Liberty brew ladder
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The document summarizes key events that increased tensions between the British colonies in America and Britain in the late 18th century. It describes colonial responses to British actions like the Stamp Act and Intolerable Acts that taxed the colonies without representation. This led colonists to organize boycotts, publish propaganda, and hold the First Continental Congress to defend their rights as English citizens against perceived violations by the British government.
Liberty brew ladder
- 1. Liberty Brew Ladder British Actions lead to . . . Colonial Response!!!
- 2. Writs of Assistance Legal Document which allowed British naval officers to inspect colonial ship (to check for smuggled goods). The British did not need to have any reason at all to search. Response: They said Writs violated their rights to privacy as British citizens
- 3. Proclamation of 1763 British barred the settlement of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains Colonial Response : Anger after just having fought the war Prevented some from moving west, others moved West anyway
- 5. Sugar Act, 1764 Tax on molasses and sugar (from Triangular Trade) British actually lowered the tax, but it was enforced for the first time. Smugglers were put on trial without juries (a group of their peers-single person decided) Colonial Reaction: Taxation without representation is wrong! Trial without juries is wrong! –Against their Brit. Rights
- 6. Stamp Act, 1765 Required revenue stamps to be put on all publications and legal documents (newspapers, wills, marriage papers, etc Colonial Response Organized Stamp Act Congress:fought the tax, Sons of liberty: they boycotted British goods
- 9. Declaratory Act, 1766 Claimed the British could make laws and raise taxes whenever they wanted Reaction: Not much. Stamp Act was just repealed(overturned), so they didn’t notice this act.
- 10. Quartering Act, 1765 Required the colonist to quarter (only feed) British troops in America. Reaction: New Yorkers refused, Bostonians grew more upset
- 11. Townshend Act, 1767 Tax on tea, glass, lead, paper, and silk Allowed writs of assistance Reaction : Colonists signed non-importation agreements-stop importing goods from Eng. that were taxed by Townshend Acts.
- 12. Boston Massacre, 1770 March 5, 1770 Snowballs and rocks thrown at British soldiers Unknown person shouted “Fire” 5 colonists were killed Crispus Attucks, former slave, first to die for liberty
- 13. Boston Massacre cont’d Sam Adams publicizes it with propaganda (using the press to prove or exaggerate a point of view)-calls it a massacre of innocent victims-was actually fault on both sides Paul Revere prints an engraving showing unarmed men and women being fired upon (and even a little puppy dog ) John Adams, a lawyer, defends the British troops Saying the most imp. idea was for the colonists to uphold the rule of law and avoid mob rule.
- 15. Reaction to Boston Massacre Colonists Propaganda British respond by repealing the most of the Townshend Acts, but left the tax on tea.
- 16. Tea Act, 1773 Removed taxes paid by the British East India Company (had 15 million pounds of extra tea) Let BEIC sell directly to colonist-cut out the colonial merchant middleman-colonial business lost huge money, even though the tea was actually cheaper
- 17. Colonial Response: Boston Tea Party December 16, 1773: 60 members of the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Mohawk Native Americans and threw 342 chests of tea overboard on three different ships-a social, economic and political act
- 19. Intolerable Acts, 1774 Britain reacts to the Boston Tea Party: Closes the port of Boston Town meetings could only be held once a year British officials committing crimes in the colonies would be tried in Great Britain, where they would find a more friendly environment Stronger Quartering Act-now had to house soldiers as well as feed them
- 21. Continental Congress, 1774 Responded to Intolerable Acts by: Forming an association to boycott British trade Declaring Intolerable Acts unconstitutional Claimed their liberties as Englishmen had been violated Urged each colony to form a militia (an army of citizens)
- 22. To be continued . . .