JSONB Tricks: Operators, Indexes, and When (Not) to Use It | PostgresOpen 2019 | Colton Shepard
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The document discusses the use of JSON and JSONB data types in PostgreSQL, highlighting their characteristics such as being human-readable and indexable. It describes various operators and functions introduced in PostgreSQL 12 for querying JSON data, including jsonb_path_query and operators like @ and #>. The document also includes links to customer stories and resources for further learning about the use of JSON in PostgreSQL.
![Postgres 12
New datatype: jsonpath
Provides a binary representation of the parsed SQL/JSON path expression
1. .key returns object member with specified key
2. .* returns all object members at current level
3. .** returns all object members at current level and below
4. .**{level} or .**{start_level to end_level} returns all at specified level(s)
5. [subscript, ...] returns the value at specified array location
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/datatype-json.html#DATATYPE-JSONPATH](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/jsonbpresentation1-200103001056/85/JSONB-Tricks-Operators-Indexes-and-When-Not-to-Use-It-PostgresOpen-2019-Colton-Shepard-26-320.jpg)
JSONB Tricks: Operators, Indexes, and When (Not) to Use It | PostgresOpen 2019 | Colton Shepard
- 2. What is all this, anyways? JavaScript Object Notation Data Interchange Format RFC 7158 Human readable lightweight data format One of 2 Postgres JSON data types. Decomposed for storage, not stored as string • Fast and indexable • High disk usage
- 3. Good use cases Entity–attribute–value model tables
- 5. Less Good Use Cases: Statistics Gathering Issues
- 6. Other Less Good Use Cases
- 7. Customer Story: Heap Analytics https://heap.io/blog/engineering/when-to-avoid-jsonb-in-a-postgresql-schema
- 8. Customer Story: Anonymous, Inc.
- 9. Operators
- 10. -> and ->>
- 11. The ? operator Does this string exist as a top-level key within the JSON value?
- 12. The ? operator What about this array of strings?
- 13. The ? operator
- 14. The @ operator
- 15. #> and #>>
- 17. B-Tree
- 19. Hash
- 21. GiST, SP-GiST, and BRIN
- 22. GIN This
- 24. GIN with jsonb_ops (default)
- 25. Special mention: GIN function index with gin_trgm_ops
- 26. Postgres 12 New datatype: jsonpath Provides a binary representation of the parsed SQL/JSON path expression 1. .key returns object member with specified key 2. .* returns all object members at current level 3. .** returns all object members at current level and below 4. .**{level} or .**{start_level to end_level} returns all at specified level(s) 5. [subscript, ...] returns the value at specified array location https://www.postgresql.org/docs/devel/datatype-json.html#DATATYPE-JSONPATH
- 27. Postgres 12: The jsonb_path_query operator
- 28. Postgres 12: jsonb_path_query with .* and .**
- 29. Postgres 12: jsonb_path_query with .**{level}
- 30. Postgres 12: jsonb_path_query with arrays
- 31. Postgres 12: the jsonb_path_exists operator Gives bool indicating whether the path exists.
- 32. Postgres 12: the jsonb_path_match operator This allows for any logic that’ll output Boolean results
- 33. Postgres 12: the jsonb_path_query_array operator Much like jsonb_path_query, but you get an array instead:
- 34. Postgres 12: the jsonb_path_query_first operator Get first matching result:
- 35. Conclusion
- 36. General resources to learn more https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AeMaBwd90SI https://heap.io/blog/engineering/when-to-avoid-jsonb-in-a- postgresql-schema https://bitnine.net/blog-postgresql/postgresql-internals-jsonb- type-and-its-indexes/ https://www.citusdata.com/blog/2016/07/14/choosing-nosql- hstore-json-jsonb/ https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/functions- json.html#FUNCTIONS-SQLJSON-PATH https://paquier.xyz/postgresql-2/postgres-12-jsonpath/ https://www.citusdata.com/blog/2016/07/25/sharding-json-in- postgres-and-performance/
- 37. @Azure Database for MySQL, PostgreSQL & MariaDB