Lecture 2- terminology

Lecture 2- terminology

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  Internet Technology Saman M.Almufti Lecture 2
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  Internet Terminol ogy Internet
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  Internet Terminology WWW Generally thereare many terms that are widely used in internet. Protocol Domain FTP TCP/IP HTTP URL Hyper Link Firewall DNS Server Internet SMTP Cookie Bandwidth Bookmark ISP Basic Internet Terminologies Host Port
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  Protocol IP TCP Domain Protocol A protocol isa set of rules for formatting and processing data. Network (internet) protocols are like a common language for computers. The computers within a network may use vastly different software and hardware; however, the use of protocols enables them to communicate with each other Internet Protocol IP is the address system of the Internet and has the core function of delivering packets of information from a source device to a target device. IP is the primary way in which network connections are made Transmission Control Protocol a communications protocol that facilitates the exchange of messages between computing devices in a network. TCP takes messages from an application/server and divides them into packets, which can then be forwarded by the devices in the network to the destination. TCP numbers each packet and reassembles them prior to handing them off to the application/server recipient. Domain name A domain is a name that identifies IP addresses on the internet. Domain names are used to identify web pages. For example, in the (http://web.nawroz.edu.krd/colleges/college-of- computer--it/), the domain name is (Nawroz) InternetTerminology WWW World Wide Web is a collection of data stored and shared in the digital space. This collection of information form and connect into websites and divides into web pages. Tim Bernes-Lee invented www in 1989 - 1991.
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  FTP HTTP URL Server ISP File Transfer Protocol Isa Protocol of transferring files between two computers on the Internet. To access, upload or download information on a server computer (or a computer that accesses a server computer), FTP software makes the information access or transfer possible. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol It is the data communication standard of web pages. the Communication between client computers and web servers is done by sending HTTP Requests and receiving HTTP Responses Uniform Resource Locator Is a web address used to connect to a remote resource on the world wide web. For example: https://www.google.com Server Web servers are computers that deliver (serves up) Web pages. Every Web server has an IP address and possibly a domain name. Internet Service Provider company that provides Internet connections and services to individuals and organizations InternetTerminology DNS Domain Name System DNS is a large database of domain names and their correspondent Internet (IP Addresses) for example: www.google.com corresponds to it's unique number 172.217.169.142
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  Cookie Bookmark Host SMTP Cookie is a smallpiece of data stored on the user's computer by the web browser while browsing a website. Cookies were designed to be a reliable mechanism for websites to remember stateful information (such as items added in the shopping cart in an online store) or to record the user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, or recording which pages were visited in the past). They can also be used to remember pieces of information that the user previously entered into form fields, such as names, addresses, passwords, and payment card numbers. Bookmark is an Internet browser feature used to mark web pages for quick, easy future reference. Host A Network Host is usually a computer or any device that connects to a computer network. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is an Internet standard for email transmission used by mail servers both to send and receive email InternetTerminology Hyper Link Hyper Link An element in an electronic document that links to another place in the same document or to an entirely different document. Typically, you click on the hyperlink to follow the link. Hyperlinks are the most essential ingredient of all hypertext systems, including the World Wide Web.
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  Download Upload Home page Firewall Download The termis often used to describe the process of copying a file from an online server (website, email…) to your computer. Upload To copy a file from your local computer to a server or host system Homepage A Homepage is the main page of a particular website. Usually, this is the first page you see when you open a website. Firewall a firewall consists of software or hardware that protects a computer from hackers and viruses. It is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. InternetTerminology Bandwidth Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transferred from one point to another within a network in a specific amount of time. It is measured in bits per second.