Kerrang! is a UK-based magazine devoted to rock music. It was first published in 1981 as a supplement focused on new heavy metal acts. Over time it became a monthly then weekly publication covering rock music genres more broadly. It has expanded to include a website, online forum, radio station, TV channel, concerts, and an annual awards show. The target readership is young people aged 22 on average, who are heavy consumers of rock music and merchandise. Circulation is over 42,000 with high reader loyalty. The magazine uses its cover to directly address readers and promote a sense of exclusivity around band coverage to attract purchases.