF.

Step Description

1


3 Create com folder under src > main > resources folder.

4 Create tutorialspoint folder under src > main > resources > com folder.

Create messages.properties file under src > main > resources > com > tutorialspointfolder.Modify it as
5
explained below

Create messages_fr.properties file under src > main > resources > com > tutorialspointfolder.Modify it
6
as explained below

7 Create faces-config.xml in WEB-INF folder as explained below.






messages.properties
greeting=Hello World!

messages_fr.properties
greeting=Bonjour tout le monde!

TUTORIALS POINT

faces-config.xml
<faces-config
version="2.0">
<application>
<locale-config>
<default-locale>en</default-locale>
<supported-locale>fr</supported-locale>
</locale-config>
<resource-bundle>
<base-name>com.tutorialspoint.messages</base-name>
<var>msg</var>
</resource-bundle>
</application>
</faces-config>

UserData.java

import java.util.Locale;


@SessionScoped

private String locale;

private static Map<String,Object> countries;

static{
countries = new LinkedHashMap<String,Object>();
countries.put("English", Locale.ENGLISH);
countries.put("French", Locale.FRENCH);
}

public Map<String, Object> getCountries() {
return countries;
}

public String getLocale() {
return locale;

TUTORIALS POINT

}

public void setLocale(String locale) {
this.locale = locale;
}

//value change event listener
String newLocaleValue = e.getNewValue().toString();
for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : countries.entrySet()) {
if(entry.getValue().toString().equals(newLocaleValue)){
FacesContext.getCurrentInstance()
.getViewRoot().setLocale((Locale)entry.getValue());
}
}
}
}

home.xhtml
>
<h:head>
</h:head>
<h:body>
<h2>Internalization Language Example</h2>
<h:form>
<h3><h:outputText value="#{msg['greeting']}" /></h3>
Language :
<h:selectOneMenu value="#{userData.locale}" onchange="submit()"
valueChangeListener="#{userData.localeChanged}">
</h:selectOneMenu>
</h:panelGrid>
</h:form>
</h:body>
</html>


TUTORIALS POINT

Change language from dropdown. You will see the following output.

TUTORIALS POINT

Java server face tutorial

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