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JavaFX 2.0 and Alternative Languages

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Stephen Chin
Stephen Chin

The document discusses JavaFX 2.0, highlighting its design goals and the incorporation of various JVM languages like JRuby, Clojure, and Groovy into the development process. It emphasizes the use of Java APIs, observable properties, and bindings, as well as the evolution from JavaFX Script to supporting other languages with examples of GUI applications. The presentation aims to inspire developers to explore innovative uses of JVM languages in their JavaFX projects.

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JavaFX 2.0 and Alternative LanguagesStephen ChinChief Agile Methodologist, GXSsteveonjava@gmail.comtweet: @steveonjava
About the PresenterStephen ChinJava ChampionFamily ManChief Agile Methodologist, GXSAuthor, Pro JavaFX PlatformMotorcyclist
Disclaimer: This is code-heavyTHE FOLLOWING IS INTENDED TO STIMULATE CREATIVE USE OF JVM LANGUAGES. AFTER WATCHING THIS PRESENTATION YOU MAY FEEL COMPELLED TO START LEARNING A NEW JVM LANGUAGE AND WANT TO APPLY IT AT YOUR WORKPLACE. THE PRESENTERS ARE NOT LIABLE FOR ANY INNOVATION, BREAKTHROUGHS, OR NP-COMPLETE SOLUTIONS THAT MAY RESULT.
AgendaJavaFX 2.0 PlatformJavaFX in JavaExplore Alternative Languages
JavaFX and the Java Platform Java LanguageJava EEHotSpot Java VMLightweight Java VMJava SEJava TV & Java MEJava CardJava FXAPIsCopyright 2010 Oracle
JavaFX Design GoalsDeliver the Best HTML5 & Native Application Experience from JavaProgramming model: the power of Java, the ease of JavaFXNative interoperability between Java, JavaScript & HTML5 High performance 2D and 3D Java graphics engine designed to exploit hardware advances in desktop & mobileComplete & integrated development lifecycle experienceCopyright 2010 Oracle
Programming LanguagesJavaFX 2.0 APIs are now in JavaPure Java APIs for all of JavaFXExpose JavaFX Binding, Sequences as Java APIsEmbrace all JVM languagesJRuby, Clojure, Groovy, ScalaFantom, Mira, Jython, etc.JavaFX Script is no longer supported by OracleExisting JavaFX Script based applications will continue to runVisage is the open-source successor to the JavaFX Script languageCopyright 2010 Oracle
JavaFX 2.0 Product TimelineCYQ1 2011CYQ3 2011CYQ2 2011JavaFX 2.0 EA(Early Access)JavaFX 2.0 BetaJavaFX 2.0 GA(General Availability)Copyright 2010 Oracle
JavaFX With Java
JavaFX in JavaJavaFX API follows JavaBeans approachSimilar in feel to other UI toolkits (Swing, etc)Uses builder pattern to minimize boilerplate
BindingUnquestionably the biggest JavaFX Script innovationSupported via a PropertyBinding classLazy invocation for high performanceStatic construction syntax for simple casese.g.: bindTo(<property>)
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesSupports watching for changes to propertiesImplemented via anonymous inner classesWill take advantage of closures in the future
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});The property we want to watch
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});Only one listener used regardless of data type
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) { }});Rectangle is a Bean
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) { }});Refers to the Rectangle.hover ‘property’
Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) {rect.setFill(rect.isHover() ? Color.GREEN : Color.RED); }});
Sequences in JavaReplaced with an Observable ListPublic API is based on JavaFX sequencesInternal code can use lighter collections APIJavaFX 2.0 will also have an Observable Map
Example Applicationpublic class HelloStage extends Application { @Override public void start() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage");stage.setWidth(600); stage.setHeight(450);Group root = new Group(); Scene scene = new Scene(root);scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) {Launcher.launch(HelloStage.class, args); }}
JavaFX With JRuby
Why JRuby?Direct access to Java APIs
Dynamic Typing
Closures
‘Closure conversion’ for interfacesJava in JRuby - Accessing Propertiestimeline.setAutoReverse(true)timeline.autoReverse = truetimeline.auto_reverse = truetimeline.getKeyFrames().add(kf)timeline.key_frames.add(kf)timeline.key_frames.addkf
JRuby Example 1: Simple Stagerequire 'java'FX = Java::javafx.lang.FXStage = Java::javafx.stage.StageScene = Java::javafx.scene.SceneColor = Java::javafx.scene.paint.Colorclass HelloStage include java.lang.Runnable def run ..... endendFX.start(HelloStage.new);stage = Stage.newstage.title = 'Hello Stage (JRuby)'stage.width = 600stage.height = 450scene = Scene.newscene.fill = Color::LIGHTGREENstage.scene = scenestage.visible = true;
JRuby Example 2rect = Rectangle.newrect.x = 25rect.y = 40rect.width = 100rect.height = 50rect.fill = Color::REDscene.content.add(rect)timeline = Timeline.newtimeline.repeat_count= Timeline::INDEFINITEtimeline.auto_reverse = truekv = KeyValue.new(rect, Rectangle::X, 200);kf = KeyFrame.new(Duration.valueOf(500), kv);timeline.key_frames.addkf;timeline.play();
JRuby Closure Conversionrect.add_change_listener(Rectangle::HOVER) do |bean, pr, bln|rect.fill = rect.hover ? Color::GREEN : Color::RED;end26
JRubySwibyrequire 'swiby'class HelloWorldModelattr_accessor :sayingendmodel = HelloWorldModel.newmodel.saying = "Hello World"Frame { title "Hello World“ width 200 content { Label { text bind(model,:saying) } } visible true}27
28JavaFX With ClojureArtwork by Augusto Sellhornhttp://sellmic.com/
A Little About ClojureStarted in 2007 by Rich HickeyFunctional Programming LanguageDerived from LISPOptimized for High Concurrency… and looks nothing like Java!29(def hello (fn [] "Hello world"))(hello)
Clojure Syntax in One SlideSymbolsnumbers – 2.178ratios – 355/113strings – “clojure”, “rocks”characters – \a \b \c \dsymbols – a b c dkeywords – :alpha :betaboolean – true, falsenull - nilCollections(commas optional)Lists(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)Vectors[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Maps{:a 1, :b 2, :c 3, :d 4}Sets#{:a :b :c :d :e}30(plus macros that are syntactic sugar wrapping the above)
Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)31
Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp[] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)32Create a Function for the Application
Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [](let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)33Initialize the Stage and Scene Variables
Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)34Call Setter Methods on Scene and Stage
Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFillscene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidthstage 600) (.setHeightstage 450) (.setScenestage scene) (.setVisiblestage true)))(javafxapp)35Java Constant SyntaxJava Method Syntax
Simpler Code Using doto(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (doto scene (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN)) (doto stage (.setWidth600) (.setHeight450) (.setScene scene) (.setVisibletrue))))(javafxapp)36
Simpler Code Using doto(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (doto scene (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN)) (doto stage (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene scene) (.setVisible true))))(javafxapp)37doto form:(doto symbol (.method params)) equals:(.method symbol params)
Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth600) (.setHeight450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX25) (.setY40) (.setWidth100) (.setHeight50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisibletrue)))(javafxapp)38
Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto(Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto(Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)39Let replaced with inline declarations
Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)40Doto allows nested data structures
Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)41Now a nested Rectangle fits!
Closures in Clojure42Inner classes can be created using proxy(.addChangeListenerrectRectangle/HOVER (proxy [Listener] [] (handle [b, p] (.setFillrect (if (.isHoverrect) Color/GREEN Color/RED)))))
Closures in ClojureInner classes can be created using proxy43Proxy form:(proxy [class] [args] fs+) f => (name [params*] body)(.addChangeListenerrectRectangle/HOVER (proxy[Listener][] (handle [b, p] (.setFillrect (if (.isHoverrect) Color/GREEN Color/RED)))))
JavaFX With Groovy
Features of GroovyTight integration with JavaVery easy to port from Java to GroovyDeclarative syntaxFamiliar to JavaFX Script developersBuilders
Example 1: Simple FX Script to Groovy
Step 1: Lazy conversion to Groovyclass HelloStage implements Runnable { void run() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage (Groovy)“);stage.setWidth(600);stage.setHeight(450); Scene scene = new Scene();scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); }static void main(args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}
Step 2: Slightly More Groovyclass HelloStage implements Runnable { void run() { new Stage( title: "Hello Stage (Groovy)", width: 600, height: 450, visible: true, scene: new Scene( fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE, ) ); } static void main(args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}
Slight Aside: Groovy BuildersGroovy builders make writing custom DSLs easyFor the next slide, I am using a builder I definedHopefully the community will improve upon this
Step 3: Using a Groovy BuilderFxBuilder.build { stage = stage( title: "Hello World", width: 600, height: 450, scene: scene(fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE) { ... } ) stage.visible = true;}
Step 4: With ContentFxBuilder.build { stage = stage( title: "Hello Rectangle (Groovy FxBuilder 2)", width: 600, height: 450, scene: scene(fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE) { rectangle( x: 25, y: 40, width: 100, height: 50, fill: Color.RED ) } ) stage.visible = true;}
Example 2: FX Script Animation in Groovy
Step 1: JavaFX Scriptdef timeline = Timeline {repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITEautoReverse: truekeyFrames: [KeyFrame { time: 750ms values : [ rect1.x => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR, rect2.y => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR, circle1.radius => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR ] } ];}timeline.play();
Step 1a: JavaFX Script Simplificationdef timeline = Timeline {repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITEautoReverse: true keyFrames: at (750ms) { rect1.x => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; rect2.y => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; circle1.radius => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; }}timeline.play();
Step 2: Java-ish Groovy Animationsfinal Timeline timeline = new Timeline(repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE,autoReverse: true)final KeyValue kv1 = new KeyValue (rect1.x(), 200);final KeyValue kv2 = new KeyValue (rect2.y(), 200);final KeyValue kv3 = new KeyValue (circle1.radius(), 200);final KeyFramekf = new KeyFrame(Duration.valueOf(750), kv1, kv2, kv3);timeline.getKeyFrames().add(kf);timeline.play();
Step 3: JavaFX Animation Groovy DSL (courtesy of Jim Clarke – work in progress)timeline = timeline(repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { at 750.ms update values { change rect1.y() to 200 change rect2.x() to 200 change circle.radius() to 200 }}timeline.play();
Groovy Closures - With interface coerciondef f = { bean, pr-> rect.setFill(rect.isHover() ? Color.GREEN : Color.RED);} as Listener;rect.addChangedListener(Rectangle.HOVER, f);
58JavaFX With Scala
What is ScalaStarted in 2001 by Martin OderskyCompiles to Java bytecodesPure object-oriented languageAlso a functional programming language59
Why Scala?Shares many language features with JavaFX Script that make GUI programming easier:Static type checking – Catch your errors at compile timeClosures – Wrap behavior and pass it by referenceDeclarative – Express the UI by describing what it should look likeScala also supports DSLs!60
Java vs. Scala DSLpublic class HelloStage implements Runnable { public void run() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage");stage.setWidth(600);stage.setHeight(450); Scene scene = new Scene();scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN); Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(25);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(50);rect.setFill(Color.RED);stage.add(rect);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}6122 Lines545 Characters17 Lines324 Characters
object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}62
63object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Base class for JavaFX applications
64object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication {def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Declarative Stage definition
65object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage {title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Inline property definitions
66object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}List Construction Syntax
Animation in Scaladef timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }67
def timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }Animation in Scala68Duration set by Constructor Parameter
Animation in Scala69def timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }Operator overloading for animation syntax
Closures in Scala70Closures are also supported in ScalaAnd they are 100% type-saferect.addChangedListener(Node.HOVER, (b, p) => {rect.fill = if (rect.hover) Color.GREEN else Color.RED})
Closures in ScalaClosures are also supported in ScalaAnd they are 100% type-safe71rect.addChangedListener(Node.HOVER, (b, p) => {rect.fill = if (rect.hover) Color.GREEN else Color.RED})Compact syntax(params) => {body}
Other JVM Languages to TryJythonStarted by Jim HuguninHigh Performance PythonMirahInvented by Charles NutterOriginally called DubyLocal Type Inference, Static and Dynamic TypingFantomCreated by Brian and Andy FrankOriginally called FanBuilt-in Declarative SyntaxPortable to Java and .NETLocal Type Inference, Static and Dynamic Typing72
Fantom Code ExampleVoid main() { Stage { title= "Hello Stage" width= 600 height= 450 Scene { fill= Color.LIGHTGREEN Rectangle { x= 25 y= 40 width= 100 height= 50 fill= Color.RED } } }.open}73
timeline := Timeline { repeatCount = Timeline.INDEFINITE autoReverse = trueKeyFrame { time = 50msKeyValue(rect1.x()-> 300), KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150)}}Animation in Fantom74Fantom has a built-in Duration typeAnd also supports operator overloading
Announcing Project Visage75“Visage is a domain specific language (DSL) designed for the express purpose of writing user interfaces.”Visage project goals:Compile to JavaFX Java APIsEvolve the Language (Annotations, Maps, etc.)Support Other ToolkitsCome join the team!For more info: http://visage-lang.org/
How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450 scene: Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREEN content: Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}76
How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450scene: Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREENcontent: Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}77
How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450 Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREEN Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}78
ConclusionYou can write JavaFX applications in pure JavaJavaFX is also usable in alternate languagesOver time improved support is possibleGroovy Builders, Scala DSL, VisageRemember: This is a proof of concept only – you can not leave this session and do this today.
Challenge the Presenter…

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JavaFX 2.0 and Alternative Languages

  • 1. JavaFX 2.0 and Alternative LanguagesStephen ChinChief Agile Methodologist, [email protected]: @steveonjava
  • 2. About the PresenterStephen ChinJava ChampionFamily ManChief Agile Methodologist, GXSAuthor, Pro JavaFX PlatformMotorcyclist
  • 3. Disclaimer: This is code-heavyTHE FOLLOWING IS INTENDED TO STIMULATE CREATIVE USE OF JVM LANGUAGES. AFTER WATCHING THIS PRESENTATION YOU MAY FEEL COMPELLED TO START LEARNING A NEW JVM LANGUAGE AND WANT TO APPLY IT AT YOUR WORKPLACE. THE PRESENTERS ARE NOT LIABLE FOR ANY INNOVATION, BREAKTHROUGHS, OR NP-COMPLETE SOLUTIONS THAT MAY RESULT.
  • 4. AgendaJavaFX 2.0 PlatformJavaFX in JavaExplore Alternative Languages
  • 5. JavaFX and the Java Platform Java LanguageJava EEHotSpot Java VMLightweight Java VMJava SEJava TV & Java MEJava CardJava FXAPIsCopyright 2010 Oracle
  • 6. JavaFX Design GoalsDeliver the Best HTML5 & Native Application Experience from JavaProgramming model: the power of Java, the ease of JavaFXNative interoperability between Java, JavaScript & HTML5 High performance 2D and 3D Java graphics engine designed to exploit hardware advances in desktop & mobileComplete & integrated development lifecycle experienceCopyright 2010 Oracle
  • 7. Programming LanguagesJavaFX 2.0 APIs are now in JavaPure Java APIs for all of JavaFXExpose JavaFX Binding, Sequences as Java APIsEmbrace all JVM languagesJRuby, Clojure, Groovy, ScalaFantom, Mira, Jython, etc.JavaFX Script is no longer supported by OracleExisting JavaFX Script based applications will continue to runVisage is the open-source successor to the JavaFX Script languageCopyright 2010 Oracle
  • 8. JavaFX 2.0 Product TimelineCYQ1 2011CYQ3 2011CYQ2 2011JavaFX 2.0 EA(Early Access)JavaFX 2.0 BetaJavaFX 2.0 GA(General Availability)Copyright 2010 Oracle
  • 10. JavaFX in JavaJavaFX API follows JavaBeans approachSimilar in feel to other UI toolkits (Swing, etc)Uses builder pattern to minimize boilerplate
  • 11. BindingUnquestionably the biggest JavaFX Script innovationSupported via a PropertyBinding classLazy invocation for high performanceStatic construction syntax for simple casese.g.: bindTo(<property>)
  • 12. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesSupports watching for changes to propertiesImplemented via anonymous inner classesWill take advantage of closures in the future
  • 13. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});
  • 14. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});The property we want to watch
  • 15. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() {});Only one listener used regardless of data type
  • 16. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) { }});Rectangle is a Bean
  • 17. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) { }});Refers to the Rectangle.hover ‘property’
  • 18. Observable Pseudo-PropertiesRectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(40);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(200);rect.addChangeListener(Rectangle.HOVER, new ChangeListener() { public void handle(Bean bean, PropertyReference pr) {rect.setFill(rect.isHover() ? Color.GREEN : Color.RED); }});
  • 19. Sequences in JavaReplaced with an Observable ListPublic API is based on JavaFX sequencesInternal code can use lighter collections APIJavaFX 2.0 will also have an Observable Map
  • 20. Example Applicationpublic class HelloStage extends Application { @Override public void start() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage");stage.setWidth(600); stage.setHeight(450);Group root = new Group(); Scene scene = new Scene(root);scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) {Launcher.launch(HelloStage.class, args); }}
  • 22. Why JRuby?Direct access to Java APIs
  • 25. ‘Closure conversion’ for interfacesJava in JRuby - Accessing Propertiestimeline.setAutoReverse(true)timeline.autoReverse = truetimeline.auto_reverse = truetimeline.getKeyFrames().add(kf)timeline.key_frames.add(kf)timeline.key_frames.addkf
  • 26. JRuby Example 1: Simple Stagerequire 'java'FX = Java::javafx.lang.FXStage = Java::javafx.stage.StageScene = Java::javafx.scene.SceneColor = Java::javafx.scene.paint.Colorclass HelloStage include java.lang.Runnable def run ..... endendFX.start(HelloStage.new);stage = Stage.newstage.title = 'Hello Stage (JRuby)'stage.width = 600stage.height = 450scene = Scene.newscene.fill = Color::LIGHTGREENstage.scene = scenestage.visible = true;
  • 27. JRuby Example 2rect = Rectangle.newrect.x = 25rect.y = 40rect.width = 100rect.height = 50rect.fill = Color::REDscene.content.add(rect)timeline = Timeline.newtimeline.repeat_count= Timeline::INDEFINITEtimeline.auto_reverse = truekv = KeyValue.new(rect, Rectangle::X, 200);kf = KeyFrame.new(Duration.valueOf(500), kv);timeline.key_frames.addkf;timeline.play();
  • 28. JRuby Closure Conversionrect.add_change_listener(Rectangle::HOVER) do |bean, pr, bln|rect.fill = rect.hover ? Color::GREEN : Color::RED;end26
  • 29. JRubySwibyrequire 'swiby'class HelloWorldModelattr_accessor :sayingendmodel = HelloWorldModel.newmodel.saying = "Hello World"Frame { title "Hello World“ width 200 content { Label { text bind(model,:saying) } } visible true}27
  • 30. 28JavaFX With ClojureArtwork by Augusto Sellhornhttp://sellmic.com/
  • 31. A Little About ClojureStarted in 2007 by Rich HickeyFunctional Programming LanguageDerived from LISPOptimized for High Concurrency… and looks nothing like Java!29(def hello (fn [] "Hello world"))(hello)
  • 32. Clojure Syntax in One SlideSymbolsnumbers – 2.178ratios – 355/113strings – “clojure”, “rocks”characters – \a \b \c \dsymbols – a b c dkeywords – :alpha :betaboolean – true, falsenull - nilCollections(commas optional)Lists(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)Vectors[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]Maps{:a 1, :b 2, :c 3, :d 4}Sets#{:a :b :c :d :e}30(plus macros that are syntactic sugar wrapping the above)
  • 33. Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)31
  • 34. Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp[] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)32Create a Function for the Application
  • 35. Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [](let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)33Initialize the Stage and Scene Variables
  • 36. Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFill scene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidth stage 600) (.setHeight stage 450) (.setScene stage scene) (.setVisible stage true)))(javafxapp)34Call Setter Methods on Scene and Stage
  • 37. Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (.setFillscene Color/LIGHTGREEN) (.setWidthstage 600) (.setHeightstage 450) (.setScenestage scene) (.setVisiblestage true)))(javafxapp)35Java Constant SyntaxJava Method Syntax
  • 38. Simpler Code Using doto(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (doto scene (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN)) (doto stage (.setWidth600) (.setHeight450) (.setScene scene) (.setVisibletrue))))(javafxapp)36
  • 39. Simpler Code Using doto(defnjavafxapp [] (let [stage (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") scene (Scene.)] (doto scene (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN)) (doto stage (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene scene) (.setVisible true))))(javafxapp)37doto form:(doto symbol (.method params)) equals:(.method symbol params)
  • 40. Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth600) (.setHeight450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX25) (.setY40) (.setWidth100) (.setHeight50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisibletrue)))(javafxapp)38
  • 41. Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto(Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto(Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)39Let replaced with inline declarations
  • 42. Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)40Doto allows nested data structures
  • 43. Refined Clojure GUI Example(defnjavafxapp [] (doto (Stage. "JavaFX Stage") (.setWidth 600) (.setHeight 450) (.setScene (doto (Scene.) (.setFillColor/LIGHTGREEN) (.setContent (list (doto (Rectangle.) (.setX 25) (.setY 40) (.setWidth 100) (.setHeight 50) (.setFillColor/RED)))))) (.setVisible true)))(javafxapp)41Now a nested Rectangle fits!
  • 44. Closures in Clojure42Inner classes can be created using proxy(.addChangeListenerrectRectangle/HOVER (proxy [Listener] [] (handle [b, p] (.setFillrect (if (.isHoverrect) Color/GREEN Color/RED)))))
  • 45. Closures in ClojureInner classes can be created using proxy43Proxy form:(proxy [class] [args] fs+) f => (name [params*] body)(.addChangeListenerrectRectangle/HOVER (proxy[Listener][] (handle [b, p] (.setFillrect (if (.isHoverrect) Color/GREEN Color/RED)))))
  • 47. Features of GroovyTight integration with JavaVery easy to port from Java to GroovyDeclarative syntaxFamiliar to JavaFX Script developersBuilders
  • 48. Example 1: Simple FX Script to Groovy
  • 49. Step 1: Lazy conversion to Groovyclass HelloStage implements Runnable { void run() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage (Groovy)“);stage.setWidth(600);stage.setHeight(450); Scene scene = new Scene();scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); }static void main(args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}
  • 50. Step 2: Slightly More Groovyclass HelloStage implements Runnable { void run() { new Stage( title: "Hello Stage (Groovy)", width: 600, height: 450, visible: true, scene: new Scene( fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE, ) ); } static void main(args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}
  • 51. Slight Aside: Groovy BuildersGroovy builders make writing custom DSLs easyFor the next slide, I am using a builder I definedHopefully the community will improve upon this
  • 52. Step 3: Using a Groovy BuilderFxBuilder.build { stage = stage( title: "Hello World", width: 600, height: 450, scene: scene(fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE) { ... } ) stage.visible = true;}
  • 53. Step 4: With ContentFxBuilder.build { stage = stage( title: "Hello Rectangle (Groovy FxBuilder 2)", width: 600, height: 450, scene: scene(fill: Color.LIGHTSKYBLUE) { rectangle( x: 25, y: 40, width: 100, height: 50, fill: Color.RED ) } ) stage.visible = true;}
  • 54. Example 2: FX Script Animation in Groovy
  • 55. Step 1: JavaFX Scriptdef timeline = Timeline {repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITEautoReverse: truekeyFrames: [KeyFrame { time: 750ms values : [ rect1.x => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR, rect2.y => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR, circle1.radius => 200.0 tweenInterpolator.LINEAR ] } ];}timeline.play();
  • 56. Step 1a: JavaFX Script Simplificationdef timeline = Timeline {repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITEautoReverse: true keyFrames: at (750ms) { rect1.x => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; rect2.y => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; circle1.radius => 200.0 tween Interpolator.LINEAR; }}timeline.play();
  • 57. Step 2: Java-ish Groovy Animationsfinal Timeline timeline = new Timeline(repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE,autoReverse: true)final KeyValue kv1 = new KeyValue (rect1.x(), 200);final KeyValue kv2 = new KeyValue (rect2.y(), 200);final KeyValue kv3 = new KeyValue (circle1.radius(), 200);final KeyFramekf = new KeyFrame(Duration.valueOf(750), kv1, kv2, kv3);timeline.getKeyFrames().add(kf);timeline.play();
  • 58. Step 3: JavaFX Animation Groovy DSL (courtesy of Jim Clarke – work in progress)timeline = timeline(repeatCount: Timeline.INDEFINITE, autoReverse: true) { at 750.ms update values { change rect1.y() to 200 change rect2.x() to 200 change circle.radius() to 200 }}timeline.play();
  • 59. Groovy Closures - With interface coerciondef f = { bean, pr-> rect.setFill(rect.isHover() ? Color.GREEN : Color.RED);} as Listener;rect.addChangedListener(Rectangle.HOVER, f);
  • 61. What is ScalaStarted in 2001 by Martin OderskyCompiles to Java bytecodesPure object-oriented languageAlso a functional programming language59
  • 62. Why Scala?Shares many language features with JavaFX Script that make GUI programming easier:Static type checking – Catch your errors at compile timeClosures – Wrap behavior and pass it by referenceDeclarative – Express the UI by describing what it should look likeScala also supports DSLs!60
  • 63. Java vs. Scala DSLpublic class HelloStage implements Runnable { public void run() { Stage stage = new Stage();stage.setTitle("Hello Stage");stage.setWidth(600);stage.setHeight(450); Scene scene = new Scene();scene.setFill(Color.LIGHTGREEN); Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();rect.setX(25);rect.setY(40);rect.setWidth(100);rect.setHeight(50);rect.setFill(Color.RED);stage.add(rect);stage.setScene(scene);stage.setVisible(true); } public static void main(String[] args) {FX.start(new HelloStage()); }}object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}6122 Lines545 Characters17 Lines324 Characters
  • 64. object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}62
  • 65. 63object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Base class for JavaFX applications
  • 66. 64object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication {def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Declarative Stage definition
  • 67. 65object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage {title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}Inline property definitions
  • 68. 66object HelloJavaFX extends JavaFXApplication { def stage = new Stage { title = "Hello Stage" width = 600 height = 450 scene = new Scene { fill = Color.LIGHTGREEN content = List(new Rectangle { x = 25 y = 40 width = 100 height = 50 fill = Color.RED }) } }}List Construction Syntax
  • 69. Animation in Scaladef timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }67
  • 70. def timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }Animation in Scala68Duration set by Constructor Parameter
  • 71. Animation in Scala69def timeline = new Timeline {repeatCount = INDEFINITEautoReverse = truekeyFrames = List( new KeyFrame(time: 50) { values = List( new KeyValue(rect1.x() -> 300), new KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), new KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150) ) } ) }Operator overloading for animation syntax
  • 72. Closures in Scala70Closures are also supported in ScalaAnd they are 100% type-saferect.addChangedListener(Node.HOVER, (b, p) => {rect.fill = if (rect.hover) Color.GREEN else Color.RED})
  • 73. Closures in ScalaClosures are also supported in ScalaAnd they are 100% type-safe71rect.addChangedListener(Node.HOVER, (b, p) => {rect.fill = if (rect.hover) Color.GREEN else Color.RED})Compact syntax(params) => {body}
  • 74. Other JVM Languages to TryJythonStarted by Jim HuguninHigh Performance PythonMirahInvented by Charles NutterOriginally called DubyLocal Type Inference, Static and Dynamic TypingFantomCreated by Brian and Andy FrankOriginally called FanBuilt-in Declarative SyntaxPortable to Java and .NETLocal Type Inference, Static and Dynamic Typing72
  • 75. Fantom Code ExampleVoid main() { Stage { title= "Hello Stage" width= 600 height= 450 Scene { fill= Color.LIGHTGREEN Rectangle { x= 25 y= 40 width= 100 height= 50 fill= Color.RED } } }.open}73
  • 76. timeline := Timeline { repeatCount = Timeline.INDEFINITE autoReverse = trueKeyFrame { time = 50msKeyValue(rect1.x()-> 300), KeyValue(rect2.y() -> 500), KeyValue(rect2.width() -> 150)}}Animation in Fantom74Fantom has a built-in Duration typeAnd also supports operator overloading
  • 77. Announcing Project Visage75“Visage is a domain specific language (DSL) designed for the express purpose of writing user interfaces.”Visage project goals:Compile to JavaFX Java APIsEvolve the Language (Annotations, Maps, etc.)Support Other ToolkitsCome join the team!For more info: http://visage-lang.org/
  • 78. How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450 scene: Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREEN content: Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}76
  • 79. How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450scene: Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREENcontent: Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}77
  • 80. How about JavaFX on… VisageStage { title: "Hello Stage" width: 600 height: 450 Scene { fill: Color.LIGHTGREEN Rectangle { x: 25 y: 40 width: 100 height: 50 fill: Color.RED } }}78
  • 81. ConclusionYou can write JavaFX applications in pure JavaJavaFX is also usable in alternate languagesOver time improved support is possibleGroovy Builders, Scala DSL, VisageRemember: This is a proof of concept only – you can not leave this session and do this today.

Editor's Notes

  • #13: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #14: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #15: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #16: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #17: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #18: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #19: There are two kinds of listener: ‘changedListener’ and ‘ChangingListener’. Being informed of the change before it happens allow for it to be vetoed.It is also possible to either watch a single property, or all properties belonging to a bean.Note that the value passed to the callback is the old value. This is to ensure that we aren’t eagerly computing the new value when it might not be required. To get the new value, you can call the function on the bean or via the propertyReference
  • #48: Slight conversion to Groovy. This can be compiled by the Groovy compiler and run, but basically there is only one line difference (the ‘static void main’ line)
  • #49: This is the same code as the previous slide, taking advantage of some of the Groovy syntax tricks. This is getting to look a lot more like JavaFX Script.
  • #51: This DSL handles running on the EDT, and can actually be run as-is – there is no need for a class declaration, or anything else to ensure that we’re on the EDT. This is getting us fairly close to the simple JavaFX Script at the beginning
  • #52: This DSL handles running on the EDT, and can actually be run as-is – there is no need for a class declaration, or anything else to ensure that we’re on the EDT. This is getting us fairly close to the simple JavaFX Script at the beginning