Scratch Lesson 1 – Basics
74 likes30,626 views
The document provides an overview of the Scratch programming environment and its basic features, including sprites, costumes, scripts, blocks, and sounds. It walks through creating a simple script to make a sprite move, play notes, and say "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" while switching costumes, with instructions to finish and save the project as an assignment.
More Related Content
Similar to Scratch Lesson 1 – Basics (20)
Scratch Lesson 1 – Basics
- 1. David Scott Oromaner Touro College Instructor: Dr. Issac Herskowitz EDIT 692 Scratch 1.4 Lesson1 - The Basics
- 2. What’s Scratch? Scratch has been developed by a small team of researchers in the Lifelong Kindergarten Group at the MIT media lab. Funded by the National Science Foundation, Microsoft, Intel Foundation, Nokia, and the MIT Media Lab research consortia.
- 3. Basic Ingredients of a Scratch Project Projects are made up of objects called sprites . You can change how a sprite looks by utilizing costumes or you can create your own sprites from scratch using the Paint Editor. You can give instructions to a sprite, telling it to move or play music or react to other sprites. To tell a sprite what to do, you snap together graphic blocks into stacks, called scripts. When you click on a script, Scratch runs the blocks from the top of the script to the bottom. Source: http://info.scratch.mit.edu/Support/Reference_Guide_1.4
- 4. Open Scratch – Let’s take a look Double click scratch.exe icon located on your desktop.
- 5. First Look
- 7. The Stage The Stage is where your stories, games, and animations come to life. Sprites move and interact with one another on the Stage. The Stage is 480 units wide and 360 units tall. It is divided into an x-y grid. The middle of the Stage has an x-coordinate of 0 and a y-coordinate of 0.
- 8. The Stage To find out x-y positions on the Stage, move the mouse (cursor) around and look at the mouse x-y display just below the Stage.
- 9. View Modes Click the View Mode buttons to switch between small and large stage view. You can use small stage view to display Scratch on small screens or to expand the Scripts Area. Click the Presentation Mode button when you want to present your project. To exit Presentation Mode, press the Esc key.
- 10. New Sprites When you start a new Scratch project, it begins with a single cat sprite. To create new sprites, click on these buttons: Paint your own sprite using paint editor Select a costume for a new sprite – or import a sprite. Get a surprise sprite. If you want to delete a sprite, select the scissors from the Toolbar and click on the sprite. Or right-click (Mac: Ctrl+click) on the sprite and select delete from the pop-up menu.
- 11. Sprite List The Sprite List displays thumbnails for all sprites in a project. The name of each sprite appears below its thumbnail. To see and edit a sprite’s scripts, costumes, and sounds, click on the sprite’s thumbnail in the Sprite List – or double-click on the sprite itself on the Stage. (The selected sprite is highlighted and outlined in blue in the Sprite List.)
- 12. Sprite List To see and edit a sprite’s scripts, costumes, and sounds, click on the sprite’s thumbnail in the Sprite List – or double-click on the sprite itself on the Stage. (The selected sprite is highlighted and outlined in blue in the Sprite List.) To show, export, duplicate, or delete a sprite, right-click (Mac: Ctrl+click) on the sprite’s thumbnail in the Sprite List. You can rearrange the sprites in the Sprite List by dragging the thumbnails.
- 13. Blocks, Palette and Scripts Area To program a sprite, drag blocks from the Blocks Palette to the Scripts Area. To run a block, click on it. Create scripts (programs) by snapping blocks together into stacks. Click anywhere on the stack to run the whole script, from top to bottom. To find out what a block does, right-click (Mac: Ctrl+click) on it, then select help from the pop-up menu. When you drag a block around the Scripts Area, a white highlight indicates where you can drop the block and form a valid connection with another block. To move a stack, pick it up from the top block. If you drag out a block from the middle of a stack, all of the blocks beneath it will come along with it. To copy a stack of blocks from one sprite to another, drag the stack to the thumbnail of the other sprite in the Sprite List.
- 14. Costumes Click the Costumes tab to see and edit the sprite’s costumes.
- 15. Costumes There are four ways to create new costumes: Click to paint a new costume Click to import a file Click to take photos from a webcam (built into or connected to your computer). Drag in one or more images from the web or your desktop. Scratch recognizes many image formats: JPG, BMP, PNG, GIF (including animated GIF).
- 16. Costumes Each costume has a costume number (displayed to its left). You can rearrange the order of the costumes by dragging the thumbnails. The costume numbers update if you change their order. Right-click (Mac: Ctrl+click) on a costume thumbnail to convert the costume into a new sprite, or to export a copy of the costume as a separate file. To create your own animation you add additional costumes in model sequence. We will experiment with this technique in lesson 2.
- 17. Sounds Click the sounds tab to see the sprites sounds. You can record new sounds or import sound files. Scratch can read MP3 files and uncompressed WAV, AIF, and AU files (encoded with 8-bits or 16-bits per sample, but not 24-bits per sample).
- 18. Current Sprite Info Current Sprite Info shows a sprite’s name, x-y position, direction, lock state, and pen state. The sprite’s direction indicates which direction the sprite will move when it runs a move block (0=up, 90=right, 180=down, -90=left). The blue line on the thumbnail shows the sprite’s direction. Drag this line to change the sprite’s direction. Double-click on the sprite to set the direction back to its original state (direction=90).
- 19. Current Sprite Info – Lock State Click the Lock to change the sprite’s lock state. Click on presentation mode . An unlocked sprite can now be dragged in presentation mode.
- 20. Current Sprite Info – Pen Color You can see the current pen color (next to the lock) when the pen is down.
- 21. Current Sprite Info - Rotation Style The Rotation Style buttons control how the costume appears as the sprite changes its direction. Rotate: The costume rotates as the sprite changes direction. Left-right flip: The costume faces either left or right. No-rotate: The costume never rotates (even as the sprite changes direction).
- 22. Let’s Move Click and drag move block into the scripts area
- 23. Let’s Make Some Noise Click and drag play note block under move . Change note to 48
- 24. Let’s Make Some Noise Repeat the sequence by right clicking over any block and choosing “duplicate” Place the duplicate under the original
- 25. Say Something Click and drag “ say hello for 2 secs ” block to end of script. Change to Twinkle Change to .5
- 26. Say Something Repeat sequence by right clicking over any block and choosing “duplicate” Change the third and fourth play note block to 55 as shown below.
- 27. Animate Click and drag “ switch to costume2 ” under first and third play note blocks. Change the second switch to Costume1.
- 28. Repeat Click and drag to expand around the entire script.
- 29. Start with Green Flag Drag to top of script to start using the green flag.
- 30. Run Script
- 31. Bounce Sprite In order to bounce sprite off the edge of the stage click on then drag if on edge, bounce to the bottom of the script.
- 32. Class assignment Finish Twinkle Twinkle Little Star script. Save project as student name_scratch_assignment1 in your network folder.