Language choice in Multilingual communities.pptx

Language choice in Multilingual communities.pptx

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  Language choice inmultilingual communities (diaglossia, bilingualism, multilingualism) 1. Srie Novita Winda 22202289013 2. Zahrani Esa Muliya 22202289015
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  What is Language Repertoire? 01
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  Linguistic repertoire isthe set of skills and knowledge a person has of one or more languages, as well as their different varieties. It is include all linguistic varieties like registers, dialects, styles, accents, etc. Holmes (2008) states that repertoire influenced the way people talk to others (including how to use the style and dialect).
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  What is Diglossia? 02
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  Diglosia is asituation where there are two different codes with an obvious functional separation; the two different codes used in absolutely different set situation (Wardaugh & Fuller, 2015). One language is more prestigious and one another more formal. In other words, the term diglossia describes a community or institutional bilingualism, where two kinds of varieties are needed to cover all community domains. In simple sentence, diglossia is the situation where the speakers use two varieties of language for different context or different situation.
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  3 crucial featuresof Diglossia: 1.Two distinct varieties of the same language are used in the community, with one regarded as a high (or H) variety and the other a low (or L) variety. 2.Each variety is used for quite distinct functions; H and L complement each other. 3. No one uses the H variety in everyday conversation.
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  The main differencebetween bilingualism and diglossia is that bilingualism is the ability to speak and communicate using two languages, whereas diglossia is the use of different varieties or dialects in the same language. A simple way to distinguish between the two is that bilingualism is more focused on individuals who speak two languages while diglossia is a community of people who use two languages or two dialects.
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  What is Bilingualism? 03
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  Bloomfield (1958) explainsthat bilingualism is a person's ability to master two languages equally well, like a native speaker. So, people who are bilingualism must be masters of both languages they use, if people who are bilingual only understand the language but cannot use it, then that person is not categorized as bilingualism, as stated by Bloomfield. but another opinion says that even though someone cannot speak like a native speaker but understands the language, it is categorized as bilingualism (Haugen, 1968). Bilingualism is two languages that are used by a person interchangeably in associating with other people.
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  The types ofbilingualism: 1. Horizontal bilingualism is when two language are similar in official, social and cultural status in a country. 2. Vertical bilingualism is when there are two dialects in the same language but one dialect is official and one other is colloquial. 3. Diagonal bilingualism is when a country uses a standard dialect of one language and a colonial dialect of another language.
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  What is Multilingualism? 04
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  Multilingualism is relatedto the person who speaks many languages. Multilingual is the ability of people to communicate effectively in three or more languages. It is includes individuals who use one language at home and another outside home, another at the particular situation, and so on. Types of multilingualism are official multilingualism and the factor.
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  What is Interference? 05
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  Interference is thedeviations occur in bilingual speech because of the familiarity with more than one language. Language interference also known as language transfer or L1 Interference refers to the speakers applying knowledge from their native language to second language. The effect can be on any aspect of language, such as grammar, vocabulary, accent, spelling, and so on. Grammatical inference example is “she very loves her brother”.
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  REFERENCES Holmes, J., &Wilson, N. (2017). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (5th ed). Routledge. Meyerhoff, M. (2018). Introducing Sociolinguistics (3rd ed). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429507922 Wardaugh, R., & Fuller, J. M. (2015). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (7th ed). Wiley-Blackwell.
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