Lecture 07 new1
- 1. IS 410: Human Computer InteractionIS 410: Human Computer Interaction Lecture 7:Lecture 7: PrototypingPrototyping
- 2. Design Process ā¢ Two types of design: ā conceptual ā developing conceptual model, captures what the product will do and how it will behave ā physical ā details of the design, e.g. screen, icons, graphics, menus ā¢ To effectively evaluate the design of an interactive product, we must produce and interactive versions of the design
- 3. Prototype ā¢ A limited representation of a design that allows users to interact with it and to explore its suitability ā¢ Allows stakeholders to interact with the envisioned/planned product, gain some experience of using and explore imagined uses ā E.g. paper-based storyboards of a system, cardboard mockup for a desktop laser printer, hyperlinked screens ā E.g. PalmPilotās founder Jeff Hawkin, carry a carved wood about the shape and size of the device to simulate scenarios of use.
- 4. Why prototype ļCommunication device among team members ļTest out technical feasibility of an idea ļEffective way for user testing/evaluation ļClarifying vague requirements ļCheck if the design direction is compatible with the rest of the system development Recommended in software design, to come before any writing of code
- 6. ļThe prototype only retains limited characteristics of the final product ļThey are cheap and quick to produce - they support the exploration of alternative designs (multiple iterations), can re-design at lower cost ļThey are particularly good for: ļConsidering early design issues, e.g. layout of controls and display items, sequencing, etc. ļIdentifying fundamental problems, i.e. those which lead to errors, confusions, major dislikes Low-fidelity prototyping
- 7. ļStoryboarding ļSeries of sketches showing how a user might progress through a task using the device being developed ļOften based on scenarios - typical activities ļinvolving the product/system in a story form, e.g. āa patron wants to purchase Harry Potter movie ticket from the cinema, he uses his mobile phone to make the booking while he is on the busā Low-fidelity prototyping - examples
- 8. ļIndex Card/Stickies ļEach card/sticky represents an element of a task, one screen or a screen element ļUsed in user evaluations where a member of the design team āplays the computerā ļDifficulties encountered are observed and/or recorded Low-fidelity prototyping
- 9. ļAdvantages ļLower cost ļEvaluate multiple design concepts ļUseful communication device ļDisadvantages ļLimited error/usability checking ļFacilitator driven ļNavigational and flow limitations Low-fidelity prototyping
- 10. ļRetains many of the characteristics of the final product ļTime consuming and expensive to develop, however: ļEnable a wider range of usability issues/ problems to be considered/uncovered ļEnable other quality attributes such as aesthetics to be evaluated ļImpress management, serve as a good marketing and sales tool ļA range of materials may be employed ļVery useful when the physical fit/feel of the product is critical, e.g. a handheld device, a wearable device High-fidelity prototyping
- 11. ļSoftware prototyping ļComputer-based mock-ups of interface enabling sophisticated user-system interactions ļVariety of prototyping tools exist to support developers with differing levels of fidelity, e.g. ļMS PowerPoint ļAuthorware ļMacromedia Flash ļMacromedia Director High-fidelity prototyping
- 12. ļAdvantages ļComplete functionality, look and feel of final product ļFully interactive ļUser-driven ļMarketing/sales tools ļDisadvantages ļExpensive to develop ļTime-consuming to create High-fidelity prototyping
- 13. (Hall, 2001) Comparing prototyping