Lillium.pptx lillium production technology

PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF LILIUM

Climate and selection of site: Lilium thrives well in partial shade during
its growth period and can be cultivated under protected
environments.
For high-quality flower production, lilies require a light intensity of 2000-
3000 foot candles.
In conditions of low light, such as a photoperiod of less than 12-14
hours, implementing an 8 hr night interruption is crucial to prevent bud
drop in lilies.
Lilies benefit from shading, typically around 40-50% shade.
The most suitable temperature for achieving optimum growth of lilium
plants falls within the range of 8-20°C.

Soil and soil preparation: sandy loam soil. Cultivation is best suited
for soil with a pH range between 5.5-6.5. For both flower and bulb
production, lilium requires weed-free, well-prepared sandy soil.
Soil treatment: Soil sterilization can be carried out using 2%
formaldehyde at a rate of 25 Lit/acre and this should be done at
least 1 month before planting.
Selection of cultivars: Pure white, yellow and pink colours are
predominantly favoured and exhibit high demand in the markets.

Nutritional requirements: To improve soil structure, mix well-
decomposed FYM @ 5-8 kg per m2 on soil surface.
The soil was prepared for bulb planting by integrating a
specified amount of sand, FYM, Phosphorus and Potassium in
the form of Single Super Phosphate (SSP) and Muriate of Potash
(MoP).
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN), preferred @ 1 kg/100 sqm in
two split doses after sprouting the lilum bulbs in field conditions.

Planting time and method: In the plains of North India, Liliums were planted in winter,
specifically in November and December.
In hilly regions, it is done from November onwards.
Based on the prevailing conditions, Lilium can be planted either in raised or flat beds
and ridges.
For light soils like sandy and sandy loams, it is recommended to plant in ridges or on 1-
meter-wide raised beds.
In hilly regions experiencing high rainfall at the time of crop season, it is advisable to
plant in raised beds and ridges. This facilitates efficient drainage and helps in securing
the anchor of the plants.

Bulb size: The size of the planted bulb determines the quality of the lilium
flowers.
For Asiatic and LA lilies, commercial-sized bulbs have a circumference of
12-18 cm.
However, for Oriental lilies, it is suggested to plant bulbs with a
circumference of 14-22 cm for high-quality flowers.
Planting density: When the bulbs are 14-16 cm diameter, bulbs are
planted at spacing 15 × 15 cm row-to-row and bulb-to-bulb and about,
40-50 bulbs were planted per m2 of net cultivated area.
Bulbs and bulblets can be sown at a depth ranging from 4-12 cm

Harvesting: The flower spikes are harvested at a height of 15 cm above the
ground level when they begin to show color and just become loosely
attached. (colour breaking stage)
The residual portion of plant is permit to continue growing so that the
development of bulbs can persist in soil.
Dormancy of bulbs: Storing the bulbs in cold storage is a method to break
this dormancy. For the swift emergence of shoots and flowering, bulbs of
lilies necessitate a cold treatment for a minimum of 10-14 weeks at
temperatures of 20-4°C before planting.
When receiving frozen bulbs from a planting material supplier, it is advisable
to thaw the bulbs gradually at temperatures between 7-13°C over a period
of 1-3 days.

Storage: Following the bundling process, Lilium spikes are immersed in
a suitable preservative (STS) with an optimal storage temperature of 2-
3°C for a shorter duration.
Harvesting at higher temperatures may lead to the development of
brown spots on the outer petals.
The bulbs should be carefully packed in the perforated trays, either in
peat moss or sawdust, and stored at a temperature range of 2-3°C
with 70% relative humidity for a minimum period of 2 to 3 months in
cold storage

Physiological disorders:
Bud drop: It is categorized by wilting and whitening of flower bud,
followed by necrosis.
It typically occurs when the bud is 2-3 cm in length.
Bud drop is linked to low light and short-photoperiod, by high
temperatures.
Leaf scorch: It takes place during the critical visible bud stage.
Initially, the young leaves exhibit a slight inward curl, followed by
greenish-yellow to whitish spots on the scorched leaves, a few days
later.
It occurs when there is an imbalance between water absorption and
transpiration, leading to ‘Ca’ deficiency in young leaves.

Yield: Yield of the Lilium depends on mostly the type of cultivar used.
Lilium produces a flower stem for every bulb with 100% flowering.
It is a prosperous exotic bulbous crop that offers a numerous benefit
from protected cultivation.
It is important for farmers to carefully plan their greenhouse
operations, consider the initial investment costs and acquire the
necessary knowledge and skills for successful greenhouse
management.

Lillium.pptx lillium production technology

Lillium.pptx lillium production technology

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