Lecture 01 concept of computer system
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This document provides an overview of computer components and software. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can accept data as input, manipulate it according to programmed rules, produce output from that processing, and store results. The central processing unit (CPU) contains a control unit that interprets instructions and an arithmetic logic unit that performs logical and arithmetic processes. Input and output devices allow entering and presenting data. Primary storage like RAM stores active data and software, while secondary storage like hard disks store inactive data. The document outlines types of computer systems and peripherals, input and output technologies, and categories of system and application software.
Lecture 01 concept of computer system
- 1. Presented by: Dr. Akhlas Ahmed Preston University
- 2. An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory unit, that can accept data (input), manipulate the data according to specified rules (process), produce information (output) from the processing, and store the results for future use.
- 3. Central Processing Unit (CPU) Control Unit Input Data Primary Storage Unit Output Data Arithmetic and Logic Unit Registers Secondary Storage Unit
- 4. Any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses into a computer Includes – Keyboard Mouse Optical Scanner Touch Screen, so on
- 5. The processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), has subdivided into two major subunits • The control unit interprets the instructions • The arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) performs the logical and arithmetic processes
- 6. Converts the electronic information produced by the processor into human-intelligible form for presentation to end users. Includes – Video Display Unit Printer Audio Response Unit
- 7. Stores data and software instructions needed for processing. Primary Storage Unit – RAM & ROM Secondary Storage Unit – Floppy disk, or diskette Compact Disc CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM DVDs – DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM Flash disk/USB drive Hard disk ( non removable) Cache Memory for high speed – Storage circuitry stores temporary instructions and data elements
- 8. 1. TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS • Microcomputer systems •Personal computers, PDA’s, workstations etc. • Midrange systems •Network or Web servers, Multi-user systems etc. • Mainframe systems •Enterprise systems, Super servers, Transaction Processors etc.
- 9. 2. PERIPHERALS •Monitors •Printers •Scanners •Hard Disk Drives •CD & DVD (Dissociated Vertical Deviation) Drives •Backup Systems
- 10. 3. INPUT TECHNOLOGIES •Pointing Devices •Pen based Computing •Speech Recognition System •Optical scanning •Magnetic stripe •Smart Cards
- 11. 4. OUTPUT TECHNOLOGIES •Video Output •Printed Output •Storage •Magnetic Disks •Floppy disks •Hard disk drives •Magnetic Tape •Optical Disks
- 12. Is the general term for various kinds of programs used to operate and manipulate computers and their peripheral devices.
- 13. TYPES OF SOFTWARE •Application Software: performs information processing tasks for end users. •General purpose application programs •Application specific programs (custom software) •System Software: manages and supports operations of computer systems and networks. •System management programs. •System development programs.
- 14. Application Software Business application software Software suites Web browsers Electronic mail & Instant messaging Word processing DTP (Desktop Publishing) Electronic spreadsheets Presentation graphics Personal information managers Groupware
- 15. System software System management programs: Programs that manage the hardware, software, network and data resources of computer systems during the execution of information processing jobs of the user. E.g. Operating system, DBMS etc. System development program: Programs that help users develop information system programs and procedures and prepare user programs for computer processing. E.g. Programming language translators & editors, CASE (computer aided software engineering)
- 16. Computer software Performs information processing tasks for end users Manages & supports operations of computer systems and networks Application software General purpose application programs Word processor, Spreadsheet Web browsers Applicationspecific programs CRM, ERP, E- commerce System software System development programs CASE packages, Programming editors & tools System management programs OS, DBMS, Application servers
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