Latin America tour 2019 - Flashback

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bienvenido

Lo siento, no hablo español :-(

But I will do my best to help
Pero haré todo lo posible para ayudar

Flashback - great for DBAs, great for Developers
Connor McDonald
Database Advocate
una gran herramienta para DBA y desarrolladores

5

6

Copyright © 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
Me
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400+ posts mainly on database & development
250 technical videos, new uploads every week
Más de 400 publicaciones principalmente en bases de datos y desarrollo
250 videos técnicos, nuevas cargas cada semana

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flashback
11

several technologies
12
varias tecnologías diferentes

flashback query
flashback table
flashback drop
flashback database
flashback transaction
flashback data archive

flashback
query
14

controversy
15
controversia

you have always...
16
siempre has ...

.. been using flashback query
17
.. estado usando una consulta flashback

revision
18

SQL> update EMP
2 set SAL = SAL * 1.10
3 /
14 rows updated.
SQL> rollback;
Rollback complete.
how ?
19

we remember stuff
20
recordamos cosas

SQL> update EMP
2 set SAL = SAL * 1.10
3 /
undo header
smith $1,0001
block 2754
jones $9002
brown $1,5003
wells $2,0004
wilson $1,0005
block 2754, row 1,
sal $1000
block 2754, row 2,
sal $900
block 2754, row 3,
sal $1500
block 2754, row 4,
sal $2000
uba 5
5
$1,100
$990
$1,650
$2,200
uba 5.1uba 5.2

SQL> rollback;
23

SQL> rollback;
undo header
smith $1,0001
block 2754
jones $9002
brown $1,5003
wells $2,0004
wilson $1,0005
block 2754, row 1,
sal $1000
block 2754, row 2,
sal $900
block 2754, row 3,
sal $1500
block 2754, row 4,
sal $2000
uba 5
5
$1,100
$990
$1,650
$2,200
uba 5.1uba 5.2

we can use this for queries!
(Oracle version 4)
26
podemos usar esto para consultas!

read consistency
27

select * from emp
where hiredate > '01/01/2004'
update emp set …
where empno = 1234;
Block 3217
"I need block 3217…
… as it was at 9:00"
9:00
9:03
9:05
session 1 session 2
...and time = scn

system change number
29
número de cambio del sistema

Session 1
Request
Block 3217,
SCN 4567192
Block 3217,
SCN 4567234
"ABC" Block 3217,
SCN 4567003,
change ABC => XYZ
undo segment block(s)
No good..too new
take a copy of the block
Locate
apply undo
Block 3217,
SCN 4567234
"ABC"
Block 3217,
SCN 4567234
"ABC"
Block 3217,
SCN 4567003
"XYZ"
Block 3217,
SCN 4567003
"XYZ"
Session 2
update emp
set ename = "ABC"
where empno = 1234;
commit;
Done !
30

every query = locked at a SCN
31
cada consulta = bloqueada en un SCN

32
go back even further....
volver aún más lejos ...

flashback query = choose SCN
33
consulta de flashback = elegir SCN

v9
34

SQL> select * from DEPT;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 UNKNOWN NEW YORK
20 UNKNOWN DALLAS
30 UNKNOWN CHICAGO
40 UNKNOWN BOSTON
35

SQL> select * from DEPT AS OF SCN 995401;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
36

a little less geeky
37
un poco menos geek

SQL> select * from DEPT
2 AS OF TIMESTAMP systimestamp -
3 interval '20:00' minute to second;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON
38

SQL> select TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(systimestamp) from DUAL;
TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN(SYSTIMESTAMP)
------------------------------
998332
42

SQL> select SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP(998314) from DUAL;
SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP(998314)
-----------------------------------------------
25-AUG-19 09.12.48.000000000 PM
43

3 seconds
44

SQL> select scn_to_timestamp(2409511-rownum)
2 from dual
3 connect by level <= 50;
SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP(2409511-ROWNUM)
---------------------------------------------
28-AUG-19 05.47.47.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.47.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.44.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.41.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.37.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.34.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.31.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.28.000000000 PM
28-AUG-19 05.47.25.000000000 PM
45

use in "normal" queries
46
utilizar en consultas "normales"

SQL> select e.empno, e.ename, d.dname
2 from emp e,
3 dept AS OF TIMESTAMP '23-AUG-19 11.51.02 PM' d
3 where d.deptno = e.deptno;
EMPNO ENAME DNAME
---------- ---------- --------------
7782 CLARK "PREVIOUS NAME"
7839 KING "PREVIOUS NAME"
7934 MILLER "PREVIOUS NAME"
7566 JONES RESEARCH
7902 FORD RESEARCH
7876 ADAMS RESEARCH
7369 SMITH RESEARCH
7788 SCOTT RESEARCH
47

"What's in it for me?"
48
"Qué hay para mi ahí dentro?"

1) unit testing
49
código de prueba de la unidad

SQL> select case
2 when d1.deptno is null then 'DELETE'
3 when d2.deptno is null then 'INSERT'
4 end action,
5 d1.deptno, d2.deptno, d1.dname, d1.loc
6 from DEPT d1 full outer join
7 DEPT AS OF TIMESTAMP '23-AUG-19 11.51.02 PM' d2
8 on d1.deptno = d2.deptno;
ACTION DEPTNO DEPTNO DNAME LOC
------ ---------- ---------- -------------- ----------
10 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
20 20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 30 SALES CHICAGO
DELETE 40
INSERT 50 MARKETING PERTH
50

2) not just your data
51
no solo tus datos

SQL> drop procedure debug_msg;
Procedure dropped.
SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select text
2 from dba_source
3 as of timestamp systimestamp - interval '5' minute
4 where name='DEBUG_MSG' order by line;
TEXT
---------------------------------------------------------------------
procedure debug_msg(m varchar2) is
begin
dbms_output.put_line(m);
dbms_application_info.set_client_info(m);
end;
5 rows selected.
52

3) functional diagnosis
53
diagnóstico funcional

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
10 UNKNOWN NEW YORK
SQL> select * from DEPT
2 as of TIMESTAMP SYSTIMESTAMP -
3 INTERVAL '20:00' MINUTE TO SECOND;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- -------------
1 change ?
10 changes ?

flashback row versions
55

SQL> SELECT deptno, dname
2 FROM dept
3 VERSIONS BETWEEN
4 TIMESTAMP SYSTIMESTAMP –
5 INTERVAL '20:00' MINUTE TO SECOND
6 AND SYSTIMESTAMP
7 WHERE deptno = 10;
DEPTNO DNAME
---------- --------------
10 ACCOUNTING
10 MONEY GRABBERS
10 FINANCE
10 BEAN COUNTERS
10 UNKNOWN
1 row
5 versions
56

versions_starttime
versions_startscn
versions_endtime
versions_endscn
versions_xid
versions_operation
57

SQL> SELECT deptno, dname,
2 VERSIONS_STARTTIME
3 ,VERSIONS_XID
4 ,VERSIONS_OPERATION
5 FROM dept
6 VERSIONS BETWEEN
7 TIMESTAMP SYSTIMESTAMP - INTERVAL '20:00' MINUTE TO SECOND
8 AND SYSTIMESTAMP
9 WHERE deptno = 10;
DEPTNO DNAME VERSIONS_STARTTIME VERSIONS_XID V
---------- -------------- ------------------------ ---------------- -
10 UNKNOWN 03-AUG-19 11.53.45 PM 0200100060040000 U
10 MONEY GRABBERS 03-AUG-19 11.53.36 PM 0600050065040000 U
10 FINANCE 03-AUG-19 11.53.24 PM 09000D001D050000 U
10 BEAN COUNTERS 03-AUG-19 11.53.12 PM 01001A00EA030000 U
10 ACCOUNTING
58

get everything ...
59
consigue todo ...

SQL> SELECT deptno, dname,
2 VERSIONS_STARTTIME
3 ,VERSIONS_XID
4 ,VERSIONS_OPERATION
5 FROM dept VERSIONS BETWEEN SCN MINVALUE AND MAXVALUE;
DEPTNO DNAME VERSIONS_STARTTIME VERSIONS_XID V
---------- -------------- ------------------------ ---------------- -
50 UNKNOWN 03-AUG-19 11.08.15 PM 04000700EA030000 U
30 UNKNOWN 03-AUG-19 11.08.15 PM 04000700EA030000 U
20 NERDS 03-AUG-19 11.07.57 PM 090016001D050000 U
20 R&D 03-AUG-19 11.07.48 PM 05000B0074040000 U
...

grant flashback to ...
61

session level
62
nivel de sesión

dbms_flashback.enable_at_time(systimestamp-1);
63

SQL> exec dbms_flashback.enable_at_time(
systimestamp-5/86400)
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> insert into T values (1);
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-08182:
operation not supported while in Flashback mode
64

SQL> exec dbms_flashback.disable;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-08184: attempting to re-enable Flashback while in Flashback
65

how far can you go back ?
66
hasta dónde puedes volver?

undo_retention
68

SQL> show parameter undo_retention
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------ ----------- --------
undo_retention integer 900
69
~

SQL> desc v$undostat
Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- ----------------
BEGIN_TIME DATE
END_TIME DATE
...
...
TUNED_UNDORETENTION NUMBER
CON_ID NUMBER
70

to go much much further
ir mucho más lejos

"no" spanning DDL
72
better each version
"no" que abarca DDL

rewind the data, not time
73
charactersets,
NLS etc
rebobinar los datos, no el tiempo

flashback
transaction
74

XID ?
76

SQL> desc V$TRANSACTION
Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- -------
XIDUSN NUMBER
XIDSLOT NUMBER
XIDSQN NUMBER
...
77

SQL> select XIDUSN, XIDSLOT, XIDSQN
2 from v$transaction
XIDUSN XIDSLOT XIDSQN
---------- ---------- ----------
1 31 674
SQL> select versions_xid from ...
VERSIONS_XID
-------------------
01 001F 00A202 0000
78

SQL> desc FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY
Name Null? Type
----------------------- -------- --------------
XID RAW(8)
START_SCN NUMBER
START_TIMESTAMP DATE
COMMIT_SCN NUMBER
COMMIT_TIMESTAMP DATE
LOGON_USER VARCHAR2(30)
UNDO_CHANGE# NUMBER
OPERATION VARCHAR2(32)
TABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(256)
TABLE_OWNER VARCHAR2(32)
ROW_ID VARCHAR2(19)
UNDO_SQL VARCHAR2(4000)
79

SQL> select DNAME from dept
2 where deptno = 10;
DNAME
-------
FINANCE
SQL> select xid, undo_sql
2 from flashback_transaction_query
3 where xid = hextoraw('09000d001d050000');
XID UNDO_SQL
---------------- ------------------------------------
09000D001D050000 update "SCOTT"."DEPT"
set "DNAME" = 'BEAN COUNTERS'
where ROWID = 'AAAQ+hAAEAAAAAOAAA';
80

be careful
81
ten cuidado

SQL> select text from dba_views
2 where view_name
3 = 'FLASHBACK_TRANSACTION_QUERY';
TEXT
------------------------------------------------
select
xid, start_scn, start_timestamp,
decode(commit_scn,
0, commit_scn,
281474976710655, NULL, commit_scn)
commit_scn, commit_timestamp,
logon_user, undo_change#, operation,
table_name, table_owner,
row_id, undo_sql
from SYS.X$KTUQQRY
82

do not query without predicates ...
83
no consultar sin predicados ...

do not forget hextoraw
84
no te olvides de hextoraw

3 where xid = hextoraw('09000d001d050000');
-----------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name |
-----------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | |
|* 1 | FIXED TABLE FIXED INDEX| X$KTUQQRY (ind:1) |
-----------------------------------------------------
86

3 where xid = '09000d001d050000';
--------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name |
--------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | |
| 1 | FIXED TABLE FULL| X$KTUQQRY |
--------------------------------------
87

UNDO_SQL
88

undo a committed transaction
89
deshacer una transacción comprometida

90

three words
91

delete
agggh...
commit

93

94

SQL> BEGIN
2 DBMS_FLASHBACK.TRANSACTION_BACKOUT(
3 numtxns=>1,
4 xids=>sys.xid_array('09000D001D050000')
5 );
6 END;
7 /
BEGIN
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-55510: Mining could not start
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_FLASHBACK", line 37
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_FLASHBACK", line 70
ORA-06512: at line 2
'09000D001D050000'
95

96

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD
2 SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA (PRIMARY KEY) COLUMNS;
Database altered.
97

SQL> delete from DEPT
2 where DEPTNO = 10;
1 row deleted.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> SELECT VERSIONS_XID
2 FROM dept
3 VERSIONS BETWEEN SCN MINVALUE AND MAXVALUE;
VERSIONS_XID
----------------
080017006C040000
98

SQL> BEGIN
2 DBMS_FLASHBACK.TRANSACTION_BACKOUT(
3 numtxns=>1,
4 xids=>sys.xid_array('080017006C040000')
5 );
6 END;
7 /
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- ----------
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
50 MARKETING PERTH
40 HR US
99

KEEP CALM
AND
DON'T PANIC

SQL> SELECT COMPENSATING_XID
2 FROM DBA_FLASHBACK_TXN_STATE
3 WHERE xid = '080017006C040000';
COMPENSATING_XID
----------------
03001C0072040000
101

SQL> SELECT xid_report
2 FROM DBA_FLASHBACK_TXN_REPORT
3 WHERE compensating_xid = '03001C0072040000';
XID_REPORT
--------------------------------------------------------
<COMP_XID_REPORT XID="03001C0072040000">
<TRANSACTION XID="080017006C040000">
<UNDO_SQL>
<USQL exec="yes">
insert into "SCOTT"."DEPT"("DEPTNO","DNAME","LOC")
values ('10','ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK')
</USQL>
</UNDO_SQL>
</TRANSACTION>
<EXECUTED_UNDO_SQL>
<EXEC_USQL>
insert into "SCOTT"."DEPT"("DEPTNO","DNAME","LOC")
values ('10','ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK')
</EXEC_USQL>
</EXECUTED_UNDO_SQL>
</COMP_XID_REPORT> 102

SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME LOC
---------- -------------- ----------
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
50 MARKETING PERTH
40 HR US
103

some typical restrictions
104
ddl, old lobs, xml
algunas restricciones típicas

flashback
drop
105

107

three words
two
108

drop
agggh...

SQL> desc EMP
ERROR:
ORA-04043: object EMP does not exist
110

111

"undrop"
113

not cool enough
114
no lo suficientemente genial

flashback table to before drop
115

SQL> desc USER_RECYCLEBIN
Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- --------------------
OBJECT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
ORIGINAL_NAME VARCHAR2(32)
OPERATION VARCHAR2(9)
TYPE VARCHAR2(25)
TS_NAME VARCHAR2(30)
CREATETIME VARCHAR2(19)
DROPTIME VARCHAR2(19)
DROPSCN NUMBER
PARTITION_NAME VARCHAR2(32)
CAN_UNDROP VARCHAR2(3)
CAN_PURGE VARCHAR2(3)
RELATED NOT NULL NUMBER
BASE_OBJECT NOT NULL NUMBER
PURGE_OBJECT NOT NULL NUMBER
SPACE NUMBER
117

SQL> select OBJECT_NAME, ORIGINAL_NAME,
2 CAN_UNDROP, CAN_PURGE
3 from USER_RECYCLEBIN;
OBJECT_NAME ORIGINAL_NAME CAN CAN
-------------------------------- ------------------- --- ---
BIN$CmYCdNcITL6hp9l266nskA==$0 PK_EMP NO YES
BIN$b/W75+c/Q/CeFMBIK7cXfw==$0 EMP YES YES
118

SQL> show RECYCLEBIN
119

indexes / constraints / triggers
... all renamed
todos renombrados

SQL> flashback table EMP to before drop;
Flashback complete.
121

SQL> flashback table EMP to before drop
2 rename to OLD_EMP;
Flashback complete.
122

indexes / constraints / triggers
... not renamed back
no renombrado de nuevo

how long ?
124
cuánto tiempo ?

1 second...
...10 years
125

SQL> PURGE RECYCLEBIN;
SQL> PURGE TABLE emp;
SQL> PURGE TABLE "BIN$xyWe0+q+SniItJ0pn/u54A==$0";
SQL> PURGE TABLESPACE user1;
SQL> PURGE INDEX "BIN$FTX34MN88J7==$0";
SQL> PURGE TABLESPACE user1 USER fred;
126

no untruncate
127

flashback
table
128

flashback table
130

SQL> FLASHBACK TABLE DEPT
2 TO TIMESTAMP TO_TIMESTAMP('2019-08-23 12:05:00')
131

"undrop"
132

133

repeatable tests without cleanup scripts
134
pruebas repetibles sin scripts de limpieza

deletes modified rows since SCN
inserts fresh rows as of SCN
... busy
elimina registros modificadas desde SCN
inserta registros nuevas a partir de SCN

SQL> FLASHBACK TABLE DEPT
2 TO TIMESTAMP TO_TIMESTAMP('2019-08-23 12:05:00')
3 ENABLE TRIGGERS;
136

rowid's change
... enable row movement
137

indexes existence unaffected
138
indexa la existencia no afectada

single transaction
139
... multiple tables allowed
transacción única

tables locked
140
mesas cerradas

R.I must still be valid
141
R.I todavía debe ser válido

statistics unchanged
142
estadísticas sin cambios

most DDL is a flashback boundary
143
la mayoría de DDL es un límite de flashback

SQL> flashback table DEPT to scn ...;
ORA-01466: unable to read data - table definition has changed
144

each version gets better
145
cada versión mejora

SQL> alter table DEPT add column XXX date;
SQL> desc DEPT
Name Null? Type
-------------------------- -------- --------------
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC VARCHAR2(13)
XXX DATE
146

ORA-08183: Flashback cannot be enabled in the middle
of a transaction
147

flashback
database
148

flashback database
151

SQL> alter database flashback on;
Database altered.
153

154
data
changes
"new" blocks
to disk
changes
to disk
"old" blocks
to disk
redo fbdadbwr

SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO '2:05PM'
155

SQL> create restore point OK_SO_FAR;
...
SQL> flashback database to restore point OK_SO_FAR;
156

what is the resource cost ?
157
Cuál es el costo de los recursos?

SQL> desc V$FLASHBACK_DATABASE_STAT
Name Null? Type
----------------------------- -------- ---------
BEGIN_TIME DATE
END_TIME DATE
FLASHBACK_DATA NUMBER
DB_DATA NUMBER
REDO_DATA NUMBER
ESTIMATED_FLASHBACK_SIZE NUMBER
158

a good compromise
162
un buen compromiso

guaranteed restore points
163
puntos de restauración garantizados

flashback logging "optional"
164

166

1) safer deployment
167
despliegue más seguro

scenario: "My New Application"
168
escenario: "Mi nueva aplicación"

9:00
9:40
9:45 SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE...
169
SQL> alter table ACCOUNTS ...

2) repeatable end to end testing
170
prueba repetible de extremo a extremo

171

12.2+
172

flashback pluggable database
173

3) production data for developers
174
datos de producción para desarrolladores

"hidden" example
175
ejemplo "oculto"

Data Guard
176

177
5:00am
11:30pm
standby recovery
convert to snapshot
revert to physical

flashback
data archive
182

less flashback, more archive
183

SQL> CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE longterm
2 TABLESPACE space_for_archive
3 RETENTION 1 YEAR;
Flashback archive created.
185

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP FLASHBACK ARCHIVE LONGTERM;
Table altered.
[lots of DML on EMP]
186

SQL> select * from EMP;
--------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |
--------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 14 | 518 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 14 | 518 |
--------------------------------------------------
187

SQL> select * from EMP
2 AS OF TIMESTAMP SYSDATE-1/24;
--------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |
--------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 14 | 518 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 14 | 518 |
--------------------------------------------------
188

3 days later...
189

SQL> select * from EMP
2 AS OF TIMESTAMP SYSDATE-3;
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows |
-----------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 446 |
| 1 | VIEW | | 446 |
| 2 | UNION-ALL | | |
|* 3 | FILTER | | |
| 4 | PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR| | 445 |
|* 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | SYS_FBA_HIST_69539 | 445 |
|* 6 | FILTER | | |
|* 7 | HASH JOIN OUTER | | 1 |
|* 8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP | 1 |
|* 9 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | SYS_FBA_TCRV_69539 | 14 |
------------------------------------------------------------------190

SQL> select table_name
2 from user_tables
3 /
TABLE_NAME
---------------------------
SYS_FBA_HIST_71036
SYS_FBA_TCRV_71036
SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_71036
EMP
191

SQL> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl(
2 'TABLE',
3 'SYS_FBA_TCRV_71036') from dual;
DDL
------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."SYS_FBA_TCRV_71036"
( "RID" VARCHAR2(4000),
"STARTSCN" NUMBER,
"ENDSCN" NUMBER,
"XID" RAW(8),
"OP" VARCHAR2(1)
)
SEGMENT CREATION IMMEDIATE
TABLESPACE "SPACE_FOR_ARCHIVE"
192

SQL> select dbms_metadata.get_ddl(
2 'TABLE',
3 'SYS_FBA_HIST_71036') from dual;
DDL
------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE "SCOTT"."SYS_FBA_HIST_71036"
( "RID" VARCHAR2(4000),
"STARTSCN" NUMBER,
"ENDSCN" NUMBER,
"XID" RAW(8),
"OPERATION" VARCHAR2(1),
"EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0), "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10),
"JOB" VARCHAR2(9), "MGR" NUMBER(4,0),
"HIREDATE" DATE, "SAL" NUMBER(7,2),
"COMM" NUMBER(7,2), "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0)
) COMPRESS FOR OLTP
TABLESPACE "SPACE_FOR_ARCHIVE"
PARTITION BY RANGE ("ENDSCN")
( PARTITION "HIGH_PART" VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE) )

196

"I don't care what EMP looked
like last March..."
197
"No me importa cómo se veía EMP
como el pasado marzo ... "

198
why talk about it ?
por qué hablar de eso?

199
SQL> select * from EMP AS OF "JUNE";
SQL> select * from EMP AS OF "MARCH";
SQL> select * from EMP AS OF "2pm Wednesday";
SQL> select * from EMP AS OF etc etc etc

200
every historical version...
cada versión histórica ...

201
... of every row
de cada fila

202
sound familiar ?
suena familiar ?

203
audit history
historial de auditoria

206
SQL> create or replace
2 trigger AUDIT_TRG
3 after insert or update or delete on T
4 for each row
5 declare
6 v_action varchar2(1) := case when updating
7 then 'U' when deleting then 'D' else 'I' end;
8 begin
9 if updating or inserting then
10 insert into T_AUDIT
11 values (sysdate
12 ,v_action
13 ,:new.owner
14 ,:new.object_name);
15 else
16 insert into T_AUDIT
17 values (sysdate
18 ,v_action
19 ,:old.owner
20 ,:old.object_name);
21 end if;
22 end;

a better, faster, robust version ...
209
una versión mejor, más rápida y robusta ...

210

SQL> select empno, ename, job, sal, comm,
2 nvl(VERSIONS_STARTTIME,LAST_MOD) TS
3 ,nvl(VERSIONS_OPERATION,'I') op
4 from EMP
5 versions between timestamp
6 timestamp '2019-02-11 20:12:00' and systimestamp
7 order by empno, ts;
EMPNO ENAME JOB SAL COMM TS O
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ------------ -
7369 SMITH CLERK 806 08.10.51 PM I
7369 SMITH SALES 8060 1000 08.12.10 PM U
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 1606 300000000 08.10.51 PM I
7521 WARD SALESMAN 1256 500000000 08.10.51 PM I
7566 JONES MANAGER 2981 08.10.51 PM I
...
7900 JAMES CLERK 956 08.10.51 PM I
7902 FORD ANALYST 3006 08.10.51 PM I
7934 MILLER CLERK 1306 08.10.51 PM I
7934 MILLER CLERK 1306 08.12.10 PM D
211

so why didn't we do it?
212
Entonces, por qué no lo hicimos?

separately licensed
218
licencia por separado

flashback data archive is now …
232

233
gratis!

this is not a typo
234
Esto no es un error tipográfico

basic versus advanced
235
básico versus avanzado

wrap up
259

all included in EE
262
todo incluido en EE

all cool for modern development
263
todo genial para el desarrollo moderno

Thank you!
youtube bit.ly/youtube-connor
blog bit.ly/blog-connor
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Gracias!
slideshare bit.ly/slideshare-connor

Latin America tour 2019 - Flashback

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Latin America tour 2019 - Flashback