Linux Desktop: From OS Install through Running the Applications

Linux Desktop: From OS Install through
Running the Applications
An IdoSphere webinar

Presented by: Joe Litton & Bill Malchisky
Your Logo

About this session...

Target audience:
• Completely new to / curious about linux
• Some experience w/ linux, want to see Lotus apps on linux
• Want to feel confident installing Virtual Machine (VM)
• Need to run Windows apps (like Designer) on linux
• Ready for the crazier things like VPN and remote access

• ...not so much if you compile your own O/S builds, debate
finer points of Gnome vs KDE vs other window managers,
etc.

Linux Desktop:
From OS Install through Running the Applications
What we will cover in this Webinar

Why linux? (and why not?)
1

Ubuntu linux: download / install; what apps to use for tasks you'd want on any system
2

Installing / running Notes & Symphony in native Ubuntu
3

Install & configure a Virtual Machine to run Windows (and Designer / Administrator in Windows)
4

Connecting via Virtual Private Network (VPN)
5

Connecting to remote machines
6

About us...
Joe Litton

• Notes / Domino developer for 15 years
• IT guy for 25 years (VAX/VMS system manager, Voice
Response developer on OS/2, various proprietary
languages ...prepped me for Domino web dev :)
• Presented Java-related sessions at Lotusphere
• Wrote some for Lotus Advisor
• Linux user past 10 years
• Blog (not often enough) at http://www.joelitton.net/
• Twitter: joelitton
• Email: jrlitton@gmail.com

About us...
Bill Malchisky

• Working with Notes since 3.0c, in 1993
• Architect, admin, auditor, trainer, process engineer, team
lead, "reformed developer"
• Co-authored two IBM Redbooks on Linux; several
publications
• Significant regulatory compliance and Domino specialty
project experience
• Linux aficionado
• Blog at http://www.billmal.com/
• Twitter: billmalchisky
• Email: Bill@billmal.com

Why use linux?
(and why perhaps not)

Pros Templates
Cons

FREE Free support at http://ubuntu.com/support ,
:) (download free :(
but you'll need to buy support if you want to
or buy a CD for about US$6.50) be able to speak to support tech

Easy to use Some apps (like Domino Designer) don't yet
run on linux (so you still need a Windows
Thousands of free apps license to run within a VM)

Probably works with your existing machine Some devices can be harder to configure,
and peripherals (often more easily) or you need to search for linux drivers

Needs fewer resources vs proprietary O/S
T
Fewer worries re viruses, etc

See: http://tek.io/linuxRocks See: http://zd.net/linuxSucks

Ubuntu: download, configure, run
Download

• Open a web browser and go to http://ubuntu.com
• Click the 'Download Ubuntu' button

Download

• Click 'Start download'

Download

• Specify where you want to save the file (and remember
where you save it!)

Create a bootable CD or USB drive

• Scroll down a little on the download page, select CD or USB
• Select your O/S and click 'Show me how'

Create a bootable CD or USB drive

• Detailed instructions with screenshots show how to create
the bootable media, using the O/S you selected

Boot and configure

• Restart the target machine with your new bootable media in
place (you may need to adjust BIOS for boot order)
• After a few moments...things start to load...

Boot and configure

• Patience is a virtue. The ubuntu logo soon displays...

Boot and configure

• Decide whether to TRY Ubuntu (no changes to hard drive),
or install onto your hard drive (you may not get to MAKE the
selection for a few moments)
• Note that wifi is automatically detected

Boot and configure

• You'll want to have an Internet connection for the install, so
provide the wifi password if needed (or plug in your network
cable)

Boot and configure

• Choose your password and enter it here...

Boot and configure

• If you didn't get to make your Try / Install selection earlier,
now is the time...

Boot and configure

• This is why you need to remember your keyring password. If
you've forgotten it, don't worry ...just restart the install

Boot and configure

• These screenshots are for an install to the hard drive
• You want to be connected to the Internet in order to
automatically update Ubuntu during the install

Boot and configure

• I chose to use the entire disk, but you can install in a
partition (a boot loader will automatically install for you, so
you select your O/S at boot time)

Boot and configure

• This is your last chance to change your mind :)
• If ready to proceed, click 'Install Now'

Boot and configure

• Select your time zone

Boot and configure

• Select your Keyboard layout

Boot and configure

• Designate your name, how you want this computer to be
listed on your network, your username, and your password.

Boot and configure

• Ubuntu now has the info it needs, so kick back, grab some
coffee, or read the screens to learn about Ubuntu while it
installs

Boot and configure

• Install is complete (well, for now), so click the 'Restart Now'
button

Boot and configure

• The username you specified will be showing. If multiple
users accounts are set up in the future, this is where you
would select your account. Click your username and enter
your password

Boot and configure

• I suggest allowing Ubuntu to check for updates daily. With
this first boot up, you will have a number of updates to
install, so click 'Install Updates'

Boot and configure

• Ubuntu will require you to enter your password whenever
you are updating software. This helps ensure that you
realize that you are about to update your system.

Boot and configure

• The Update
Manager will tell
you when all
updates have been
applied. You may
need to reboot one
more time

Boot and configure

• Many devices run easily with Ubuntu. My Canon printer needed a driver to
work over wifi. I had to go to
http://support-my.canon-asia.com/contents/MY/EN/0100236502.html
to find the driver
• Ubuntu is based on 'Debian', so look for .deb install files

Boot and configure

• Downloaded files will typically be saved in your Downloads
'Place'...

Boot and configure

• Downloaded install files will typically be compressed
archives. Double-click to open.

Boot and configure

• In this case, the archive included multiple 'packages'; I
double-clicked the packages folder to open it

Boot and configure

• Finally the debian packages are available. When you
double-click on a .deb file, the Package Manager will
attempt to install the package (I did this once for each
package)

Boot and configure

• If this package were already installed, a 'Reinstall' button
would display. Since this was the initial install of my printer
drivers, I clicked the displayed 'Install' button (and entered
my password when prompted)

Boot and configure

• To complete the printer config, I clicked System >
Administration > Printing

Boot and configure

• No printers were showing yet. Click 'Add' to add / configure
a printer

Boot and configure

• The wireless printer was now available in the Network
Printer section; when I selected it, the device URI displayed,
and I clicked 'Forward'

Boot and configure

• Ubuntu searched for (and located) the drivers

Boot and configure

• The next dialog box required a name for the printer (it will
make a suggestion), and optionally one can provide
Description and Location fields. Click 'Apply' to save.

Boot and configure

• You can see the printer now listed. The only remaining step
is to verify the installation by printing a test page.
• It's important to note that I usually have not had to go to this
much trouble to
install a new printer;
usually Ubuntu sees
it right away and I
simply select the
driver from a list of
available drivers.

Select and Install software

• Tens of thousands of applications are available through the
Ubuntu Software Center, located on the Applications menu

Linux aficionado


• Before you select software, configure the software sources...

Linux aficionado


• Select Edit > Software Sources...

Linux aficionado


• I typically select
all options (except
Source code). If there
are copyright or Linux aficionado
other licensing
issues, you can
read about that
in each app's
listing.


• Similarly, on the
'Other Software'
tab, I typically
select all options. Linux aficionado
Click 'Close' to
save your
selections.


• To add applications, you can browse the categories, or if you
know the name of an app, just type it in the search bar. The
example here is Skype


• Since I already had installed Skype, it the 'Remove' button is
displayed instead of the 'Install' button.


• As the install window told us, Skype can be found under
Applications > Internet > Skype


• Since I have a webcam, I followed the same procedure to
install the 'Cheese' webcam app as I followed to install
Skype.


• Running 'Cheese' provides an easy way to test your
webcam.

Some apps to consider...

file explorer Computer app, or Places
graphics, images manipulation GIMP, Shotwell, Shutter
photo management Picasa, Shotwell
web browser Firefox, Chrome
chat Pidgin, Skype, Gwibber
MP3 music & device management Rhythmbox, gtkpod (iPod mgr)
screen grabs Take Screenshot
Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn TweetDeck (install Adobe Air first)
text edit gedit
backup SpiderOak
file transfers DropBox
calculator Calculator
webcam Cheese, Skype
music purchase Ubuntu One

Customize the interface

• The initial desktop background is kinda boring. To change
the wallpaper, right-click on the desktop and select 'Change
Desktop Background'


• The Appearance Preferences dialog lets you select from
pre-loaded images,
add an image of your
own, or browse the
web for wallpaper.


• I clicked 'Add' and then selected an image that I'd
downloaded in the past, and clicked 'Open' to save my
selection.


• Ahh...That's more like it :)


• To organize the icons on your Ubuntu desktop, right-click
on the desktop
and select
'Organize
Desktop by
Name'


• The icons will now be displayed
in an orderly manner.


• To customize the menu, select System > Preferences >
Main Menu


• To hide the Games menu, for example, uncheck Games and
click 'Close'...


• The Games menu is now hidden. You can likewise
rearrange the position of menus, and add / remove / hide
menu options as you like.

Install & run Notes, Symphony
in native Ubuntu

• Download the IBM Lotus Symphony beta for Ubuntu at
http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/preconfig.jsp?id=2010-02-02+09%3A58%3A12.499225R&S_TACT=104CBW71&S_CMP=

• ...or search for “ibm lotus symphony beta for ubuntu” :)
• Be sure to select the version for Ubuntu

in native Ubuntu

• Symphony is free. You can log in or create a new account, or enter as a
Guest after selecting the desired download
• Download Director will
typically result in faster
downloads. Click
'Download now' to
start the download.

in native Ubuntu

• By default, Download Director will create a folder under your
home folder. Open the Computer app (or use the Places
menu) to open your home folder, open the
DownloadDirector folder, and look for the .deb file
• Double-click on
the symphony
install file (the
.deb) to begin the
install

in native Ubuntu

• Click 'Install' and the Package Manager will install Symphony (follow prompts
to accept license agreement, etc)

in native Ubuntu

• When the instal completes, IBM Lotus Symphony will be
listed under Applications > Office

(it really is just that easy)

in native Ubuntu

• Only the Notes client is available to run in native Ubuntu.
You need access to Passport Advantage or other legitimate
media source. The file I downloaded was called
notes852_notes_linux_deb_cd4_prod.tar
• Navigate to the downloaded file. A '.tar' file is an archive, so
double-click to open the archive
• Then double-click to allow the Package Manager to install
ibm-lotus-notes-8.5.2.i586.deb
• Complete the install just as you would in Windows (provide
server name, id file, etc)

in native Ubuntu

• Once you've configured Notes as you like, it looks pretty
much the same as in Windows:

Configure a Virtual Machine
to run Windows apps

• Domino Designer and some other applications only run in
Windows. To do this with Ubuntu, install a Virtual Machine
(VM), and run Windows within the VM
• The VM is just an app to Ubuntu
• You allocate disk and memory to the VM
• You can configure multiple VMs
• Various options exist; we will use VMWare Player

to run Windows apps

• Go to http://www.vmware.com/go/downloadplayer/ to get the
VMWare Player
• Register for a free account & log in once registered
• Once logged in, the download page displays. Select the 32-
bit or 64-bit Linux .bundle file

to run Windows apps

• Follow instructions at
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/VMware/Player
to install the VMware Player on Ubuntu
• The first step is to select Applications > Accessories >
Terminal to open a command prompt, and then issue this
command (documented on the help page linked above):
sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r`

to run Windows apps

• (The sudo command - substitute user do … or super user do - allows you to
run privileged commands; hence, you are prompted for your password)
• Ensure that the downloaded .bundle file is executable (right-
click on the file to open Properties)

to run Windows apps

• Back at the Terminal prompt, navigate to the Downloads
folder (the cd command takes you to your home folder;
cd Downloads will then take you to Downloads)

to run Windows apps

• Copy the name of the .bundle file from Downloads (may be
easiest from the Computer app or Places)
• Then in the Terminal window, type
gksudo bash ./
and use <Ctrl-Shift-V> ...or the menu ...to paste the name of
the .bundle file after the typed text. Hit <Enter>

to run Windows apps

• The VMware Player
installer runs and will
prompt you to allow
checking for product
updates. Follow the
prompts

to run Windows apps

• When done installing, the VMware Player will be available
under Applications > System Tools > VMware Player
(you can add this or any app to the top panel by right-clicking from the menu
and selecting 'Add this launcher to panel')

to run Windows apps

• Start VMware Player, insert your Windows install media in
the CD/DVD drive, and click to create a new Virtual Machine

to run Windows apps

• Follow the prompts...

to run Windows apps

• VMware Player will begin installing Windows in a new VM.
When prompted, enter the Windows product key

to run Windows apps

• Windows will automatically start up in the new VM

to run Windows apps

• Now comes the nasty part: regular install of Windows, with
the many updates and restarts
• Good news is restarts are all in the VM, so very fast
• I suggest disabling automatic updates once Windows is fully
updated
• Each VM you configure is stored
as a folder in the vmware folder
under your home folder

to run Windows apps

• Once you have your VM configured the way you like, use
File > Suspend and Quit to exit the VM. This will make
restarting the VM much faster.

to run Windows apps

• From this point onward, installing, configuring, and running
applications in your VM is the same as on any Windows
machine.
• I suggest DropBox
as an easy way to
move files among
physical and
virtual machines

to run Windows apps

• If your VM is primarily for running Domino Designer and
Administrator, you may wish to load parts of Notes
whenever the VM loads

to run Windows apps

• Screen shot of Domino Designer running in VM

to run Windows apps

• Screen shot of Domino Administrator running in VM

Deep Dive

with Bill Malchisky

Verifying Your Downloads

The powerful utility called md5sum
Computes and checks MD5 values (128-bit checksums) on files
Syntax: md5sum [option] ... [File] ...
So, $md5sum LotusTraveler_852_FP1.tar
Return value: 1d3538726b0d6077951ddfd995fb64f2
LotusTraveler_852_FP1.tar
Verify this value against the value provided on the download site
from your vendor

3

Linux Desktop:
From OS Install through Running the Applications
What we will cover in this Webinar
Why linux? (and why not?)
1

Ubuntu linux: download / install; what apps to use for tasks you'd want on any system
2

Installing / running Notes & Symphony in native Ubuntu
3

Install & configure a Virtual Machine to run Windows (and Designer / Administrator in Windows)
4

Connecting via virtual Private Network (VPN)
5

Connecting to remote machines
6

NetworkManager Applet
Heart and Soul of GUI Connections

A great conceptual connection portal
• Stores Ethernet, WiFi, DSL, VPN, Mobile Broadband profiles

3

Recovery In The Face
Of Adversary

What is the NetworkManager icon disappears?
$sudo service network-manager restart

Menu options to the rescue...
Main Menu
Wired Network
Wireless Networks
VPN Connections > {Available options} Configure VPN Disconnect VPN
Righ-click Menu
Enable Networking / Wireless
4
Connection Info / Edit Connections...

VPN Connections –
Initial Considerations

Several VPN connection options
Much easier to configure in Linux
Splitting traffic in two easy clicks
Easy management too -- via NetworkManager’s VPN-aware menu
branch
Increasing your changes for success
Library version gap -- what you have installed and what the vendor
provides
What your admin allows -- they all allow Windows
May need your key file for proper access 5

VPN Connections –
Getting Setup
The most common modules are for
PPTP – Microsoft,primarily
OpenVPN – Open VPN Server
VPNC – Cisco VPN

6

VPN Connections –
Getting Setup
Install the missing software
•Need: pptp-linux, network-manager-pptp
•Note: the “-gnome” is optional, but easy to add
•Open the Ubuntu Software Center
•Type in the package name, if you see green check
mark, move on, else, install

7

VPN Connections –
Getting Setup
You can also just type it on the command-line, if you prefer
$sudo apt-get install network-manager-
gnome network-manager-openvpn network-
manager-pptp network-manager-vpnc

Here, network-manager-pptp will pull pptp-linux as a
dependency, but you can add it to ensure success, if you wish

8

VPN Connections –
Adding Your Connection

NetworkManager offers plugin support for VPN modules,
so by installing things, you can get what you need sans
additional files or patches later.

9

VPN Connections –

From VPN Tab, click Add
•Set type to PPTP

10

VPN Connections –

Commence the data entry
•Will need the NT
Domain, and IP for
Gateway
•Note: depending upon
how your admin
configured the NT
server, may need to
append “.local” – try
both ways
11

VPN Connections –
Advanced page
Lists all the CHAPs –
MSCHAP, MSCHAPV2,
and EAP inclusive

12

VPN Connections –
Adding Routes
Windows does add routes,
Linux does not
You may need to add them
yourself
Click on the IP V4 tab

13

VPN Connections –
Adding Routes
Leave Method as
“Automatic (VPN)”
Click Routes...

14

VPN Connections –
Adding Routes
Click Add
Fill-in within each column,
the appropriate values
Click OK when done
Keep metric to 1

Reboot!
(Yes, you read that
correctly.) 15

VPN Connections –
Where Else to Go?
If you need additional troubleshooting assistance...
•The main PPTP site is really good
•http://pptpclient.sourceforge.net/howto-diagnosis.phtml

16

Alternate Access
Mediums

RDP
•Many wonderful applications...

18

Look Inside TS Client for Ubuntu –
Main Screen

19

Display Tab

20

Local Resources

21

Programs

22

Performance

23

Command line to the Rescue

Stubborn Network Recovery
For Ethernet DHCP connections...
Syntax: if[up down] <connection>
example: $sudo ifdown eth0
Will stop a network device

24

Ifdown eth0 Screen Output

RTNETLINK answers: No such process
There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.eth0.pid with
pid 2470
killed old client process, removed PID file
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.3
Copyright 2004-2009 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/eth0/00:15:58:86:d2:55
Sending on LPF/eth0/00:15:58:86:d2:55
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPRELEASE on eth0 to 192.168.1.1 port 67 25

Ifup eth0 Screen Output

Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.3
Copyright 2004-2009 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/eth0/00:15:58:86:d2:55
Sending on LPF/eth0/00:15:58:86:d2:55
Sending on Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6
DHCPDISCOVER on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 13
DHCPOFFER of 192.168.1.188 from 192.168.1.1
DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.188 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
DHCPACK of 192.168.1.188 from 192.168.1.1
bound to 192.168.1.188 -- renewal in 16939 seconds.

26

Ifconfig eth0 Output

eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
inet addr:192.168.1.188 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::215:58ff:fe86:d255/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:108041 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:134470 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:73456524 (73.4 MB) TX bytes:20617289 (20.6 MB)
Memory:ee000000-ee020000

27

Ifconfig Output
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
inet6 addr: fe80::215:58ff:fe86:d255/64 Scope:Link
Memory:ee000000-ee020000

lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1

vmnet1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:c0:00:01
inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:1/64 Scope:Link
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

vmnet8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:c0:00:08
inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:8/64 Scope:Link
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

28

Networking Tips

Reverse IP Lookup (getting the hostname for the IP)
dig +short -x <ip_address>

imac:~ tux$ dig +short -x 70.84.139.138
lincoln.websitewelcome.com.

29

Package Management Contrasting

New to Ubuntu? Here’s a table to ease the translation
from other Linux distros
Red Hat Ubuntu Comments

yum apt-get sudo apt-get install <package_name>

sudo dpkg -i <package_file>.deb
rpm dpkg sudo dpkg -r <package_name>
sysvinit upstart No /etc/inittab Not ready for primetime

rpm -qi dpkg-deb dkpg-deb -I <package_file; archive>
dpkg-query -l <pattern> -L <pkgname>
rpm -q dpkg-query -S <pattern>

Linux Provides Some Command-Line
Assistance

Typing along, then you utilize an uninstalled command
– Ubuntu tells you and makes a suggestion:
tux@sardi:~$ jnettop
The program 'jnettop' is currently not installed.
You can install it by typing:
sudo apt-get install jnettop

31

Dynamic Application Installation

tux@sardi:~$ sudo apt-get install jnettop
[sudo] password for tux:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
jnettop
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.
Need to get 39.3kB of archives.
After this operation, 152kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe jnettop 0.12.0-4 [39.3kB]
Fetched 39.3kB in 0s (49.2kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package jnettop.
(Reading database ... 222940 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking jnettop (from .../jnettop_0.12.0-4_amd64.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Setting up jnettop (0.12.0-4) ...

Processing triggers for menu ... 32
tux@sardi:~$

THANK YOU!

Any Questions?

122

SkiLUG
Is Almost Here!
25-27 Feb
Sunday River Resort
Join us!
http://SkiLUG.org
123

Joe Litton
•E-mail: jrlitton@gmail.com
•Twitter: joelitton
•Blog: http://www.joelitton.net

Bill Malchisky
•E-mail: bill@billmal.com
•Twitter: billmalchisky
•Blog: http://www.BillMal.com

The Consultant in your Pocket webcast series: find us at http://consultantinyourpocket.com

35

Linux Desktop: From OS Install through Running the Applications

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