Linux and windows file system
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The document explains file systems, detailing their purpose in organizing data via structures and algorithms. It covers key concepts, including inodes, file navigation using absolute and relative paths, and the differences between Linux and Windows file systems. Notable features of various file systems are also mentioned, such as performance metrics, the handling of large files, and NTFS characteristics like compression and encryption.
Linux and windows file system
- 1. Linux and Windows File System W1272075 Yu-Cheng Lin 3/6/18
- 2. What is File System ● A file system is the way in which files are named and where they are placed logically for storage and retrieval. ● In other words, it is a mechanism to organize our data. 1. It has its own data structure to achieve desired organization. 2. It has its own algorithm to achieve desired performance. ● Ability to store, retrieve, search, sort, ....
- 3. File - Basic Unit ● File = file name + file size File system # of char (file name) size of the file performance MINIX 1 14 64MB medium ext file system 255 2G slow ext2 file system 255 up to 64TB fast
- 4. Where is File Located
- 5. Where is File Located
- 6. What is inode? ● The inode is a data structure that describes a file or a directory. ● Each inode stores the attributes and disk block location(s) of the object's data. ● Attributes may include metadata: times of last change, access, modification, as well as owner and permission data.
- 8. We Want Folders! ● How to present folders as file?
- 9. File System as a Tree ● Rectangle is the folder. ● Circle represents the file.
- 10. How Do We Navigate A Tree? ● Absolute path ● “/” represent root ● If we want to access p, ● => /a/c/p ● OS (side) use dentry to cache absolute path ● Store in dentry cache
- 11. How Do We Navigate A Tree? ● Relative path ● Assume we are at “a” directory ● We can set working directory at “a” as reference ● “.” represents the current directory ● If we want to access p, ● => ./c/p
- 12. How Do We Navigate A Tree? ● Relative path - Use ‘..’ ● Assume we are at “d” directory ● Working directory at “d” as reference ● Use “..” to navigate to upper level ● If we want to access p, ● => ../c/p ● Or, change working directory to the ancestor nodes
- 13. How Do We Navigate A Tree? ● “link” 1. if folder c link under folder d, => ./c/p 2. if file p link under folder d, => ./p
- 14. How to Merge Outer File System? - Linux mounting
- 15. How the User Interact with File System? File Directory
- 16. What if Two User Working on the Same Tree? ● Race Condition ● Locking ○ Share lock ○ exclusive lock
- 17. How Linux Handle Different File Systm? ● In order to have different implementation of the file system, Linux create a Virtual File System layer, so that different file system only need to support the four main file-system structures:
- 18. How to Store Large Size Files? ● Single indirect block ○ up to 268KB ● Double indirect block ○ up to 10+2^16 blocks ● Triple indirect block ○ 16 GB to 64 TB
- 19. The Main Difference for Windows NTFS 1. Structure 2. File compression 3. File encryption
- 20. NTFS Structure ● Master File Table
- 21. File Compression
- 22. End
Editor's Notes
- #2: https://www.slideshare.net/anil_pugalia/linux-file-system https://www.slideshare.net/harleen-johal/file-system-12292068 https://www.slideshare.net/azilian/4-linux-file-systems-18175783 https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/4402/what-is-a-superblock-inode-dentry-and-a-file https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5256599/what-are-file-descriptors-explained-in-simple-terms https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27345342/inode-vs-vnode-difference http://slideplayer.com/slide/4594828/ http://slideplayer.com/slide/8961492/