Latin America In The 19th Century

Latin America In The 19th Century

• 2.
   1807 - 1824 ended the Spanish and Portuguese rule over Mexico, Central America, South America and created independent Latin American nations  Spanish Bourbon reform act brought colonists together against monarchy  Spanish king took all economic holdings from Latin American Catholic Church
• 3.
   While the Napoleonic Wars precipitated the movement for independence in Spain’s American colonies, they delayed its outbreak in the Portuguese colony of Brazil  The tide in the war for independence now turned in Bolívar’s favor
• 4.
   Independence brought many changes  Most Latin Americans paid little attention to politics  Most growth was due to the trade of goods to the rest of the world
• 5.
   New countries went through many philosophies to establish own nation  What worked for some didn’t work for others and leaders changed often  All countries except Guatemala developed with liberal reform without the strong Catholic Church
• 6.
   With independence from Spain, Britain wishes to take over Latin America starting with economic trade  British business involved itself with every aspect of Latin American economy except politics  WWI stalled British influence and WWI ended it
• 7.
   Without European money Latin American countries struggle to define governments  Cities grew rapidly while farmers grew poor  Vast economic differences between races  Latin American governments crashed as result of British economic collapse
• 8.
   1820 - 1824 provincial Gauchos defeated Buenos Aires residents and Argentina fractured into pieces with no central government  1826 brought a truce and elected Rosa as governor/president/di ctator  Rosa joins other nations to conquer all Latin America in the Great War 1839-1852
• 9.
   Most of the southern South American colonies of Spain, including Argentina, Chile, and Peru, fought their wars of independence  These wars were lead by the influential military leader and politician, Jose de San Martin, (known as "the Liberator" in Argentina)
• 10.
   The territory known today as Argentina was part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata and its capital city was Buenos Aires. It was ruled by a viceroy appointed by the Spanish Crown and guarded by the Spanish royal army. Part of the conflict between the settlers and the crown can be traced to the traditional, full prohibition of trading with all countries except for Spain  The Argentine War of Independence was fought from 1810 to 1818  Argentine forces under Manuel Belgrano and José de San Martín fought against royalist forces loyal to the Spanish crown.
• 11.
   On July 9, 1816, an assembly met in San Miguel de Tucumán, declared full independence with provisions for a national constitution.  On 26 July 1822, San Martín met with Simon Bolivar at Guayaquil to plan the future of Latin America  This is considered to be the conclusion of the Argentine War of Independence