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Layers-of-the-Earth-notes.ppt
- 1. The Layers ofthe Earth!
- 2. Earth Layers • TheEarth is divided into four main layers. *Crust *Mantle *Outer core *Inner core
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- 9. The Crust * TheEarth’s crust is the outermost surface. 5-100km *It is a very thin layer of solid rock. It is the thinnest layer of the Earth. *The crust is up to 32km thick –beneath the land -continental crust granite rocks(k ,Na, Al and si) • 8km thick beneath the oceans. Oceanic crust • Basalt rocks(iron silicon and magnesium) * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The movement of these plates causes earthquakes.
- 11. The Lithosphere • Thelithosphere is composed of part of the crust and the rigid uppermost part of the mantle (the top 100 km). • It is composed of hard, brittle rock
- 12. The Mantle • Themantle is the largest layer of the Earth. It is 2900km thick.(67%) • It is relatively flexible—it flows like very viscous liquid. • Contains silicon ,oxygen ,iron and magnesium • It is very hot—870°C at the top and 2200°C towards the center of the Earth. • Hot magma rises from here during volcanic eruption
- 13. Mantle. • 3 layers- •upper mantle (lower part of lithosphere) • Asthenoshere • lower mantle (mesosphere)
- 14. The Athenosphere * Theathenosphere is the upper part of the mantle . * It is made of molten rock and metal so that it “flows” • The asthenosphere is the part of the mantle that moves and causes the tectonic plates of the crust to move as well. • Broken pieces of crust are tectonic plates • Movt of tectonic plates causes earthquake
- 15. The Core * Thecore of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The core is divided into 2 layers—Outer and Inner. 33% * The core is SO hot and has SO much pressure that if you were to go there—you would be squished into something even smaller than a marble.
- 16. The Outer Core *The outer core is liquid iron and nickel. * It is very hot— 2200-5000°C. * The outer core is 2,250km thick.
- 17. The Inner Core *The inner core is solid metal due to the extreme heat and pressure. * It is composed of iron and nickel. It is responsible for the magnetic field the Earth generates. * The inner core is 1300km thick and is 5000°C.
- 18. Layer of Earth Physical layerWhat they are like Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mantle Core Mantle Mantle Mesosphere Outer Core Core Inner Core Solid and very rigid rock Hot and soft rock that flows slowly Thought to be solid rock, found in middle Pure liquid, very hot Solid and dense metal ball in center of the Earth
- 20. Review 1) What arethe four layers of the Earth? 2) The Earth’s crust is very ______? 3) The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth? True or False 4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid?
- 21. Answers! 1) Crust, Mantle,Outer Core, Inner Core 2) Thin 3) True 4) Liquid