LibrariesLibraries
in thein the
Teeth ofTeeth of
ChangeChange
NYLA
-
October 2015
Four parts
1. Education
contexts
2. Technolog
y
3. Education
meets
technolog
y
3
Not a
librarian,
but a
shameless
fanboy
4
ETH Zurich: “new ways to write [to] and read DNA”
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/physics/reed-solomon-codes/
How to get at the future whileHow to get at the future while
avoiding Black Swans?avoiding Black Swans?
 Monthly
environmental
scan report
 Trends
identified,
tested,
projected
Part 1: present future trendsPart 1: present future trends
Education contexts: trendsEducation contexts: trends
Education systems
 Reform movements (K-12, higher
ed) continue
 Rising student debt ($1.3 trillion)
 Alternative certification pilots
(competency, badges)
Global higher educationGlobal higher education
 More international students
heading to the US
 International higher ed systems
building up
 US campuses expanding
overseas presence
Contextual trendsContextual trends
Demographics:
 Youth population shrinkage,
esp. NE + midwest
 Ballooning senior
population…
Racial transformationRacial transformation
Education contextsEducation contexts
Economics: US labor changes
› manufacturing->service
› 1 job/career->many gigs
› declining participation
› Automation rising
Top and bottom vs middleTop and bottom vs middle
Enrollment changesEnrollment changes
 Spending less
 Swirling
Student populationStudent population
changeschanges
 Majority adult
 Increasing first-
generation
students
 Veterans
 Learning
disabilities
18https://www.flickr.com/photos/un_photo/6708914025/
Enrollment decline?Enrollment decline?
 Spending less per family
Education trendsEducation trends
Adjunctification rising
Bad forecastingBad forecasting
 Inter-institutional
collaboration (except
SUNY)
 Senior admin
compensation
 Intergenerational strife
Athletics are doing just fineAthletics are doing just fine
Technology trendsTechnology trends
 Rise of
the stacks
 Post-
Snowden
 Hardware
+
networks:
multiple
ecosystems
 Digitizatio
Technology trendsTechnology trends
 digital
video
 cloud
migration
continues
 automation
and
artificial
intelligence
 AR
approach
New device ecosystemNew device ecosystem
 Android battles iOS
 Wearable computing
 Very small cameras and
computers
 Internet of Things
Technology ecosystemTechnology ecosystem
Design for mobile *first *
 PCs getting
crowded out
 Mouse and
keyboard
declining
 3d printing
mainstreaming
 3d tv dying
Technology trendsTechnology trends
social media triumphing
3d printing3d printing
https://www.flickr.com/photos/collegeofsanmateolibrary/15373589050/
Away from physical mediaAway from physical media
Technology trendsTechnology trends
 crowdfunding growing
 copyright battles continue
 open struggle ongoing
 durability of Moore’s Law
 office versus Web office
Did ebooks plateau?Did ebooks plateau?
Nicholas Carr, linked http://bryanalexander.org/2013/08/15/have-ebooks-plateaued/
Reading and/versus digitalReading and/versus digital
 How much reading is
being done?
 How is digital reading
different?
 Literacies changing?
Weaker tech trendlinesWeaker tech trendlines
 the limits of the Web
 onshoring hardware
production
3. Teaching and learning and tech3. Teaching and learning and tech
Teaching and learning and techTeaching and learning and tech
 blended/flipped
classroom
 rise of the net.generation
 distance learning grows
 gaming in education
Teaching and learning and techTeaching and learning and tech
 educational
entrepreneurship
 big data and data analytics
develop
 campus digital security
threats growing
 Uses of social
media
 Uses of Web
video
 Changes in the
LMS world
 Blended
learning
 Learning
analytics
 Changes in
library role
 Digital
humanities (in
classroom)
 The rise of the
Maker movement
 Credit for MOOCs
 STEM vs humanities
 Sustainability?
 xMOOC vs cMOOC
 Liberal arts campuses
entering
Changes in scholarshipChanges in scholarship
 Open content
 Possible divide growing
between research and teaching
 Changes to the scholarly
publication ecosystem
 Rise of the digital humanities (as
scholarly work)
 The library role
Extrapolations:
 Transnational
campuses
 Average student
age: 40
 Hourly faculty
 Privatizing
public
universities
 Hogwarts vs
CCs
What comes next?What comes next?
What comes next?What comes next?
 Rich
multimedia
environment
 Some
gamification
 Student as
producer
 Disintegrated
computing as a
service
 Extensive data
analysis,
surveillance,
creativity
Which of these
trends are the
most powerful?
Which of these
trends are the most
unpredicatble?
How does your life change?How does your life change?
1. Peak Higher
Education
2. Health Care Nation
3. Tutor me, Siri
4. Renaissance
Peak higher educationPeak higher education
Academia
experiences
a serious
correction
The bubble burstThe bubble burst
http://research.studentclearinghouse.org/
Grad programs checkedGrad programs checked
Perfect stormPerfect storm
 Demographic decline
 Accelerated prices + sunk
costs
 Low public funding
 Alternatives rising
How does this impact campuses?How does this impact campuses?
 Fewer, less crowded
campuses
 Very international student
body
 Low-cost programs ($10K
BA)
How does this impact campuses?How does this impact campuses?
 Increased remedial
programs
 College generally seen as
job training
How does this impact learning?How does this impact learning?
More alternatives:
 Maker movement expands
 More DIY learning,
unschooling
 Vocational tech classes are
widespread in K-12
 Apprenticeships are accepted in
career paths
 Colleges have always been
transnational
II:II: Health care nationHealth care nation
Medical
sector
grows into
leading US
industry
 45% of GDP
A new economyA new economy
Ageing population
A new economyA new economy
 Byzantine finances
 Treatment improvements
 Greater presence in society
 Baumol’s disease
How does this impact campuses?How does this impact campuses?
 More programs, more people, more
tech
 Increased feminization of student
body
 Space sharing w/clinics + hospitals
 Some took premed-themed
classes in high school
 Medical heroes loom as large as
sports figures
 Many already familiar with
eldercare practices
III. Tutor me, SiriIII. Tutor me, Siri
 Tutoring
software
 Commodit
y and
enterprise
versions
How it happenedHow it happened
 Continuous developments in
AI, HCI, learning science
 Commercial, governmental,
academic projects
 Open education to draw upon
Higher education landscape:
 Two Cultures implementation
divide
 Boom in CS, robotics
departments
 Scholarship battles
Higher education landscape:
 Further adjunctification
 F2f undergrad, grad enrollments
drop
 Math Emporium model
 Expanded study halls in high
school
 Beloved tutors carried to
college, life
 Value humans for eccentricity,
style
IV. RenaissanceIV. Renaissance
Gaming
world
Gaming as part of mainstreamGaming as part of mainstream
cultureculture
 Median age of gamers shoots past 30
 Industry size comparable to music
 Impacts on hardware, software,
interfaces, other industries
 Large and growing diversity of
platforms, topics, genres, niches,
players
Games
serious,
public, and
political
• Oiligarchy, Molle Industries
• Jetset, Persuasive Games
• The Great Shakeout, California
• DimensionM, Tabula Digita
Classroom and courses
 Curriculum content
 Delivery mechanism
 Creating games
Peacemaker,
Impact Games
Revolution (via
Jason Mittell)
•Joost Raessens and Jeffrey Goldstein, eds,
Handbook of Computer Game Studies (MIT, 2005)
•Frans Mayra, An Introduction to Game Studies
(Sage, 2008)
•Pat Harrigan and Noah Wardrip-Fruin, eds. Third
Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives
(MIT, 2009)
Game studies as academic fieldGame studies as academic field
How is gaming used now?How is gaming used now?
Use games to impact
society
Some impacts on campusesSome impacts on campuses
 Changes in hardware,
software
 Part of undergraduate life
 Learning content, both
informal and formal
 Career paths
Interface changesInterface changes
 Gartner: end of the
mouse
 Touch screen (iOS)
 Handhelds (Wii)
 Nothing (Kinect)
Higher education landscape:
 Accreditation: drives project-based,
studio-style pedagogy
 Libraries: rare and/or smaller
 Professional development: distance,
DiY
 Faculty multimedia production is the
norm
› Both sides of the API
 War on IP rages
 Nostalgia waves for old
media
 Competing storytelling
schools
 Most students identified with
one+ game characters in K-12
 Leading game developers are as
well known as movie directors
 Most of their work and school is
gamified
How does your life change?How does your life change?
1. Peak Higher
Education
2. Health Care Nation
3. Tutor me, Siri
4. Renaissance
http://bryanalexander.orghttp://bryanalexander.org
bryan.alexander@gmail.combryan.alexander@gmail.com
http://twitter.com/bryanalexanderhttp://twitter.com/bryanalexander

Libraries in the teeth of change