Learning ASP.NET 5 and MVC 6
Download as PPTX, PDF19 likes6,487 views
This document provides an overview and introduction to ASP.NET 5 and MVC 6. It discusses the history of ASP.NET and outlines improvements in ASP.NET 5, including being cross-platform, modular, faster, and using NuGet packages. MVC 6 unifies MVC, Web API, and Web Pages and uses view components instead of child actions. Tag helpers generate markup and validation helpers are also introduced.
![Routing Template Improvements
Inline constraints
Product/{ProductId:long}
Product/{ProductName:alpha}
Product/{ProductName:minlength(10)}
Product/{productId:regex(^d{4}$)}
Optional parameters
Product/{productId:long?}
Default values
Product/{productId:long=1}
Available with MapRoute() and [Route()]
https://github.com/aspnet/Routing/tree/dev/src/
Microsoft.AspNet.Routing](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-38-320.jpg)
![Controllers â Two Birds, One Stone
API â similar, but different
UI â same as with MVC 5
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class ProductsController : Controller
{
[HttpGet("{id:int}")]
public Product GetProduct(int id)
{
return new Product() { ID = id };
}
}
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public IActionResult Index()
{
return View();
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-40-320.jpg)
![Actions â API with IActionResult
[HttpGet("{id:int}", Name = "GetByIdRoute")]
public IActionResult GetById (int id)
{
var item = _items.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == id);
if (item == null) { return HttpNotFound(); }
return new ObjectResult(item);
}
[HttpPost]
public IActionResult CreateTodoItem([FromBody] TodoItem item)
{
_items.Add(item);
return CreatedAtRoute(
"GetByIdRoute", new { id = item.Id }, item);
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-41-320.jpg)
![Content Negotiation
MVC still respects Accept headers
The XML formatter was removed from the MVC 6
pipeline
You can manually add it to the Formatters collection
Forcing a content-type:
Return a JsonResult
Use the [Produces("application/json")] attribute
Additional changes:
Actions returning string result in text/plain responses
Returning null/void â response will be HTTP 204 (no
content)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-43-320.jpg)
![Look Ma No Controller
Use the Controller suffix
Inject HTTP request, principal, and view data with:
Convention-based property injection
Constructor injection
public class SimpleController
{
[Activate]
public ActionContext ActionContext { get; set; }
[Activate]
public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; }
[Activate]
public IUrlHelper Url { get; set; }
public string Get()
{
return "Hello world";
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-46-320.jpg)
![Child Actions in MVC <6
Rendering partial views with controller logic
and model
Do not confuse with Html.Partial
@Html.Action("GetProductDetails", "Products", new { id = 1})
[ChildActionOnly]
public ActionResult GetProductDetails(int id)
{
var product = _repository.GetProduct(id);
return PartialView("ProductDetails", product);
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-48-320.jpg)
![View Components in MVC 6
//[ViewComponent(Name = "ProductDetails")]
public class ProductDetailsViewComponent : ViewComponent
{
private readonly IProductsRepository _repository;
public ProductDetailsViewComponent(IProductsRepository repository)
{
_repository = repository;
}
public IViewComponentResult Invoke(int id)
{
var product = _repository.GetProduct(id);
return View(product);
}
@Component.Invoke("ProductDetails", 1)
// Or as async, if InvokeAsync is implemented in the view component
@await Component.InvokeAsync("ProductDetails", 1)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/learningaspnet5-150617074330-lva1-app6892/85/Learning-ASP-NET-5-and-MVC-6-50-320.jpg)
Learning ASP.NET 5 and MVC 6
- 1. © Copyright SELA Software & Education Labs Ltd. | 14-18 Baruch Hirsch St Bnei Brak, 51202 Israel | www.selagroup.com Ido Flatow Getting to Know ASP.NET 5 and MVC 6
- 2. Agenda Introduction to ASP.NET 5 Whatâs new in ASP.NET 5 ASP.NET MVC 6
- 3. About Me Senior Architect, Sela Group Microsoft Regional Director, and an ASP.NET/IIS MVP Co-author of courses and books Focus on server, web, and cloud Manager of the Israeli Web Developers User Group
- 4. History of ASP (18 years) 1996 - Active Server Pages (ASP) 2002 â ASP.NET 2008 â ASP.NET MVC 2010 â ASP.NET Web Pages 2012 â ASP.NET Web API, SignalR 2014 â ASP.NET vNext
- 5. Current ASP.NET stack Windows Server IIS .NET Framework ASP.NET Web Forms MVC Web API System.Web HTTP Modules HTTP Handlers Request Pipeline Caching Session State
- 6. Problems with ASP.NET architecture Limited hosting possibilities (IIS only) Dependency on IIS environment (System.Web) Web evolves faster than .NET framework Requires full-blown .NET framework - resource intensive and not web-friendly Hard to optimize for lightweight high- performance apps
- 7. Introducing ASP.NET 5 stack OS .NET CLR ASP.NET Web API MVC Web Pages Host IIS Self-hosted .NET Core CLR Middleware
- 8. .NET 2015: High-Level Overview
- 10. .NET Core & App Models
- 11. Caution At the time of this presentation, we are using DNX-CLR-x86 1.0.0-beta4 (ASP.NET 5 beta 4) As things are moving really fast in this new world, itâs very likely that the things explained here will slightly change
- 12. ASP.NET 5 â Agility Faster Development Cycle Features are shipped as packages Framework ships as part of the application More Control Zero day security bugs patched by Microsoft Same code runs in development and production Developer opts into new versions, allowing breaking changes
- 13. ASP.NET 5 - Fast Runtime Performance Faster startup times Lower memory / higher density (> 90% reduction) Modular, opt into just features needed Use a raw socket, framework or both Development productivity and low friction Edit code and refresh browser Flexibility of dynamic environment with the power of .NET Develop with Visual Studio, third party and cloud editors
- 14. ASP.NET 5 â Cross Platform Runtime Windows, Mac, Linux Editors Visual Studio, Text, Cloud editors OmniSharp â Sublime, Emacs, Vi, etc. No editors (command line) All Open Source with Contributions
- 15. ASP.NET 5 Features New flexible and cross-platform runtime New modular HTTP request pipeline Robust environment configuration Unified programming model for MVC API See changes without re-building the project Side-by-side versioning of the .NET Framework Built in Dependency Injection Ability to self-host or host on IIS Open source in GitHub
- 16. File ï New Project ï Web Web App Class Lib? Console App?
- 19. Let's talk about OWIN Open Web Interface for .NET Community project (http://owin.org) Decouples application from server Enforces modularity of the server Stack of modules (middlewares) is processing the request from application to server Microsoft implementation of OWIN is "Katana"
- 20. OWIN Implementation Host Middleware Server Application Middleware Middleware Request Response Startup, bootstrapping, process management Manages sockets, delegates to middlewares Pass-through components stack Your code
- 21. ASP.NET 5 Middlewares Improved HTTP performance New HTTP request pipeline that is lean and fast The new pipeline also supports OWIN You choose what to use in your application By registering middlewares public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerfactory) { app.UseErrorHandler("/Home/Error"); app.UseStaticFiles(); app.UseIdentity(); app.UseMvc(routes => ...) }
- 22. Custom Middleware Create middleware class app.UseMiddleware<AppHeaderMiddleware>(); // Register before app.UseMvc(...); public class AppHeaderMiddleware { private readonly RequestDelegate next; public AppHeaderMiddleware(RequestDelegate next) { this.next = next; } public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context) { context.Response.Headers.Append( "X-Application", "ASP.NET 5 Sample App"); await this.next.Invoke(context); } } Register in Startup.cs (IApplicationBuilder)
- 23. Project.json
- 24. Package Management ASP.NET 5 introduces a new, lightweight way to manage dependencies in your projects No more assembly references Instead referencing NuGet packages project.json file
- 25. Structure of the "project.json" file Dependencies - lists all the dependencies of your application (NuGet, source files, etc.) Configuration - compilation settings (debug, release) Frameworks - target frameworks with their dependencies Sources - what should be compiled Web root - server root of the app Shared files - files shared with dependent projects Commands - commands available to âdnxâ Scripts - pre/post events to hook scripts to Metadata - general project information
- 26. Right-click ï (Project) Properties
- 28. Debugging without Roslyn Change the code C# Compiler invoked Load code in memory Execute the dll dll loaded in memory from File system Emits the dll in file system
- 29. Debugging with Roslyn Change the code Load code in memory Code is Executed in memory Roslyn compiles code in memory Time reduced from 7-8 second to 1-2 second
- 30. "Kâ / âDNXâ Command Line Tools KRE / DNX- Runtime Environment Engine that runs your application (compilation system, SDK tools, and the native CLR hosts) KVM / DNVM - Version Manager Tool for updating and installing different versions of KRE/DNX KPM / DNU- Package Manager Tool to restore and install (NuGet) packages needed by applications to run K / DNX Entry point to the runtime - starts the runtime with commands
- 31. OpenSource Runtime Loader IIS: WebEngine4 Exe: OS DNX Operating SystemWindows Windows, OSX, Linux Libraries Loose, GAC, Nuget NuGet, NPM, Bower App FrameworksFCL, GAC, NuGet NuGet Web ServerIIS IIS, HTTP.SYS, Kestrel Application HostSystem.Web DNX Platform Libraries.NET BCL & FCL .NET BCL & FCL .NET on Nuget Runtime.NET CLR .NET CLR .NET Core CLR Application MSBuild/CodeDom -> csc.exe DNX (Roslyn) Present vs. Future
- 32. © Copyright SELA Software & Education Labs Ltd. | 14-18 Baruch Hirsch St Bnei Brak, 51202 Israel | www.selagroup.com MVC 6
- 34. ASP.NET 5 with MVC 6
- 35. MVC + Web API + Web Pages = ASP.NET MVC 6!
- 36. ASP.NET MVC 6 No more duplication - one set of concepts Used for creating both UI and API Smooth transition from Web Pages to MVC Based on the new ASP.NET 5 pipeline Built DI first Runs on IIS or self-host
- 37. Getting Started with MVC 6 Startup.cs Project.json app.UseMvc(routes => { routes.MapRoute("default", "{controller}/{action}/{id?}", new { controller = "Home", action = "Index" }); }); app.UseServices(services => { services.addMvc(); }) "dependencies": { "Microsoft.AspNet.Server.IIS": "1.0.0-*", // Add this: "Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc": "6.0.0-*" }
- 38. Routing Template Improvements Inline constraints Product/{ProductId:long} Product/{ProductName:alpha} Product/{ProductName:minlength(10)} Product/{productId:regex(^d{4}$)} Optional parameters Product/{productId:long?} Default values Product/{productId:long=1} Available with MapRoute() and [Route()] https://github.com/aspnet/Routing/tree/dev/src/ Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
- 39. Where is the Web API Configuration? Route configuration -> attribute-based routing Message handlers -> middleware pipeline Filters and Formatters -> startup.cs app.UseServices(services => { services.Configure<MvcOptions>(options => { options.AddXmlDataContractSerializerFormatter(); options.Filters.Add(new ValidatorFilterAttribute()); }); }
- 40. Controllers â Two Birds, One Stone API â similar, but different UI â same as with MVC 5 [Route("api/[controller]")] public class ProductsController : Controller { [HttpGet("{id:int}")] public Product GetProduct(int id) { return new Product() { ID = id }; } } public class HomeController : Controller { public IActionResult Index() { return View(); } }
- 41. Actions â API with IActionResult [HttpGet("{id:int}", Name = "GetByIdRoute")] public IActionResult GetById (int id) { var item = _items.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == id); if (item == null) { return HttpNotFound(); } return new ObjectResult(item); } [HttpPost] public IActionResult CreateTodoItem([FromBody] TodoItem item) { _items.Add(item); return CreatedAtRoute( "GetByIdRoute", new { id = item.Id }, item); }
- 42. IActionResult for UI and API https://github.com/aspnet/Mvc/tree/dev/src/ Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc.Core/ActionResults UI API PartialViewResult BadRequestResult RedirectResult ContentResult ViewResult CreatedAtRouteResult JsonResult HttpStatusCodeResult JsonResult ObjectResult ChallengeResult HttpNotFoundResult FileContentResult
- 43. Content Negotiation MVC still respects Accept headers The XML formatter was removed from the MVC 6 pipeline You can manually add it to the Formatters collection Forcing a content-type: Return a JsonResult Use the [Produces("application/json")] attribute Additional changes: Actions returning string result in text/plain responses Returning null/void â response will be HTTP 204 (no content)
- 44. Last Controller Goodie - DI Dependency Injection and MVC ASP.NET 5 is DI-friendly Basic DI container available throughout the stack BYOC is also supported (already implemented for Autofac, Ninject, StructureMap, Unity, and Windsor) Out-of-the-box container supports Singleton / Instance â single instance Transient â new instance each time Scoped â new instance per request https://github.com/aspnet/DependencyInjection/tree /dev/src
- 45. Last Controller Goodie - DI public class ProductsController : Controller { private readonly IProductsRepository _repository; public ProductsController(IProductsRepository repository) { this._repository = repository; } public IActionResult Index() { var products = _repository.GetAllProducts(); return View(products); } } app.UseServices(services => { services.AddTransient<IProductsRepository, DefaultProductsRepository>(); });
- 46. Look Ma No Controller Use the Controller suffix Inject HTTP request, principal, and view data with: Convention-based property injection Constructor injection public class SimpleController { [Activate] public ActionContext ActionContext { get; set; } [Activate] public ViewDataDictionary ViewData { get; set; } [Activate] public IUrlHelper Url { get; set; } public string Get() { return "Hello world"; } }
- 47. Enough with Controllers, What About MVC Views? Oh, right!
- 48. Child Actions in MVC <6 Rendering partial views with controller logic and model Do not confuse with Html.Partial @Html.Action("GetProductDetails", "Products", new { id = 1}) [ChildActionOnly] public ActionResult GetProductDetails(int id) { var product = _repository.GetProduct(id); return PartialView("ProductDetails", product); }
- 49. Child Actions in MVC 6 So whatâs the problem? Part of a controller, but invoked from a view Controller flow must distinguish between HTTP calls and view calls Pattern lacks an asynchronous invocation Solution? Replace child actions with View Components Same partial views, but declared in a separate class Think of it as a âmini-controllerâ Supports the same DI and POCO features as a controller Implement actions as synchronous or asynchronous
- 50. View Components in MVC 6 //[ViewComponent(Name = "ProductDetails")] public class ProductDetailsViewComponent : ViewComponent { private readonly IProductsRepository _repository; public ProductDetailsViewComponent(IProductsRepository repository) { _repository = repository; } public IViewComponentResult Invoke(int id) { var product = _repository.GetProduct(id); return View(product); } @Component.Invoke("ProductDetails", 1) // Or as async, if InvokeAsync is implemented in the view component @await Component.InvokeAsync("ProductDetails", 1)
- 51. And the Partial View? Create a default.cshtml file (content structured similar as with MVC <6) Place file in: Controller-specific: Views/{controller}/Components/ProductDetails/Default.cshtml Shared: Views/Shared/Components/ProductDetails/Default.cshtml Customizing view name is supported Create a file other than Default.cshtml Return View(viewName, model)
- 52. Injecting Services to Views Preferable than using static classes/methods Use interfaces instead of concrete types Register in IoC using different lifecycles public class CatalogService : ICatalogService { public async Task<int> GetTotalProducts() {...} // From ICatalogService } @inject MyApp.Services.ICatalogService Catalog <html> <body> <h3>Number of products in the catalog</h3> @await Catalog.GetTotalProducts() </body> </html> services.AddTransient<ICatalogService, CatalogService>();
- 53. Last, but not Least, Tag Helpers Do this: Ah? Whatâs that? Instead of doing this: <form asp-anti-forgery="true" asp-action="UpdateProduct"> ⊠</form> using (Html.BeginForm("UpdateProduct", "Products", FormMethod.Post)) { @Html.AntiForgeryToken() ⊠} Itâs the return of Web Controls, NOOOOOO!!!
- 54. Tag Helpers are not Evil Tag Helpers generate markup only within their enclosing tag Less Razor/HTML mess in the .cshtml file JavaScript directive style approach Use C# to better construct the markup Add/remove parts from the inner content Generate complex HTML (recursive, nested, âŠ) Cache the output
- 55. Existing Tag Helpers HTML elements <a>, <form>, <input>, <label>, <link>, <script>, <select>, <textarea> Logical <cache> Placeholders ValidationSummary (<div>), ValidationMessage (<span>) You can create your own Tag Helpers Check out the source for reference https://github.com/aspnet/Mvc/tree/dev/src/Micros oft.AspNet.Mvc.TagHelpers
- 56. Key Improvements in ASP.NET 5 Totally modular NuGet is first-class citizen in ASP.NET 5 Everything is a package Lightweight - you use minumum set of modules Faster startup, lower memory (>90%) Does not require .NET Framework installation - runtime environment (CLR) can be deployed with your application
- 57. Key Improvements in ASP.NET 5 Cross platform - can be hosted anywhere: IIS, self-hosted, Linux, MAC... Web Forms are left aside for now Better developer experience No-compile debugging with Roslyn, MVC unified programming model, basic DI out-of-the-box... Everything is open-source Architecture is OWIN based
- 58. Getting Started with ASP.NET 5 Ships with Visual Studio 2015 Walkthroughs and samples at http://asp.net/vnext Documentation at http://docs.asp.net/en/latest Get the code from http://github.com/aspnet Read blogs at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webdev Try out a nightly build from MyGet https://www.myget.org/F/aspnetvnext My Info [email protected] @idoFlatow http://bit.ly/flatowblog